Moralo oa PCB

Moralong ofe kapa ofe oa phepelo ea motlakase, moralo oa sebopeho sa PCB boto is the last link. If the design method is improper, the PCB may radiate too much electromagnetic interference, resulting in the unstable work of the power supply. The following is an analysis of the matters needed to pay attention to in each step.

Ho tloha setshwantshong se reriloeng ho thulaganyou e moralo PCB

Set up component parameters – > Input principle netlist – > Sethala sa paramethara ea moralo -> Sebopeho sa letsoho -> Manual cabling – > Netefatsa moralo -> Hlahloba – & gt; Tlhahiso ea CAM.

Litlhophiso tsa Parameter

Karohano lipakeng tsa mehala e haufinyane e tlameha ho fihlela litlhoko tsa polokeho ea motlakase, le molemong oa tšebetso le tlhahiso, sebaka se lokela ho ba bophara ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang. The minimum spacing should be suitable for the voltage at least. When the wiring density is low, the spacing of signal lines can be appropriately increased. For the signal lines with high and low level disparity, the spacing should be as short as possible and the spacing should be increased.

Sebaka se pakeng tsa bohale ba lesoba le kahare la pad le bohale ba boto e hatisitsoeng e lokela ho ba kholo ho feta 1mm ho qoba liphoso tsa pad nakong ea machining. Ha terata e hokahantsoeng le pad e batla e le tšesaane, khokahano lipakeng tsa pad le terata e etselitsoe sebopeho sa marotholi. Molemo ke hore pad ha ho bonolo ho eboloa, empa terata le pad ha ho bonolo ho li hakolla.

Component layout

Practice has proved that even if the circuit schematic design is correct and the printed circuit board design is improper, the reliability of electronic equipment will be adversely affected.

For example, if two thin parallel lines of a printed board are close together, there will be a delay in the signal waveform, resulting in reflected noise at the end of the transmission line. Ho kena-kenana ho bakoang ke phepelo ea motlakase le terata ea fatše ho tla nyenyefatsa ts’ebetso ea sehlahisoa. Ka hona, ha ho raloa boto ea potoloho e hatisitsoeng, tlhokomelo e lokela ho fuoa mokhoa o nepahetseng.

Phepelo e ‘ngoe le e’ ngoe ea motlakase e nang le likonopo tse ‘ne tsa hajoale:

① Ac circuit of power switch

Circuit Khumo rectifier AC oa potoloho

Input signal ea mohloli oa hona joale

Load Khumo ea mojaro oa morao-rao oa ho kenya loop

Ka ho tjhaja capacitor ea ho kenya ka khakanyo ea hona joale ea dc, sefahleho sa filtara se bapala karolo ea polokelo ea motlakase ea protepente. Ka mokhoa o ts’oanang, lihlahisoa tsa li-filter capacitors li sebelisetsoa ho boloka matla a maqhubu a phahameng ho tsoa ho sehlahisoa se hlahisang ha ho ntse ho felisa matla a dc ho tsoa ho loop loop load.

Therefore, the wiring terminals of the input and output filter capacitors are very important. The input and output current loops should be connected to the power supply only from the wiring terminals of the filter capacitor respectively. Haeba khokahano lipakeng tsa potoloho ea ho kenya / tlhahiso le sesebelisoa sa motlakase / sereleli se sa khone ho hokahanngoa ka kotloloho le seteishene sa capacitor, matla a ac a tla feta ho kenyelletso kapa tlhahiso ea filtara capacitor ebe a khanya tikolohong.

Lipotoloho tsa ac tsa sesebelisoa sa phepelo ea motlakase le sehlophisi se na le maqhubu a phahameng a matla a trapezoidal, a nang le karolo e phahameng ea li-harmoniki le maqhubu a phahameng haholo ho feta maqhubu a mantlha a switch. Tlhōrō ea bophahamo e ka ba makhetlo a mahlano ho feta ea ho kenya / ho hlahisa DC hajoale. Nako ea phetoho hangata e ka ba 5ns.

Lipotoloho tse peli li na le monyetla oa ho hlahisa tšitiso ea motlakase, ka hona ho lokela hore mohala o mong o hatisitsoeng o tsoang mohloling oa matla ho roala pele ho lisekete tsena tsa ac, karolo e ngoe le e ngoe ea likarolo tse tharo tsa senotlolo capacitor, switch switch kapa rectifier, inductor kapa transformer li tla beoa haufi. e mong ho e mong, fetola tsela ea hajoale lipakeng tsa boemo ba element e li etse tse khuts’oane kamoo ho ka khonehang.

Mokhoa o motle oa ho theha phepelo ea phepelo ea motlakase o ts’oana le moralo oa ona oa motlakase, ts’ebetso e ntle ea moralo e tjena:

Transform Beha transformer

② Rala senotlolo sa hajoale sa switch switch

③ Rala sehlahisoa sa morao-rao se lokisang sehlahisoa

④ The control circuit connected to the AC power supply circuit

wiring

Phepelo ea motlakase e nang le lets’oao le phahameng la frequency, mme mohala ofe kapa ofe o hatisitsoeng ho PCB o ka sebetsa joalo ka lenakana. Bolelele le bophara ba mohala o hatisitsoeng li tla ama tšitiso ea eona le tšebetso ea ho kenella, ka hona e ama karabelo ea makhetlo. Even printed lines that pass through dc signals can be coupled to rf signals from adjacent printed lines and cause circuit problems (or even re-radiate interference signals).

Mehala eohle e hatisitsoeng e fetang ka ac hona joale e lokela ho etsetsoa hore e be khutšoane ebile e pharalle ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang, ho bolelang hore likarolo tsohle tse hokahantsoeng le mela e hatisitsoeng le likhoele tse ling tsa motlakase li tlameha ho beoa haufi.

Bolelele ba mohala o hatisitsoeng bo lekana ka kotloloho le ho se ts’oane ha eona le tšitiso ea eona, ‘me bophara bo fapane ka ho felletseng le ho kenella le ho sitisa mohala o hatisitsoeng. Bolelele bo bonts’a bokahohle ba karabo ea mola o hatisitsoeng. Ha bolelele bo le bolelele, maqhubu a mola a hatisitsoeng a ka theola le ho amohela maqhubu a motlakase le matla a rf a ho feta.

Ho latela boholo ba boto ea potoloho e hatisitsoeng hajoale, ho fihla moo ho ka khonehang ho eketsa bophara ba mohala oa motlakase, fokotsa ho hanyetsa ha lupu. Ka nako e ts’oanang, etsa hore mohala oa motlakase, mohala oa fatše le tataiso ea hona joale li lumellane, e thusang ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho loants’a lerata.

Motheo ke lekala le tlase la lisekete tse nne tsa hajoale tsa ho chencha motlakase, e bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa haholo joalo ka ntlha e tloaelehileng ea potoloho, mme ke mokhoa oa bohlokoa oa ho laola tšitiso. Ka hona, ak’u nahane ka hloko ka likhoele tsa fatše. Ho kopanya mehala ea mobu ho ka baka phepelo e sa tsitsang ea motlakase.

hlahloba

Moralo oa wiring o phethetsoe, ho hlokahala hore o hlahlobe ka hloko moralo oa wiring ke baqapi o tsamaellanang le melao, melao ka nako e ts’oanang e hloka ho netefatsa hore na e lumellana le tlhoko ea ts’ebetso ea tlhahiso ea PCB, mohala oa tlhahlobo o akaretsang ho ea moleng, line le element bonding pad, mohala le pores e hokahanyang, element element bonding pad le pores puisano, ka lesoba le sebaka se pakeng tsa lesoba ho utloahala, ebang ke ho fihlela litlhoko tsa tlhahiso.

Hore na bophara ba thapo ea motlakase le terata ea mobu bo nepahetse, le hore na ho na le sebaka sa hore terata ea lefatše e holisoe ho PCB. Tlhokomeliso: Liphoso tse ling li ka hlokomolohuoa, mohlala, karolo ea Outline ea lihokelo tse ling e behiloe kantle ho foreime ea board, ka hona ho tla be ho fosahetse ho sheba sebaka; Ntle le moo, kamora phetoho e ngoe le e ngoe ea wiring le sekoti, ho hlokahala hore o apare koporo hang.

Hlahloba ho latela “lenane la lipatlisiso la PCB”, ho kenyeletsoa melao ea moralo, tlhaloso ea lera, bophara ba mela, likhao, liphahlo, Lipeakanyo tsa masoba, empa hape le tsepamisa maikutlo tlhahlobisong ea mantlha ea sebopeho sa sesebelisoa, phepelo ea motlakase, mohala oa marang-rang o tiisang lebelo, oache e lebelo haholo wiring marangrang le sireletsang, decoupling capacitor bewa le mabapi.

Tlhahiso ea moralo

Notes for output light drawing files:

(1) Ho hlokahala hore ho hlahisoe lera la wiring (ka tlase), lera la khatiso ea skrine (ho kenyelletsa khatiso e holimo ea skrine, khatiso e tlase ea skrine), lera la ho tjheseletsa (ho tjheseletsa tlase), ho cheka lera (ka tlase), ntle le ho hlahisa faele ea ho cheka (NC Drill)

② Ha u beha lera la skrine ea khatiso, u se ke ua khetha Karolo ea Karolo, khetha Outline, Text le Line ea holimo (tlase) le Layer ea khatiso ea skrine.

③ Ha o hlophisa lera la e mong le e mong, khetha Boto ea Kantle. Ha u beha Layer of Screen screen Layer, u se ke ua khetha Karolo ea Karolo, ebe u khetha Outline and Text ea holimo (tlase) le Layer printing screen.