Iyo yekubatana kwedunhu bhodhi system inosanganisira chip-to-redunhu bhodhi, kubatana mukati PCB nekubatana pakati pePCB nemidziyo yekunze. Mukugadzirwa kweRF, hunhu hwemagetsi emagetsi panzvimbo yekubatana ndeimwe yematambudziko makuru anotarisana neinjiniya dhizaini. Iri bepa rinounza matekinoroji akasiyana-siyana eaya matatu ari pamusoro dhizaini yekubatanidza dhizaini, kusanganisira nzira dzekumisikidza michina, kupatsanura wiring uye matanho ekuderedza kutungamira kwekutungamira.

Kune zviratidzo zvekuti akadhindwa wedunhu mabhodhi ari kugadzirwa nekuwedzera kuwanda. Sezvo mwero yedhata ichiramba ichiwedzera, iyo bandwidth inodikanwa yekufambisa dhata zvakare inosundira iyo frequency frequency siringi kune 1GHz kana kumusoro. Iyi yepamusoro tekinoroji tekinoroji tekinoroji, kunyangwe iri kure kupfuura millimeter wave tekinoroji (30GHz), inosanganisira RF uye yakaderera-kumagumo microwave tekinoroji.

RF mainjiniya dhizaini nzira dzinogona kukwanisa kubata akasimba magetsi emagetsi mhedzisiro mhedzisiro ayo anowanzo kugadzirwa kumatunhu akakwirira. Aya magetsi emagetsi anokwanisa kukonzera masaini ari pedyo nemitsetse yemasaini kana mitsetse yePBB, zvichikonzera crosstalk isingadiwe (kupindirana neruzha ruzere) nekukuvadza mashandiro ehurongwa. Kudzorera kumashure kunonyanya kukonzerwa ne impedance mismatch, iyo ine maitiro akafanana pane iyo chiratidzo sekuwedzera ruzha uye kupindira.

Kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kudzora kune mbiri dzakashata mhedzisiro: 1. Chiratidzo chakaratidzirwa kudzoka kunongedzo sosi ichawedzera ruzha rwechirongwa, zvichiita kuti zviwedzere kuomera iye anogamuchira kusiyanisa ruzha kubva kuchiratidzo; 2. 2. Chero chiratidzo chinoratidzirwa chinodzikisira mhando yechiratidzo nekuti chimiro chechiratidzo chekuisa chinoshanduka.

Kunyangwe dhijitari masisitimu ane mhosva kwazvo anoshivirira nekuti anongobata ne1 uye 0 zviratidzo, maamoni anogadzirwa kana kupomba kuri kukwira nekumhanya kwakanyanya kunoita kuti siginecha ive isina kusimba pamatanho epamusoro. Kunyangwe kumberi kukanganisa kururamisa kunogona kubvisa zvimwe zvakashata mhedzisiro, chikamu cheiyo system bandwidth inoshandiswa kuendesa yakawandisa dhata, zvichikonzera kuita kwekuita. Mhinduro irinani ndeyekuva neRF mhedzisiro iyo inobatsira pane kudzikamisa chiratidzo kubva pachiratidzo. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti kurasikirwa kwese kudzoka pahuwandu hwepamusoro hweiyo dhijitari system (kazhinji isina kunaka dhata poindi) ive -25dB, yakaenzana neVSWR ye1.1.

Pcb dhizaini inovavarira kuve idiki, inokurumidza uye isingadhuri. Kune RF PCBS, akakwenya-kumhanya anonongedzera dzimwe nguva anotapudza iyo miniaturization yePCB dhizaini. Parizvino, nzira huru yekugadzirisa dambudziko rekutaura-kwepasi manejimendi manejimendi, kupatsanurana pakati pewiring uye kudzora kutungamira inductance. Iyo huru nzira yekudzora kudzoka kurasikirwa ndeye impedance inoenderana. Iyi nzira inosanganisira inoshanda manejimendi yezvinhu zvekudzivirira uye kusarudzika kwemitsara yemasaini anoshanda uye mitsara yepasi, kunyanya pakati penzvimbo yetambo yechiratidzo nepasi.

Nekuti iyo yekudyidzana ndiyo isina kusimba chinongedzo muketani cheni, muRF dhizaini, magetsi emagetsi epanzvimbo yekubatanidza ndiyo dambudziko rakakura rakatarisana neinjiniya dhizaini, yega yekubatanidza poindi inofanirwa kuferefetwa uye matambudziko aripo agadziriswa. Circuit board kubatanidza kunosanganisira chip-to-redunhu bhodhi kusangana, pcb yekubatana uye chiratidzo chekupinza / kuburitsa kubatana pakati pePCB neyekunze zvishandiso.

Kupindirana pakati pechip uye pcb board

Iyo PenTIum IV uye yekumhanya-mhanya machipisi ane huwandu hukuru hwekupinza / kuburitsa kwekubatana zvave kutowanikwa. Kana iri chip pachayo, mashandiro ayo akavimbika, uye iyo yekugadzirisa chiyero chakakwanisa kusvika 1GHz. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kufadza zveiyo ichangopfuura GHz Interconnect symposium (www.az.ww. Com) ndeyekuti nzira dzekutarisana nevhoriyamu iri kuwedzera uye kuwanda kweI / O zvinozivikanwa. Dambudziko guru rekubatana pakati pechip uye pcb ndeyekuti huwandu hwekubatana hwakanyanya. Mhinduro nyowani yakapihwa iyo inoshandisa yemuno isina waya transmitter mukati mechip kuendesa data kune iri padunhu bhodhi.

Kunyangwe mhinduro iyi ichishanda kana kwete, zvaive pachena kune vaipinda kuti IC dhizaini tekinoroji iri kumberi kwePCB dhizaini tekinoroji ye hf kunyorera.

Pcb inobatanidza

Iwo maitiro uye nzira dzeiyo hf pcb dhizaini ndeinotevera:

1. 45 ° Angle inofanira kushandiswa kune kona yekufambisa kona kudzikisa kurasikirwa kwekudzoka (FIG. 1);

2 kuputira kunogara kuchikosha zvinoenderana nedanho rekunyatso kudzora yepamusoro-kuita insulating wedunhu bhodhi. Iyi nzira inobatsira pakubata zvine mutsindo kwema electromagnetic field pakati pekudzivirira zvinhu uye padhuze newiring.

3.PBB dhizaini magadzirirwo emhando yepamusoro etching inofanirwa kuvandudzwa. Funga kudoma huwandu hwakazara hwemitsara upamhi hwe +/- 0.0007 inches, kutonga pasi pemuchinjikwa uye muchinjikwa zvikamu zvewiring maumbirwo uye kudoma wiring yemadziro madziro mamiriro. Kwose manejimendi manejimendi wiring (waya) geometry uye nzvimbo dzekumhara zvakakosha kugadzirisa mhedzisiro yeganda inoenderana neye microwave frequency uye kuita izvi zvinongedzo.

4. Kune tapuro inductance mune yakabuda inotungamira. Dzivisa kushandisa zvinhu zvine lead. Kune akakwirira frequency nharaunda, zvakanakisa kushandisa nzvimbo dzakakwidzwa pamusoro.

5. Nechiratidzo kuburikidza nemakomba, dzivisa kushandisa iyo PTH maitiro pane yakaoma ndiro, sezvo maitiro aya anogona kukonzera lead inductance pane iyo kuburikidza gomba.

6. Ipa yakawanda ivhu matanda. Makomba akaumbwa anoshandiswa kubatanidza aya matseji ekudzivirira masendimita emagetsi emagetsi kubva mukukanganisa bhodhi redunhu.

7. Kusarudza isiri-electrolysis nickel yakanamirwa pamvura kana kunyudza muitiro wegoridhe, usashandise HASL nzira yekupaka. Iyi electroplated pamusoro inopa nani ganda kuitika kweiyo yepamusoro-frequency masaisai (Mufananidzo 2). Uye zvakare, iyi yekunamatira yakasungirirwa inoda mashoma anotungamira, zvichibatsira kudzora kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.

8. Solder resistance layer inogona kudzivirira pasoda pasoda kubva kuyerera. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekusava nechokwadi kweukobvu uye kusazivikanwa kwekudzivirira mashandiro, kufukidza iyo yese ndiro pamusoro neiyo solder yekudzivirira zvinhu zvinotungamira kuchinjiro hombe mumagetsi emagetsi mu microstrip dhizaini. Kazhinji, solder dhamu rinoshandiswa seye solder kuramba rukoko.

Kana iwe usiri kujairana neidzi nzira, bvunza ane ruzivo dhizaini injinjini akashanda pane microwave wedunhu mabhodhi euto. Iwe unogona zvakare kukurukura navo kuti ndeupi mutengo renji iwe waunogona kutenga. Semuenzaniso, zvinowedzera mari kushandisa mhangura-yakatsigirwa coplanar microstrip dhizaini pane dhizaini dhizaini. Kurukura izvi navo kuti uwane zano riri nani. Mainjiniya akanaka anogona kunge asina kujaira kufunga nezve mutengo, asi kuraira kwavo kunogona kubatsira. Ichave iri basa renguva refu kudzidzisa mainjiniya madiki asingazive neRF mhedzisiro uye kushaya ruzivo mukubata neRF mhedzisiro.

Uye zvakare, dzimwe mhinduro dzinogona kutorwa, senge kuvandudza komputa modhi kuti ikwanise kubata maRF mhedzisiro.

Pcb inobatana nemidziyo yekunze

Isu tinogona ikozvino kufunga kuti tagadzirisa ese mamatambudziko manejimendi manejimendi pabhodhi uye nekubatana kwezvinhu zvakasangana. Saka unogadzirisa sei chinongedzo chekuisa / chekuburitsa chinetso kubva kudunhu redunhu kuenda kune iyo tambo inobatanidza mudziyo uri kure? Trompeter Electronics, mutsva mucoaxial cable technology, iri kushanda padambudziko iri uye yaita fambiro mberi inokosha (Mufananidzo 3). Zvakare, tarisa pamunda wemagetsi unoratidzwa muMufananidzo 4 pazasi. Mune ino kesi, isu tinogadzirisa shanduko kubva ku microstrip kuenda kune coaxial tambo. Mune tambo dzakaunganidzwa, zvidimbu zvepasi zvakapindirana mumhete uye zvakaenzana zvakapatsanurwa. Mune ma microbelts, hwaro hwevhu huri pasi pemutsara unoshanda. Izvi zvinounza mimwe mhedzisiro mhedzisiro inoda kunzwisiswa, kufanotaurwa, uye kutariswa panguva yekugadzira. Ehezve, kusarongeka uku kunogona zvakare kutungamira mukudzokera kumashure uye kunofanirwa kudzikiswa kudzivirira ruzha uye kupindirana kwemasaini.

Iwo manejimendi wedambudziko remukati remhedzisiro harisi dambudziko dhizaini iro rinogona kufuratirwa. Iyo impedance inotangira pamusoro penzvimbo yebhodhi redunhu, inodarika nepakati peiyo solder mubatanidzwa, uye inopera pane iyo coaxial tambo. Nekuti impedance inosiyana ne frequency, iyo yakakwira iyo frequency, iyo yakanyanya kuoma impedance manejimendi iri. Dambudziko rekushandisa akakwirisa masaiti kutepfenyura masaini pamusoro pebandband rinoita kunge riri dambudziko hombe rekugadzira.

Bepa iri rinopfupikisa

Pcb chikuva tekinoroji inoda kuenderera kuvandudzwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zveIC vagadziri. Hf chiratidzo manejimendi muPCB dhizaini uye chiratidzo chekupinza / kuburitsa manejimendi pane pcb bhodhi inoda kuenderera kuvandudza. Chero zvipi zvitsva zvinonakidza zviri kuuya, ndinofunga bandwidth iri kuenda kuzokwira nekukwirisa, uye kushandisa yakakwira frequency masaiti ichave iri kudikanwa kwekukura ikoko.