A PCB or pirinty boribory pirinty mamoaka hafanana rehefa misy onja elektrika mikoriana mamakivaky azy. Raha tsy misy insulation mety dia miteraka olana lehibe amin’ny PCBS ity hafanana ity.

Fa maninona PCBS no mila insulate?

Alohan’ny hahafantaranao ny insulation PCB dia tsy maintsy takatrao hoe: Inona ny PCB?

PCBS, or printed circuit boards, are small green squares with copper sheets (but also in other colors). It can be found in almost any electronic device! Ny takelaka fanaovana pirinty vita pirinty dia ahafahan’ny fitaovana elektronika miasa tsara, mahatonga azy ireo ho ampahany lehibe nefa tsy hita maso amin’ny fiainana andavanandro. Raha tsy misy azy ireo dia tsy mandeha na misy ny solosaina, telefaona, televiziona ary elektronika.

Ny herinaratra dia mahery vaika amin’ny PCB. PCBS contain printed copper wires, so they naturally conduct electricity. Na izany aza, ny singa elektrika dia mety hampidi-doza raha tsy tafiditra ao anaty trano tsy mitarika na lasa mafana loatra. Ny PCB dia tsy maintsy atao insulated mba hisorohana ny harafesin’ny varahina ary hampihena ny fifandraisana tsy nahy amin’ny fitaovana fitarihana. Proper insulation can help prevent the PCB from overheating or exploding.

There are several ways to isolate a PCB. There are several common insulation materials, but the exact type of insulation usually depends on the application of the PCB design.

Photo source: pixabay

PCB insulate fitaovana

Ny fitaovana fanamafisana PCB mahazatra dia matetika no noforonina ho toy ny substrat tsy conductive izay azo atambatra amina sosona marobe mba ahafahan’ny riaka mikoriana tsara amin’ny alàlan’ny tabilao manontolo. PCBS tsotra kokoa dia mety ho lafiny iray na sosona tokana. Complex PCBS, such as those used for high-speed digital communications, may contain more than two dozen layers.

PCB insulation calculator can help you determine creepage distance and electrical clearance, which will be the determining factor in the exact type and quantity of insulation material. Ny elanelan’ny Creepage no elanelana kely indrindra eo amin’ny faritra fitondra-tena, ary ny fahazoan-dàlana no singa nosarahan’ny rivotra fa tsy ny substrate. Ny fahazoana ny halaviran’ny creepage sy ny fahazoan-dàlana elektrika dia ilaina amin’ny fikajiana ny insulation PCB.

Ny mpanamboatra PCB dia afaka misafidy ny hampiasa fitaovana isan-karazany amin’ny insulation, manomboka amin’ny plastika tsy lafo toa ny FR-2 ka hatramin’ny metaly goaka toa ny aliminioma. The insulating material of a PCB usually determines its use. Ohatra, ny PCB amin’ny kilalao elektronika vita mora dia tsy mila karazana insulation mitovy amin’ny PCB amin’ny satelita.

Mba hahalalana bebe kokoa ny fitrandrahana PCB sy ny fitaovana insulation, andao hizaha ireo endrika dimy mahazatra an’ny insulated PCB.

FR-2

Fr-2 dia safidy laminate misy lamina mirehitra ambany. It is made from a composite of paper and plasticized phenolic resin, making it light and durable. Ny takelaka boribory tokana matetika dia mampiasa an’ity fitaovana ity. Ny FR-2 dia tsy misy halogen sy hydrophobic ary azo tsindriana na haorina mora foana. Ny FR-2 dia iray amin’ireo safidy mora indrindra amin’ny insulgar PCB ary safidy iraisan’ny orinasa manao elektronika mpanjifa fanary.

FR-4

Fr-4 dia safidy laminate mandroso mirehitra mandroso. Izy io dia fitaovana mitambatra vita amin’ny lamba vita amin’ny tenona fiberglass ary matetika ampiasaina amin’ny fanamboarana PCBS misy lafiny roa sy maro sosona. Ny FR-4 dia mahazaka ny mari-pana avo kokoa sy ny faneriterena ara-batana noho ny FR-2. Izy io koa dia fitaovana mora vidy, mahatonga azy io ho safidy malaza ho an’ireo mpanamboatra fitaovana elektronika avo lenta. Ny FR-4 dia tsy milina haingana, mitaky fikosoham-bary, fametahana na fametahana fitaovana tungsten karbida.

Fahita matetika amin’ny radio (RF)

Ny substrates RF dia natao hamela ny PCBS hiasa amin’ny fampiharana mampiasa RF mahery sy microwave. Ny substrates RF dia matetika ampiasaina amin’ny PCBS napetraka amin’ny elektronika miaramila, avionika ary avionika. Zava-dehibe anefa ny manamarika fa ny vokatra elektronika mpanjifa sasany dia misy an’ity karazana substrate ity. Ny plastika mandrafitra substrate RF mahazatra dia tsy miteraka insulation be loatra ary mahavita tsara amin’ny asa famoronana onjan-drano lehibe. RF sy microwave PCBS matetika dia manana sosona iray na roa ihany.

malefaka

Na dia fisaka sy hentitra aza ny ankamaroan’ny takelaka fanaovana pirinty, dia misy PCBS manavao izay afaka miondrika saika amin’ny lalana rehetra nefa tsy tapaka. Ny fizaran-tany malefaka dia mitaky endrika insulated mitovy nefa tsy manam-paharoa. Ny zaridaina malefaka dia matetika arovan’ny A SPRAY amin’ny insulation PCB, ankoatry ny sarimihetsika plastika dia safidy malaza. Ny fizaran-tany malefaka dia mitaky firakofana matevina PCB manify mba hahafahan’izy ireo mihetsika malalaka sy tafiditra anaty Toerana tery.

metaly

Mety ho hafahafa ny safidin’ny vy ho insulator. Ny metaly dia matetika mandeha amin’ny herinaratra, ary ny fitarihana tsy nahy dia mety miteraka tsy fahombiazan’ny PCB, may afo na miempo. However, in some cases, a PCB with a metal substrate may be more advantageous. Metal dia mpampita hafanana tena tsara ary mahazaka onja be tsy misy vaky na may. PCBS napetraka ao anaty fitaovana mandeha amin’ny herinaratra izay mandany herinaratra betsaka dia mety mitaky substrat metaly hiasa tsara.

Fitaomana indostrialy

Mba hisorohana ny hafanana be loatra an’ny PCB, ny firehetan’ny afo, na ny firehetan’ny afo dia tsy maintsy voahidy tsara izy io. Ny karazana insulation dia mifanaraka amin’ny karazana fampiasana nomen’ny PCB.

Ny PCBS elektronika amin’ny ankapobeny dia mety amin’ny fampiasana substrat tsotra FR-2 na FR-4 mora vidy kokoa. Ny substrates RF dia mety kokoa amin’ny fampiharana mifandraika amin’ny RF mahery.

Ny substrates malefaka toy ny plastika dia mifanaraka tsara mba hamenoana ireo fepetra takiana amin’ny takelaka boribory malefaka. Ny metaly kosa dia mpanamory hafanana tena tsara ary mitazona ny herin’ny herinaratra ho madio.