A PCB or lolomi laupapa matagaluega faatupuina vevela pe a o se eletise tafe tafe i totonu. A aunoa ma le talafeagai faʻaʻesega, lenei vevela mafai ona mafua ai matuia faʻafitauli mo PCBS.

Aisea PCBS manaʻomia faʻaʻesega?

Ae e te leʻi malamalama i le faʻaaogaina o le PCB, e tatau ona e malamalama: O le a le PCB?

PCBS, or printed circuit boards, are small green squares with copper sheets (but also in other colors). It can be found in almost any electronic device! O laupapa lolomi lolomi e mafai ai ona faʻaaoga lelei masini eletise, ma avea ai ma se mea taua ae le vaʻaia o le olaga i aso uma. A aunoa ma latou, komepiuta, telefoni, televise ma eletise e le ola pe i ai.

E malosi tele le eletise mo PCB. PCBS contain printed copper wires, so they naturally conduct electricity. Ae ui i lea, eletise elemeni mafai ona tulaʻi mai ai se tulaga mataʻutia pe a fai latou te le o faʻapipiʻiina i totonu o se le faʻataʻavale fale pe avea ma vevela tele. O le PCB tatau ona insulated e puipuia ‘apamemea pala ma faʻaititia faʻafuaseʻi fesoʻotaʻiga ma conductive mea. Proper insulation can help prevent the PCB from overheating or exploding.

There are several ways to isolate a PCB. There are several common insulation materials, but the exact type of insulation usually depends on the application of the PCB design.

Punaoa ata: pixabay

PCB mea faʻaʻesega

Masani PCB mea faʻaʻesega e masani lava ona fausiaina o ni substrates e le o ni mea faʻataʻitaʻi e mafai ona fusia faʻatasi i le tele o vaega e faʻatagaina ai le taimi nei e tafe saʻo i totonu o le atoa matagaluega laupapa. Faigofie PCBS mafai ona tasi-itu pe tasi-vaega. Complex PCBS, such as those used for high-speed digital communications, may contain more than two dozen layers.

PCB insulation calculator can help you determine creepage distance and electrical clearance, which will be the determining factor in the exact type and quantity of insulation material. Creepage mamao o le sili ona puʻupuʻu va i le va o conductive vaega, ma kilia o le elemene vavaeeseina e le ea nai lo le substrate. Understanding creepage distance and electrical clearance is essential for calculating PCB insulation.

E mafai e tagata gaosi PCB ona filifili e faʻaoga ni mea eseʻese mo mea e faʻamama ai, mai le taugofie o palasitika e pei o le FR-2 i uʻamea gao e pei o le alumini. The insulating material of a PCB usually determines its use. For example, the PCB in a cheaply made electronic toy would not need the same type of insulation as the PCB in a satellite.

Ina ia malamalama lelei PCB faʻaʻesega ma mea faʻaʻesega, tatou o saili le lima sili ona taatele ituaiga o PCB faʻaʻesega.

FR-2

Fr-2 o se maualalo vasega maualalo lamatiaga lamatiaga filifiliga laminate. It is made from a composite of paper and plasticized phenolic resin, making it light and durable. Tasi-itu laupapa taʻamilosaga masani ona faʻaaoga lenei mea. O le FR-2 e halogen-leai ma hydrophobic ma e mafai ona faigofie ona oomi pe oloina. O le FR-2 o se tasi o filifiliga sili ona taugofie mo le faʻaaogaina o PCB ma o se filifiliga masani mo kamupani o loʻo faʻaaogaina masini eletise.

FR-4

Fr-4 o se alualu i luma lamatia lamatiaga lamina filifiliga. It is a composite material made of fiberglass woven fabric and is commonly used in the manufacture of double-sided and multi-layer PCBS. E mafai e le FR-4 ona tatalia le maualuga o le vevela ma faʻamalosi tino nai lo le FR-2. It’s also an affordable material, making it a popular choice for manufacturers of high-end consumer electronics. The FR-4 is not machined fast, requiring milling, stamping or machined tungsten carbide tools.

Leitio taimi (RF)

RF substrates ua fuafuaina e faʻatagaina PCBS e faʻagaioia i polokalama faʻaaogaina le maualuga paoa RF ma microwave. RF substrates e masani ona faʻaaogaina mo PCBS faʻapipiʻi i militeli eletise, avionics ma avionics. E taua le maitau, peitaʻi, o nisi tagata faʻaaoga eletise oloa o loʻo iai lenei ituaiga faʻavae. O palasitika o loʻo fausia ai se mea faʻavae e masani ai RF e le faʻatupuina ni tele o faʻamamaina ma faʻatautaia lelei mo le galuega o le gaosia o galu tetele. RF ma microwave PCBS masani na o le tasi pe lua faʻaputuga.

vavai

E ui lava o le tele lolomi laupapa matagaluega e mafolafola ma malo, e i ai ni fou PCBS e mafai ona loloʻu i le toeititi o soʻo se itu e aunoa ma le gagau. O fetuʻutuʻunaʻi manaʻoga manaʻomia se tutusa ae tulaga ese ituaiga o faʻamama. O fetuʻutuʻunaʻi faʻataʻitaʻi e masani ona puipuia ma se SPRAY o PCB faʻaʻeseʻese, i le faʻaopopoina i le palasitika ata tifaga o se lauiloa filifiliga. Fetuʻutuʻunaʻi manaʻoga manaʻomia manifinifi, malosi PCB faʻamama faʻaʻofuina ina ia mafai ai ona latou feoaʻi saoloto ma ofi i fufusi avanoa.

uʻamea

O le filifiliga o uʻamea o se insulator ono foliga ese. O metala e masani ona faʻaaoga eletise, ma o faʻataʻavale faʻafuaseʻi e ono mafua ai ona le manuia le PCB, maua le afi pe liusuavai. However, in some cases, a PCB with a metal substrate may be more advantageous. O le uamea o se sili ona lelei ave o le vevela ma e mafai ona tatalia galu tetele e aunoa ma le gagau poʻo le mu. PCBS faʻapipiʻi i eletise totogia mea faigaluega e faʻaalu ai le tele o le paoa ono manaʻomia uʻamea substrates e galue lelei.

Aafiaga tau alamanuia

Ina ia puipuia le PCB mai le soona vevela, puʻeina o le afi, poʻo le mauaina o le afi, e tatau ona lava insulated. The type of insulation corresponds to the type of use provided by the PCB.

O le lautele-faʻamoemoe eletise PCBS e talafeagai mo le faʻaaogaina ma faigofie ma sili atu tau-aoga FR-2 poʻo FR-4 substrates. RF substrates e sili talafeagai mo talosaga aofia ai maualuga mana RF.

O substrates fetuutuunai pei o palasitika e talafeagai lelei e faʻafetaui ai le faʻaaogaga manaʻoga o fetuutuunai laupapa laupapa. Metala, i le isi itu, o sili lelei conductors o le vevela ao tausia le eletise eletise malulu.