PCB didaakọ tun jẹ mimọ bi didaakọ PCB, PCB cloning, didaakọ PCB, PCB cloning, apẹrẹ yiyipada PCB tabi idagbasoke idakeji PCB. That is, on the premise of having physical electronic products and circuit boards, reverse analysis of circuit boards is carried out by means of reverse research and development technology, and technical documents such as PCB files, BOM files, schematic diagram files and PCB silkscreen production files of original products are carried out 1: 1, ati lẹhinna lo awọn iwe imọ -ẹrọ wọnyi ati awọn iwe iṣelọpọ fun ṣiṣe igbimọ PCB, alurinmorin paati, idanwo abẹrẹ ti n fo, n ṣatunṣe igbimọ Circuit, pari ẹda apẹẹrẹ apẹẹrẹ igbimọ Circuit atilẹba.

Fun igbimọ didaakọ PCB, ọpọlọpọ eniyan ko loye, kini igbimọ didaakọ PCB, diẹ ninu awọn eniyan paapaa ro pe didaakọ PCB jẹ adakọ. Ninu oye gbogbo eniyan, shanzhai tumọ si afarawe, ṣugbọn didaakọ PCB dajudaju kii ṣe apẹẹrẹ. Idi ti didaakọ PCB ni lati kọ imọ -ẹrọ apẹrẹ Circuit itanna ajeji tuntun, ati lẹhinna fa awọn ero apẹrẹ ti o dara julọ, lẹhinna lo wọn lati dagbasoke ati ṣe apẹrẹ awọn ọja to dara julọ.

With the continuous development and deepening of the board copying industry, today’s PCB board copying concept has been extended in a wider range, no longer limited to simple circuit board copying and cloning, but also involves the secondary development of products and the research and development of new products. , fun apẹẹrẹ, nipasẹ itupalẹ ti awọn iwe aṣẹ imọ -ẹrọ ọja mejeeji, ironu apẹrẹ, awọn abuda eto ati imọ -ẹrọ ti oye ati ijiroro, le pese itupalẹ iṣeeṣe fun iwadii ati idagbasoke awọn ọja tuntun ati alaye ifigagbaga, lati ṣe iranlọwọ iwadii ati awọn apa apẹrẹ tẹle atẹle akoko awọn aṣa idagbasoke imọ -ẹrọ tuntun, atunṣe akoko lati mu apẹrẹ ọja dara, iwadii ati idagbasoke pupọ julọ ni ọja awọn ọja tuntun ifigagbaga.

Ilana ti didaakọ igbimọ PCB le mọ imudojuiwọn iyara, igbesoke ati idagbasoke keji ti awọn oriṣi ti awọn ọja itanna nipasẹ isediwon ati iyipada apakan ti awọn faili data imọ -ẹrọ. Gẹgẹbi iyaworan iwe ati yiya aworan ti a fa jade lati didaakọ PCB, awọn apẹẹrẹ ọjọgbọn le tun jẹ ki apẹrẹ jẹ ki o yi PCB pada ni ibamu si awọn ifẹ alabara. Lori ipilẹ yii, o tun le ṣafikun awọn iṣẹ tuntun fun ọja tabi tunṣe awọn ẹya iṣẹ ṣiṣe, nitorinaa ọja pẹlu awọn iṣẹ tuntun yoo han ni iyara yiyara ati iduro tuntun, kii ṣe nikan ni awọn ẹtọ ohun -ini imọ tirẹ, ṣugbọn tun bori anfani akọkọ ni ọja, mu awọn anfani ilọpo meji si awọn alabara.

Boya o ti lo lati ṣe itupalẹ ipilẹ igbimọ Circuit ati awọn abuda ti n ṣiṣẹ ọja ni iwadii yiyipada, tabi lo bi ipilẹ ti apẹrẹ PCB ni apẹrẹ iwaju, PCB schematic ni ipa pataki kan. Nitorinaa, ni ibamu si iwe -ipamọ tabi ohun, bawo ni a ṣe le ṣe agbekalẹ aworan apẹrẹ PCB sẹhin, kini ilana ẹhin? Kini awọn alaye lati san ifojusi si?

I. Awọn igbesẹ sẹhin:

1. Record PCB details

Gba PCB kan, akọkọ lori iwe lati ṣe igbasilẹ gbogbo awọn paati ti awoṣe, awọn aye, ati ipo, ni pataki diode, itọsọna ti tube ipele mẹta, itọsọna ogbontarigi IC. O dara julọ lati ya awọn aworan meji ti ipo ti awọn paati pẹlu kamẹra oni -nọmba kan. Pupọ awọn igbimọ PCB ṣe ilọsiwaju diẹ sii loke ẹrọ ẹlẹnu meji diẹ ninu awọn ko ṣe akiyesi lati rii ni rọọrun.

2. Scanned images

Yọ gbogbo awọn paati ki o yọ tin kuro ninu awọn iho PAD. Wẹ PCB pẹlu oti ati gbe sinu ẹrọ iwoye ti o ṣe awari ni awọn piksẹli ti o ga diẹ lati gba aworan didasilẹ. Lẹhinna, ṣe didan awọn fẹlẹfẹlẹ oke ati isalẹ fẹẹrẹfẹ pẹlu iwe yarn omi titi fiimu idẹ yoo danmeremere. Fi wọn sinu ẹrọ ọlọjẹ, bẹrẹ PHOTOSHOP, ki o fẹlẹ fẹlẹfẹlẹ meji lọtọ ni awọ. Note that PCB must be placed horizontally and vertically in the scanner, otherwise the scanned image can not be used.

3. Adjust and correct the image

Ṣatunṣe itansan ati ina ti kanfasi, nitorinaa apakan pẹlu fiimu idẹ ati apakan laisi itansan fiimu Ejò ni agbara, lẹhinna yi ipin si dudu ati funfun, ṣayẹwo boya awọn laini ko o, ti kii ba ṣe bẹ, tun igbesẹ yii ṣe. Ti o ba jẹ kedere, aworan yoo wa ni fipamọ bi dudu ati funfun awọn faili ọna kika BMP TOP BMP ati BOT BMP, ti nọmba naa ba rii pe o ni awọn iṣoro tun le tunṣe ati tunṣe pẹlu PHOTOSHOP.

4. Ṣayẹwo PAD ati ipo VIA lasan

Ṣe iyipada awọn faili BMP meji sinu awọn faili PROTEL lẹsẹsẹ, ati gbe awọn fẹlẹfẹlẹ meji sinu PROTEL. Fun apẹẹrẹ, awọn ipo ti PAD ati VIA lẹhin awọn fẹlẹfẹlẹ meji ni ipilẹ papọ, ti o tọka pe awọn igbesẹ iṣaaju ti ṣe daradara. Ti iyatọ eyikeyi ba wa, tun igbesẹ kẹta ṣe. Nitorinaa, didaakọ igbimọ PCB jẹ iṣẹ alaisan pupọ, nitori iṣoro kekere kan yoo ni ipa lori didara ati alefa ibaamu lẹhin didaakọ igbimọ.

5. Draw the layer

Convert TOP layer BMP to TOP PCB, make sure to convert SILK layer, the yellow layer, then you trace the line on TOP layer, and place the device according to the drawing in step 2. Pa Layer SILK lẹhin kikun. Repeat until you have drawn all the layers.

6. Apapo TOP PCB ati PCB BOT

Add TOP PCB and BOT PCB in PROTEL and combine them into one figure.

7. Lesa laser titẹ TOP Layer, Layer isalẹ

Lo itẹwe lesa lati tẹ TOP LAYER ati LAYER BOTTOM lori fiimu ti o han (ipin 1: 1), fi fiimu sori PCB yẹn ki o ṣe afiwe ti o ba jẹ aṣiṣe, ti o ba tọ, o ti ṣe.

Idanwo 8.

Idanwo iṣẹ ṣiṣe itanna ti igbimọ ẹda kii ṣe kanna bii igbimọ atilẹba. If it’s the same then it’s really done.

Keji, san ifojusi si awọn alaye

1. Pin awọn agbegbe iṣẹ ṣiṣe ni ibamu

When reverse designing the schematic diagram of an intact PCB, reasonable division of functional areas can help engineers reduce some unnecessary trouble and improve the efficiency of drawing. Generally speaking, components with the same function on a PCB board will be arranged centrally, so that the functional division of areas can provide a convenient and accurate basis for reverting the schematic diagram.

Sibẹsibẹ, pipin agbegbe iṣẹ ṣiṣe yii kii ṣe lainidii. O nilo awọn ẹnjinia lati ni oye kan ti imọ ti o ni ibatan Circuit itanna. Ni akọkọ, ṣawari awọn paati pataki ti ẹya iṣẹ ṣiṣe kan, lẹhinna ni ibamu si asopọ wiwọ le tọpa lati wa awọn paati miiran ti ẹya iṣẹ ṣiṣe kanna, dida ipin ipin iṣẹ ṣiṣe kan. Ibiyi ti ipin iṣẹ jẹ ipilẹ ti yiya aworan. Ni afikun, maṣe gbagbe lati lo nọmba paati lori igbimọ Circuit lati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati pin awọn iṣẹ ni iyara.

2. Wa nkan ipilẹ ti o tọ

Nkan itọkasi yii tun le sọ lati jẹ akọkọ paati PCB ilu nẹtiwọọki ni ibẹrẹ ti yiya aworan. Lẹhin ipinnu awọn ege itọkasi, yiya ni ibamu si awọn pinni ti awọn ege itọkasi wọnyi le rii daju deede ti yiya aworan si iwọn nla.

Ibuwọlu fun awọn onimọ -ẹrọ, idaniloju kan kii ṣe awọn nkan ti o ni idiju pupọ, ni apapọ, le yan lati ṣe ipa idari ninu awọn paati Circuit bi ipilẹ, wọn ni gbogbogbo tobi, pin diẹ sii, iyaworan ti o rọrun, gẹgẹ bi Circuit iṣọpọ, oluyipada, transistor, ati bẹbẹ lọ ., O dara bi ipilẹ.

3. Ṣe iyatọ awọn laini titọ ki o fa wiwulu ti o peye

Fun iyatọ ti okun waya ilẹ, laini agbara ati laini ifihan, awọn ẹnjinia tun nilo lati ni imọ ti o yẹ ti ipese agbara, asopọ Circuit, okun PCB ati bẹbẹ lọ. Iyatọ ti awọn iyika wọnyi le ṣe itupalẹ lati asopọ ti awọn paati, iwọn ti bankanje idẹ ati awọn abuda ti awọn ọja itanna funrararẹ.

Ninu yiya onirin, lati le yago fun irekọja laini ati fifọ, ilẹ le lo nọmba nla ti awọn ami ilẹ, gbogbo iru awọn laini le lo awọn awọ oriṣiriṣi ti awọn laini oriṣiriṣi lati rii daju iyasọtọ ti o han, fun gbogbo iru awọn paati tun le lo pataki awọn ami, ati paapaa le ya sọtọ Circuit kuro, ati lẹhinna ni idapo.

4. Titunto si ipilẹ ipilẹ ki o tọka si awọn aworan apẹrẹ irufẹ

Fun diẹ ninu ipilẹ fireemu Circuit itanna ati ọna iyaworan opo, awọn ẹnjinia nilo lati Titunto si, kii ṣe lati ni anfani lati fa diẹ ninu rọrun, ipilẹ ipilẹ Ayebaye ti Circuit ẹrọ taara, ṣugbọn tun lati ṣe agbekalẹ fireemu gbogbogbo ti Circuit itanna.

Ni ida keji, maṣe foju pe iru kanna ti awọn ọja itanna ni awọn ibajọra kan ninu aworan apẹrẹ ti ilu nẹtiwọọki PCB, awọn onimọ -ẹrọ le ni ibamu si ikojọpọ ti iriri, fa ni kikun lori aworan Circuit kanna lati ṣe yiyipada ti tuntun aworan atọka ọja.

5. Ṣayẹwo ati mu dara sii

Lẹhin ti yiya aworan ti pari, apẹrẹ yiyipada ti aworan apẹrẹ PCB le pari nikan lẹhin idanwo ati ṣayẹwo. The nominal values of components sensitive to PCB distribution parameters need to be checked and optimized. According to the PCB file diagram, the schematic diagram is compared, analyzed and checked to ensure that the schematic diagram is completely consistent with the file diagram.