A PCB or bọọdụ sekit biri ebi na -emepụta okpomọkụ mgbe ọkụ eletrik na -agafe na ya. Enweghị mkpuchi dị mma, okpomọkụ a nwere ike bute nnukwu nsogbu maka PCBS.

Kedu ihe kpatara PCBS ji achọ mkpuchi?

Tupu ị ghọta mkpuchi mkpuchi PCB, ị ga -aghọtarịrị: Gịnị bụ PCB?

PCBS, or printed circuit boards, are small green squares with copper sheets (but also in other colors). It can be found in almost any electronic device! Mbadamba sekit e biri ebi na -enyere ngwaọrụ eletrọnịka aka ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma, na -eme ka ha bụrụ akụkụ dị mkpa mana anaghị ahụ anya na ndụ kwa ụbọchị. Na -enweghị ha, kọmputa, ekwentị, telivishọn na elektrọnik agaghị arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ dịrị.

Ọdụdọ dị ike maka PCB. PCBS contain printed copper wires, so they naturally conduct electricity. Agbanyeghị, ngwa eletriki nwere ike bute ihe egwu ma ọ bụrụ na etinyeghị ya n’ụlọ na-anaghị enye ọkụ ma ọ bụ nwee oke ọkụ. Ekwesịrị ịdebe PCB iji gbochie nchara ọla kọpa na ibelata ihe mberede na ihe omume. Proper insulation can help prevent the PCB from overheating or exploding.

There are several ways to isolate a PCB. There are several common insulation materials, but the exact type of insulation usually depends on the application of the PCB design.

Photo source: pixabay

PCB mkpuchi ihe

A na-etolitekarị ihe mkpuchi PCB dị ka ihe na-anaghị arụ ọrụ nke enwere ike jikọta ya n’ọtụtụ ọkwa iji mee ka mmiri na-aga n’ụzọ ziri ezi site na bọọdụ sekit niile. PCBS dị mfe nwere ike ịbụ otu akụkụ ma ọ bụ otu akwa. Complex PCBS, such as those used for high-speed digital communications, may contain more than two dozen layers.

PCB insulation calculator can help you determine creepage distance and electrical clearance, which will be the determining factor in the exact type and quantity of insulation material. Anya wara wara bụ nke kacha nso n’etiti akụkụ conductive, na mkpochapụ bụ ihe ikuku kewara ekewa karịa mkpụrụ. Ịghọta ịdị na -agagharị agagharị na mkpocha ọkụ eletrik dị mkpa maka ịgbakọ mkpuchi PCB.

Ndị na-emepụta PCB nwere ike họrọ iji ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche maka mkpuchi, site na plastik dị ọnụ ala dịka FR-2 ruo ọla ndị siri ike dịka aluminom. The insulating material of a PCB usually determines its use. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, PCB n’ime ihe ụmụaka ji egwuri egwu elektrọnik dị ọnụ ala agaghị achọ otu mkpuchi dị ka PCB na satịlaịtị.

Iji ghọta nke ọma ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi PCB na ihe mkpuchi, ka anyị nyochaa ụdị ise mkpuchi mkpuchi PCB.

FR-2

Fr-2 bụ nhọrọ laminate ire ọkụ dị ala. It is made from a composite of paper and plasticized phenolic resin, making it light and durable. Ogwe sekit nwere akụkụ nwere ihu na-ejikarị ihe a eme ihe. FR-2 enweghị halogen na hydrophobic na enwere ike ịpị ya ma ọ bụ kpaa ya ngwa ngwa. FR-2 bụ otu n’ime nhọrọ dị ọnụ ala maka mkpuchi PCB yana ọ bụ nhọrọ a na-ahụkarị maka ụlọ ọrụ na-eme elektrọnịkị ndị ahịa nwere ike ịtụfu.

FR-4

Fr-4 bụ nhọrọ laminate ire ọkụ dị elu. Ọ bụ ihe mejupụtara nke ejiri fiberglass kpara akwa ma na-ejikarị ya arụpụta PCBS nwere ihu abụọ na ọtụtụ akwa. FR-4 nwere ike iguzogide okpomoku dị elu na nrụgide anụ ahụ karịa FR-2. Ọ bụkwa ihe dị ọnụ ala, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nhọrọ a ma ama maka ndị na-emepụta ngwa elektrọnịkị ahịa dị elu. A naghị eme FR-4 ngwa ngwa, na-achọ igwe igwe, stampụ ma ọ bụ ngwaọrụ carbide tungsten.

Ugboro ugboro redio (rf)

Emebere mkpụrụedemede RF iji nye PCBS ohere ịrụ ọrụ na ngwa site n’iji nnukwu ike RF na ngwa ndakwa nri. A na -ejikarị mkpụrụ osisi RF maka PCBS arụnyere na ngwa elektrọnik ndị agha, avionics na avionics. Ọ dị mkpa iburu n’uche, agbanyeghị, na ụfọdụ ngwaahịa elektrọnik nke ndị ahịa nwere ụdị mkpụrụ a. Plastik nke mejupụtara mkpụrụ RF anaghị emepụta ọtụtụ mkpuchi ma rụọ ọrụ nke ọma maka ọrụ nke imepụta nnukwu mmiri iyi. RF na microwave PCBS na -enwekarị naanị otu ma ọ bụ abụọ.

mgbanwe

Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ bọọdụ sekit e biri ebi dị larịị ma sie ike, enwere PCBS ọhụrụ nwere ike gbagọrọ agbagọ n’ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ n’akụkụ ọ bụla. Okirikiri sekit na -agbanwe agbanwe chọrọ ụdị mkpuchi mana yiri ya. A na -ejikarị okirikiri na -agbanwe agbanwe ejiri mkpuchi mkpuchi PCB kpuchie ya, na mgbakwunye ihe nkiri plastik bụ nhọrọ a ma ama. Okirikiri okirikiri na -achọ mkpuchi mkpuchi PCB dị gịrịgịrị, nke siri ike ka ha wee nwee ike ịgagharị n’enweghị nsogbu ma dabara na oghere ndị siri ike.

metal

Nhọrọ nke igwe dị ka insulator nwere ike iyi ihe ijuanya. Ọla na -abụkarị ihe na -enye ọkụ eletrik, na ndakọrịta mberede nwere ike ime ka PCB daa, gbaa ọkụ ma ọ bụ gbazee. However, in some cases, a PCB with a metal substrate may be more advantageous. Metal bụ ezigbo onye na -eduzi okpomọkụ ma nwee ike iguzogide nnukwu ebili mmiri na -enweghị agbaji ma ọ bụ ọkụ. PCBS arụnyere na ngwa eletriki na -ere ọkụ nke na -eri oke ike nwere ike ịchọ ka ihe igwe rụọ ọrụ nke ọma.

Mmetụta ụlọ ọrụ

Iji gbochie PCB ikpo oke ọkụ, ịnweta ọkụ, ma ọ bụ ọkụ, ọ ga -enwerịrị mkpuchi nke ọma. The type of insulation corresponds to the type of use provided by the PCB.

PCB elektrọnik nke ebum n’uche dabara adaba maka iji mkpụrụ osisi FR-2 ma ọ bụ FR-4 dị mfe ma dị ọnụ ala karịa. Mpekere RF dabara adaba maka ngwa metụtara RF dị elu.

Mgbanwe na -agbanwe agbanwe dị ka plastik dabara nke ọma iji gboo mkpa mkpuchi nke bọọdụ sekit na -agbanwe agbanwe. N’aka nke ọzọ, ọla bụ ezigbo ndị na -eduzi okpomoku ka ha na -eme ka elektrọn ike dị jụụ.