Kamar yadda duk muka sani, ci gaba na ci gaba na kayan lantarki da fasahar kewaye, kololuwar fasahar injiniya a ƙira, haɓakawa da kera buga kewaye hukumar (PCB) ya shaidi mutane a duniya. Our planet is full of highly intelligent machines, automated robots and scientific marvels, and of course, there are plenty of PCBS in every corner of the planet, no matter what country or city it is. Koyaya, waɗannan PCBS sun bambanta a ayyuka, rikitarwa, farashin ƙira, inganci da aminci. Wannan labarin yana mai da hankali kan maki biyu na ƙarshe, inganci da amincin PCBS.

Ee, abokan ciniki masu yuwuwar koyaushe suna son kayan lantarki masu inganci, amma wannan yana da tsada sosai kuma yana iya haɗawa da hanyoyin masana’antu masu rikitarwa. A cikin hadaddun tsari na kera PCB, taro da gwaji, akwai wani muhimmin tsari da ake kira “rufi mai daidaituwa” na PCB. Wannan rufi mai daidaituwa yana da matukar mahimmanci a cikin PCBS dangane da inganci da aminci.

Menene rufi mai daidaituwa da mahimmancin sa:

Conforming coating, an ultra-thin protective coating of polymer film, can be used in conjunction with assemblies mounted on assembly surfaces to protect assembly leads, solder joints, exposed wiring, and other metal points on the PCB surface from corrosion, dust, or chemicals due to various operating or environmental conditions.

Rufin daidaiton zai iya zama mai kauri kamar microns 25 kuma “yayi daidai” da siffa da tsarin sassan allon kewaye. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, dalilin yin amfani da murfin daidaituwa zuwa farfajiya (saman da ƙasa) na PCB shine don kare PCB daga mummunan yanayin muhalli na waje, ta haka yana haɓaka rayuwar sabis na PCB da kayan aikin lantarki masu alaƙa.

Kamar matsanancin yanayin zafi da aka samu a masana’antu, masana’anta, da lantarki mai ƙarfi, waɗannan PCBS ɗin tare da sutura masu daidaituwa na iya jure matsanancin yanayin zafi. Hakanan, kayan lantarki da aka girka a yankuna/yankunan da ke kusa da teku ko teku na iya shafar matsanancin zafi, kamar kewayawa kayan aikin sojan ruwa na lantarki na iya fuskantar lalata/yashewa wanda zai iya haifar da iskar ƙarfe. Similarly, in microbiology laboratories and the medical industry, sensitive electronic equipment can be exposed to toxic chemicals, acidic and alkaline solvents that can accidentally spill onto a PCB, but the PCB’s “conformation coating” will protect the PCB and components from fatal injury.

Yadda za a yi amfani da abin rufe fuska?

In fact, the method of applying “conformal paint” in the right way is so important that careful consideration must be given to how conformal paint is applied. It is as important to choose suitable conformal coating materials.

Babban mahimman abubuwan da ke ƙayyade aikace -aikacen da ya dace na suturar da suka dace sune:

1- Kaurin launi

2- The level of coverage achieved

3- The degree of adhesion of paint to wood panels and their components.

There are five methods for applying conformal coatings:

1- Fenti da hannu tare da goga

2- Rufin Aerosol

3- Atomizing spray gun coating

4- Automatic dip coating

5- Automatic selection of coating

Hanyar maganin warkewa/bushewa:

Conformal coatings themselves can be classified according to the drying and curing methods used after conformal coatings are completed. These methods are:

1- Heat/heat curing: Conformal coating is dried at high temperature. Drying rate is much faster than normal room temperature drying/curing.

2- Condensation curing: Cikakken murfin PCB yana bushewa a zazzabi na yanayi, danshi a cikin yanayi yana rage jinkirin warkarwa ko bushewa.

3- ULTRAVIOLET (UV) curing: Here PCB with conformal coating is exposed to UV radiation. The uv energy determines the curing speed of PCB conformal coating

4- Maganin Oxidation: A cikin wannan hanyar, masu haɗa kayan PCB suna fuskantar yanayin sararin samaniya tare da isasshen iskar oxygen, wanda zai taimaka wajen bushewa/warkar da masu haɗa ƙarfi

5- Catalytic curing: This is the process of curing conformal coating in which two materials are fused together, one of which is conformal coating. Da zarar an haɗa murfin tare da sauran kayan kara kuzari, ba za a iya dakatar da aikin warkarwa ba har sai ya cika.

Classification of conformal coatings:

There are five main conformal coatings used: acrylic resin, epoxy resin, silicone, polyurethane (PU) and polyparaxylene coating.

L Acrylic resin (AAR):

Acrylics are ideal for (low-cost and high-volume) common electronics because AAR is inexpensive and can be easily applied to PCB surfaces by brush, dip, and manual or automatic spraying, reducing turnaround time and producing cost-effective products.

amfanin:

1 – low cost

2- Sauki don aikace-aikacen robot ko na hannu

3- Easy to rework

4- Kyakkyawan kariyar danshi

5- Good surface elasticity, can withstand static voltage discharge, and does not react with the atmosphere, therefore helps cure through solvent evaporation

disadvantages:

1- Due to the use of atmospheric curing/drying methods for this material, proper ventilation systems need to be ensured

2- Gyaran danko

3- Rashin juriya mai rauni da juriya na sinadarai

L Epoxy conformal coating (ER) :

Za’a iya kammala suturar da ta dace akan resins na epoxy ta goga hannu, fesawa ko tsomawa. Ana ba da shawarar fesawa don manyan juzu’i da ƙaramin ƙara ko PCBS samfuri.

amfanin:

1- High moisture resistance and good dielectric resistance

2- Excellent chemical resistance, abrasion resistance, moisture resistance and high temperatures up to 150 O C

disadvantages:

1-epoxy conformal paint is very hard and rigid and can damage PCB and its components if attempted peeling or removal. Cire murfin ta amfani da sauran ƙarfi mai ƙarfi

2- Rashin ƙarancin zafin zafin jiki

3- Yawan raguwar warkarwa

4- Suna da wuyar sakewa

L silikon guduro (OSR) conformal shafi:

The softest of the above two types of conformal coatings is silicone resin (OSR) conformal coatings. They are widely used in LED lamp PCBS without reducing light intensity or color change. Ideal for PCB installation at high humidity and exposure to air. Suitable for PCB with high operating temperature and high power

amfanin:

1- Kyakkyawan juriya na sinadarai, tsayin danshi, feshin gishiri da tsananin zafi har zuwa 200 OC

2- Good flexibility makes it resistant to vibration stress on PCB from external environment.

3- Ya dace da aikace-aikacen waje na PCB tare da tsananin zafi

A mummuna:

1- Kada a sanya sutura mai jurewa saboda kayan roba

2- Za a iya sake yin aiki, amma ba cikin sauƙi ba, yana buƙatar kaushi na musamman, lokutan soaking da motsawa kamar buroshi ko wanka na ultrasonic

3- Low mechanical strength, weak adhesion to PCB substrate

L polyurethane (PU) rufi mai daidaituwa:

Ya dace da aikace -aikacen PCB a cikin motoci, masana’antu, kayan aiki da sadarwa. A cikin sararin samaniya, musamman, iskar gas tana ci gaba da karo da babban kayan aikin lantarki don haka yana shiga cikin ciki kuma yana shafar hukumar PCB.

amfanin:

1- High resistance to moisture, chemicals (acid and alkali) and wear

disadvantages:

1- Bayan lokaci mai tsawo na cikakken aikin warkarwa, yana karkata zuwa rawaya a yanayin zafi saboda babban abun cikin VOC

2- Kamar siliki, ba abu bane mai sauki cire gaba daya

L polyparaxylene conformal coating:

This type of coating is suitable for avionics, microelectronics, sensors, high-frequency circuits, and densely populated PCB-based components. It is applied by means of vapor deposition.

amfanin:

1- Excellent dielectric strength

2- High resistance to moisture, solvents, extreme temperatures and acid corrosion

3- Can be applied evenly with very thin paint.

disadvantages:

1- Rabawa/sake yin aiki yana da wahala sosai

2- Babban farashi shine babban koma baya.