Ezweni lanamuhla ledijithali, isivinini siyisisekelo esiyisisekelo nesithuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo jikelele. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwesivinini sesiginali esandisiwe, inani elikhulu lemiklamo ye-elekthronikhi ligcwaliswa ngezixhumi eziningi zejubane, futhi ukwanda kwejubane lesiginali kwenza PCB ukwakheka nokuhlanganisa izintambo okuyisisekelo esiyisisekelo sokusebenza kohlelo lonke. Ukwanda okukhulayo kokuqanjwa kabusha kwe-elekthronikhi kuholele ekwandeni kwesidingo sokwenziwa kwe-PCB enesivinini esikhulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa obufaneleka kangcono izidingo ezibucayi ze-PCB, okuhlanganisa nesidingo sokunciphisa umsindo ongaphakathi ku-PCB. Umsindo ebhodini lesifunda eliphrintiwe yisici esiyinhloko esithinta ukusebenza kohlelo lonke. Le bhulogi igxila ezindleleni nasezindlela zokunciphisa umsindo wasebhodi ku-PCB esheshayo.

Imiklamo ye-PCB eqinisekisa ukuthi ukwethenjwa kokuthuthuka izoba nezinga eliphansi nomsindo wokuqokwa ebhodini ku-PCB. Idizayini ye-PCB yisigaba esikhulu esibucayi ekutholeni izinsizakalo zomhlangano we-PCB oqinile, ongenamsindo, nokusebenza okuphezulu, nokwakhiwa kwe-PCB sekuyinto ejwayelekile. Kuze kube manje, izinto ezibalulekile zifaka ukwakheka kwesekethe okusebenzayo, izingqinamba zokuxhuma izintambo, izingxenye zezinambuzane, ukuqaqa kanye namasu wokuqinisa ukwakhiwa kwe-PCB okusebenzayo. Owokuqala ukwakheka okubucayi kanye nendlela yokwenza izintambo – izingodo zomhlaba kanye nomsindo womhlabathi, i-strit capacitance, i-impedance yesekethe ephezulu, izintambo zokudlulisela kanye nezintambo ezifakiwe. Ngezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zejubane lesiginali esheshayo esifundeni,

Amasu wokuqamba okususa umsindo osesigabeni ku-PCB enejubane elikhulu

Umsindo ku-PCB ungathikameza ukusebenza kwe-PCB ngenxa yokuguquguquka kokushaywa ngamandla kwe-voltage nesimo samanje. Funda ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze ugweme amaphutha angasiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokuvimbela umsindo ovela ku-PCB enesivinini esikhulu.

L Yehlisa inkulumo-ze

I-Crosstalk iyinhlanganisela engasebenzi futhi ehlangana kagesi phakathi kwezintambo, izintambo, imihlangano yekhebula, nezinto ezihambisana nokusatshalaliswa kwensimu kagesi. I-Crosstalk incike kakhulu kumasu okuhambisa umzila. I-Crosstalk ayinakwenzeka ukuthi yenzeke lapho izintambo zihanjiswa eceleni. Uma izintambo zifana, i-crosstalk kungenzeka yenzeke uma izingxenye zingagcinwa zifushane. Ezinye izindlela zokugwema i-crosstalk ukwehlisa ukuphakama kwe-dielectric futhi kwandise isikhala phakathi kwezintambo.

L Ubuqotho bamandla esignali enamandla

Ochwepheshe bokudizayina be-PCB kufanele bacabangele ngokucophelela amasiginali namandla wobuqotho bamandla namakhono we-analog wemiklamo ye-PCB esheshayo. Okunye kokukhathazeka okuyinhloko kokuklanywa kwejubane le-SI ukukhethwa okulungile kwemigqa yokudlulisa yokwakhiwa kwe-PCB ngokususelwa kusivinini sesiginali esiqondile, umshayeli we-IC, nezinye izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zokwakha ezisiza ukugwema umsindo we-PCB onboard. Ijubane lesiginali liyashesha. Amandla obuqotho (PI) nayo iyingxenye ebalulekile yephrothokholi edingekayo ukusebenzisa imiklamo ye-PCB enejubane eyehlisa umsindo futhi igcine ukuzinza kwamandla kagesi ku-pad ye-chip.

L Vimbela izindawo zokushisela ezibandayo

Inqubo yokushisela engalungile ingaholela ezindaweni ezibandayo. Amalunga we-Cold solder angadala izinkinga njengokuvuleka okungajwayelekile, umsindo omile njalonjalo. Good! Ukuvimbela izinkinga ezinjalo, qiniseka ukuthi ushisa i-ayoni kahle ngokushisa okulungile. Ithiphu yethiphu yensimbi kufanele ibekwe esihlangwini se-solder ukuyifudumeza kahle ngaphambi kokufaka i-solder kujoyini le-solder. Uzobona ukuncibilika ezingeni lokushisa elifanele; I-solder imboza ngokuphelele ukujoyina. Ezinye izindlela zokwenza i-welding ibe lula ukusebenzisa i-flux.

L Yehlisa imisebe ye-PCB ukuze uzuze umklamo we-PCB onomsindo ophansi

Isakhiwo esine-laminated sezimbili zomugqa ezincikene kuyindlela ekahle yokuhlelwa kwesifunda ukugwema umsindo we-boardboard ku-PCB. Ezinye izimfuneko zokufeza idizayini ye-PCB enomsindo ophansi kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-PCB zifaka phakathi ithuba eliphansi lokuhlukana, ukwengezwa kochungechunge lwamatheminali resistors, ukusetshenziswa kwama-decoupling capacitor, ukuhlukaniswa kwezingqimba zomhlaba ze-analog nezedijithali, kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-I/O. izindawo kanye nokuvala ibhodi noma isignali ebhodini zifaneleka kahle ezidingweni ze-PCB enesivinini esiphezulu somsindo ophansi.

Ukuqalisa ngokugcwele wonke amasu angenhla nokugcina engqondweni izidingo ezithile zokwenza ngokwezifiso zanoma iyiphi iphrojekthi ye-PCB, cishe ukuklama i-PCB engenamsindo akuqinisekile. Ukuze sibe nezinketho ezanele zokuklama ukuthola i-PCB engenamsindo ekucacisweni kwe-EMS, yingakho siphakamise izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokugwema umsindo osebhodini ku-PCB enesivinini esikhulu.