Unxibelelwano lwenkqubo yebhodi yesekethe ibandakanya ibhodi ye-chip-to-circuit, unxibelelwano ngaphakathi PCB nokunxibelelana phakathi kwePCB kunye nezixhobo zangaphandle. Kuyilo lweRF, iimpawu zombane kwindawo yokudibanisa yenye yeengxaki eziphambili ezijamelene noyilo lobunjineli. Eli phepha lazisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwezi ndidi zintathu zingasentla zoyilo lokunxibelelana, kubandakanya neendlela zokufaka isixhobo, ukubekwa wedwa kweengcingo kunye namanyathelo okunciphisa ukungafakwanga.

Kukho imiqondiso yokuba iibhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo ziyilelwe ngokwanda rhoqo. Njengoko amaxabiso edatha eqhubeka nokwanda, ibhendi efunekayo yokuhanjiswa kwedatha ikwatyhalela kwisilingi yomgama ukuya kwi-1GHz okanye ngaphezulu. Le teknoloji yesignali ephezulu, nangona ingaphaya kwetekhnoloji ye-millimeter wave (30GHz), ibandakanya i-RF kunye netekhnoloji ye-microwave esezantsi.

Iindlela zokuyila zobunjineli zeRF kufuneka zikwazi ukusingatha iimpembelelo zamandla ombane ezisebenza ngombane eziqhele ukwenziwa kumaza aphezulu. La macandelo ombane anokubangela imiqondiso kwimigca yeempawu ezikufutshane okanye kwimigca yePCB, ebangela ukungathandeki (ukuphazamiseka nengxolo iyonke) kunye nokwenzakala kwenkqubo. Ukubuyela umva ikakhulu kubangelwa kukungalungelelani okungafunekiyo, okunesiphumo esifanayo kumqondiso njengengxolo eyongeziweyo kunye nokuphazamiseka.

Ilahleko yokubuya okuphezulu ineempembelelo ezimbini ezimbi: 1. Isiginali ebonakaliswe umva kumthombo wesiginali iya kwandisa ingxolo yenkqubo, yenze kube nzima ngakumbi kumamkeli ukwahlula ingxolo kumqondiso; 2. 2. Nawuphi na umqondiso obonakalisiweyo uya kuwuthoba umgangatho wesiginali ngenxa yokuba ubume bemiqondiso yegalelo buyatshintsha.

Nangona iinkqubo zedijithali zinganyamezeli iimpazamo kuba zijongana kuphela nomqondiso we-1 kunye no-0, iiharmonics ezivelisiweyo xa ukubetha kwentliziyo kukhula ngesantya esiphezulu kubangela ukuba umqondiso ube buthathaka kumaza aphezulu. Nangona ukulungiswa kwempazamo phambili kunokususa ezinye zeziphumo ezibi, inxenye yendlela ye-bandwidth isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa idatha engafunekiyo, ekhokelela ekonakaleni kokusebenza. Isisombululo esingcono kukuba sibe neziphumo zeRF ezinceda endaweni yokuphazamisa ukuthembeka komqondiso. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ilahleko iyonke yokubuya kwelona qondo liphezulu lenkqubo yedijithali (ihlala iyindawo yedatha engalunganga) ibe -25dB, elingana ne-VSWR ka-1.1.

Uyilo lwe-PCB lujolise ekubeni lincinci, ngokukhawuleza kwaye kungabizi kakhulu. Kwi-RF PCBS, imiqondiso yesantya esiphezulu ngamanye amaxesha inciphisa ukuthathwa kancinci kwe-PCB yoyilo. Okwangoku, eyona ndlela iphambili yokusombulula ingxaki yokunxibelelana ngokungagungqiyo kukulawulwa komhlaba, isithuba phakathi kweentambo kunye nokunciphisa ukungafakwanga. Eyona ndlela iphambili yokunciphisa ilahleko yokubuyisa kukuhambelana kwe-impedance. Le ndlela ibandakanya ulawulo olusebenzayo lwezixhobo zokugquma kunye nokubekwa ecaleni kwemigca yesiginali esisebenzayo kunye nemigca yomhlaba, ngakumbi phakathi kwesimo somgca womqondiso kunye nomhlaba.

Ngenxa yokuba unxibelelwano lolona buthathaka lubuthathaka kwityathanga lesekethe, kuyilo lweRF, iipropathi zombane zenqaku lokudibana yeyona ngxaki iphambili ejongene noyilo lobunjineli, indawo nganye yokunxibelelana kufuneka iphandwe kwaye kusonjululwe iingxaki ezikhoyo. Ukunxibelelana kwebhodi yesekethe kubandakanya uqhagamshelo lwebhodi yeesekethe, uqhagamshelo lwe-PCB kunye nokunxibelelana kwegalelo / ukuphuma konxibelelwano phakathi kwePCB kunye nezixhobo zangaphandle.

Unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-chip kunye nebhodi ye-PCB

I-PenTIum IV kunye neetshipsi ezikhawulezayo ezinenani elikhulu lokunxibelelana / ukuphuma konxibelelwano sele zikhona. Ngokuphathelele i-chip ngokwayo, ukusebenza kwayo kunokuthenjwa, kwaye inqanaba lokuqhubekeka likwazi ukufikelela kwi-1GHz. Enye yezona zinto zibangela umdla kule ngqungquthela ye-GHz Interconnect yangoku (www.az.ww. Com) kukuba ezo ndlela zijongane nokunyuka kwevolumu kunye nokuhamba rhoqo kwe-I / O kuyaziwa. Ingxaki ephambili yokunxibelelana phakathi kwe-chip kunye ne-PCB kukuba uxinano lokunxibelelana luphezulu kakhulu. Isisombululo esitsha saziswa esisebenzisa isixhobo sokuhambisa ngaphandle kwamacingo ngaphakathi kwi-chip ukuhambisa idatha kwibhodi yesekethe ekufuphi.

Nokuba esi sisombululo siyasebenza okanye akunjalo, bekucaca kwabo bezimeleyo ukuba itekhnoloji yoyilo lwe-IC ikude kakhulu kwitekhnoloji yoyilo lwe-PCB yezicelo ze-hf.

Unxibelelwano lwePCB

Ubuchule kunye neendlela zoyilo lwe-hf PCB zezi zilandelayo:

1. I-Angle ye-45 ° kufuneka isetyenziselwe ikona yomgca wokuhambisa ukunciphisa ilahleko yokubuya (UMZEKELO 1);

2 ixabiso yokwambathisa rhoqo ngokwenqanaba lokulawula ngokungqongqo ukusebenza kweebhodi zesekethe. Le ndlela iluncedo kulawulo olusebenzayo lwentsimi ye-electromagnetic phakathi kwezinto zokwambathisa kunye nokufaka iintambo ezikufutshane.

3.Iimpawu zokuyilwa kwe-PCB zokuchaneka kokuchaneka okuphezulu kufuneka ziphuculwe. Cinga ngokukhankanya impazamo yomgca opheleleyo we +/- 0.0007 intshi, ukulawula ngaphantsi kunye nokuwela amacandelo eemilo zentambo kunye nokuchaza iimeko zodonga lwecala elisecaleni. Ulawulo ngokubanzi lweentambo (iingcingo) zejiyometri kunye neendawo zokutyabeka kubalulekile ukujongana neziphumo zolusu ezinxulumene nokuhamba rhoqo kwemicrowave kunye nokuphumeza ezi nkcukacha.

4. Kukho ukukhutshwa kwempompo kwimikhombandlela ebonakalayo. Gwema ukusebenzisa izinto ezinesikhokelo. Kwimimandla enesantya esiphakamileyo, kungcono ukusebenzisa izinto ezinyusiweyo zomhlaba.

5. Ukwenza uphawu ngemingxunya, kunqande ukusebenzisa inkqubo ye-PTH kwipleyiti ebuthathaka, njengoko le nkqubo inokubangela inductance emngxunyeni.

6. Bonelela ngemiqolo emininzi yomhlaba. Imingxunya ebunjiweyo isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa le mihlaba yokuthintela ukuthintela amasimi e-electromagnetic angachaphazeleki kwibhodi yesekethe.

7. Ukukhetha i-non-electrolysis nickel plating okanye inkqubo yokuntywila yegolide, sukusebenzisa indlela ye-HASL. Lo mhlaba we-electroplated ubonelela ngesiphumo esingcono sesikhumba samaza e-frequency ephezulu (Umzobo 2). Ukongeza, ukutyabeka oku welding kakhulu kufuna izikhokelo ezimbalwa, ukunceda ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.

8. Umaleko wokumelana nesolder unokuthintela ukunamathisela i-solder ekuphumeni. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokungaqiniseki kokuqina kunye nokusebenza okungaziwayo kokugquma, ukugubungela yonke ipleyiti ngezinto zokumelana ne-solder kuya kukhokelela kutshintsho olukhulu kumandla ombane kuyilo lwe-microstrip. Ngokubanzi, idama le-solder lisetyenziswa njengomaleko wokumelana ne-solder.

Ukuba awuqhelananga nezi ndlela, nxibelelana neenjineli ezinamava ezisebenze kwiibhodi zesekethe zemicrowave zomkhosi. Unokuxoxa nabo ngoluphi uluhlu lwamaxabiso onokulufikelela. Umzekelo, kuqoqosho ngakumbi ukusebenzisa uyilo oluxhaswa yicoplanar microstrip kuyilo loyilo. Xoxa ngale nto kunye nabo ukufumana umbono ongcono. Iinjineli ezilungileyo zinokungasetyenziselwa ukucinga ngeendleko, kodwa ingcebiso yazo inokuba luncedo kakhulu. Iya kuba ngumsebenzi wexesha elide ukuqeqesha iinjineli ezincinci ezingazazi iziphumo zeRF kunye nokuswela amava okujongana nefuthe leRF.

Ukongeza, ezinye izisombululo zinokwamkelwa, ezinje ngokuphucula imodeli yekhompyuter ukuze ikwazi ukujongana neziphumo zeRF.

Ukunxibelelana kwePCB kunye nezixhobo zangaphandle

Singacinga ukuba sisombulule zonke iingxaki kulawulo lweempawu ebhodini nakunxibelelaniso lwezinto ezingaqondakaliyo. Ke uyisombulula njani ingxaki yegalelo / yemveliso evela kwibhodi yesekethe ukuya kwintambo edibanisa isixhobo esikude? I-Trompeter Electronics, umvelisi kwitekhnoloji ye-coaxial cable, uyasebenza kule ngxaki kwaye wenze inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo (Umzobo 3). Kwakhona jonga indawo ye-electromagnetic eboniswe kumzobo 4 apha ngezantsi. Kule meko, silawula uguqulo ukusuka kwi-microstrip ukuya kwintambo ye-coaxial. Kwiintambo ze-coaxial, umaleko womhlaba ungqinelana kwiiringi kwaye ngokulinganayo zahlulwe. Kwii-microbelts, umaleko womgangatho ungaphantsi komgca osebenzayo. Oku kwazisa iziphumo ezithile zomphetho ezifuna ukuqondwa, ukuxelwa kwangaphambili, kunye nokuqwalaselwa ngexesha loyilo. Ewe kunjalo, oku kungahambelani kunokukhokelela ekubuyiseleni umva kwaye kufuneka kuncitshiswe ukunqanda ingxolo kunye nokuphazamiseka komqondiso.

Ulawulo lwengxaki yangaphakathi yokungenisa ayisiyongxaki yoyilo enokungahoywa. I-impedance iqala kumphezulu webhodi yesekethe, idlula ngokudibeneyo kwi-joint, kwaye iphele kwikhebula le-coaxial. Ngenxa yokuba i-impedance iyahluka rhoqo, kokukhona iphindaphindeka, eyona nto inzima kulawulo lwe-impedance. Ingxaki yokusebenzisa amaza aphakamileyo ukuhambisa imiqondiso kwibhanti ebanzi yeyona ngxaki iphambili yoyilo.

Eli phepha lishwankathela

Itekhnoloji yeqonga lePCB ifuna ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo ukufezekisa iimfuno zabaqulunqi be-IC. Ulawulo lweempawu ze-Hf kuyilo lwe-PCB kunye nolawulo lwegalelo / imveliso kwibhodi ye-PCB ifuna ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo. Nokuba yeyiphi into emnandi eza nokuza, ndicinga ukuba umda wendlela oya kuwo uza kunyuka uye phezulu, kwaye ukusebenzisa imiqondiso yokuhamba rhoqo kuya kuba yinto eyimfuneko kolo khula.