A PCB or bolodi losindikizidwa imapanga kutentha mphamvu yamagetsi ikamadutsa. Popanda kutchinjiriza koyenera, kutentha uku kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zazikulu ku PCBS.

Chifukwa chiyani PCBS imafuna kutchinjiriza?

Musanamvetsetse kutchinjiriza kwa PCB, muyenera kumvetsetsa: Kodi PCB ndi chiyani?

PCBS, or printed circuit boards, are small green squares with copper sheets (but also in other colors). It can be found in almost any electronic device! Ma board omwe amasindikizidwa amathandizira zida zamagetsi kuti zizigwira ntchito moyenera, kuzipanga kukhala gawo lofunikira koma losaoneka m’moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Without them, computers, telephones, televisions and electronics would not work or exist.

Zamagetsi ndizamphamvu kwambiri ku PCB. PCBS contain printed copper wires, so they naturally conduct electricity. Komabe, zida zamagetsi zimatha kubweretsa ngozi ngati sizinatsekedwe m’nyumba zosakhazikika kapena kutentha kwambiri. PCB iyenera kutetezedwa kuti iteteze dzimbiri lamkuwa ndikuchepetsa kukhudzana mwangozi ndi zida zowongolera. Proper insulation can help prevent the PCB from overheating or exploding.

There are several ways to isolate a PCB. There are several common insulation materials, but the exact type of insulation usually depends on the application of the PCB design.

Photo source: pixabay

PCB zotetezera zakuthupi

Zipangizo zodziwika bwino za PCB nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ngati magawo osagwiritsa ntchito omwe amatha kusakanikirana ndimitundu ingapo kuti pakadali pano ziziyenda molondola kudera lonse. Ma PCBS osavuta amatha kukhala amodzi kapena osanjikiza. Complex PCBS, such as those used for high-speed digital communications, may contain more than two dozen layers.

PCB insulation calculator can help you determine creepage distance and electrical clearance, which will be the determining factor in the exact type and quantity of insulation material. Mtunda wa Creepage ndiye mtunda waufupi kwambiri pakati pazigawo, ndipo chilolezo ndicho chinthu chomwe chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mpweya osati gawo lapansi. Kumvetsetsa mtunda wa creepage ndi chilolezo chamagetsi ndikofunikira pakuwerengetsa kutchinjiriza kwa PCB.

Opanga ma PCB amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana kutchinjiriza, kuchokera ku pulasitiki wotsika mtengo ngati FR-2 kupita kuzitsulo zolimba monga aluminium. The insulating material of a PCB usually determines its use. For example, the PCB in a cheaply made electronic toy would not need the same type of insulation as the PCB in a satellite.

Kuti timvetse bwino kutchinjiriza kwa PCB ndi zida zotchingira, tiyeni tiwone mitundu isanu yofala kwambiri ya PCB.

FR-2

Fr-2 ndi otsika kalasi lawi wamtundu uliwonse laminate mwina. It is made from a composite of paper and plasticized phenolic resin, making it light and durable. Mabwalo azigawo amodzi amagwiritsira ntchito izi. FR-2 ilibe halogen komanso hydrophobic ndipo imatha kukanikizidwa kapena kupukutidwa mosavuta. FR-2 ndi imodzi mwanjira zotsika mtengo kwambiri zotchingira PCB ndipo ndizodziwika kwa makampani omwe amapanga zida zamagetsi zosagwiritsidwa ntchito.

FR-4

Fr-4 ndichotsogola chamoto wamtundu uliwonse wopaka laminate. It is a composite material made of fiberglass woven fabric and is commonly used in the manufacture of double-sided and multi-layer PCBS. FR-4 imatha kupirira kutentha komanso zovuta zakuthupi kuposa FR-2. It’s also an affordable material, making it a popular choice for manufacturers of high-end consumer electronics. The FR-4 is not machined fast, requiring milling, stamping or machined tungsten carbide tools.

Ma wailesi (rf)

RF substrates are designed to allow PCBS to operate in applications using high power RF and microwave. Magawo a RF amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa PCBS yoyikika pamagetsi ankhondo, ma avionics ndi ma avionics. Ndikofunika kuzindikira, komabe, kuti zinthu zina zamagetsi zamagetsi zimakhala ndi gawo ili. Mapulasitiki omwe amapanga gawo lapansi la RF samapanga zotchingira zambiri ndipo amachita bwino pantchito yopanga mafunde akulu. RF ndi microwave PCBS nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi gawo limodzi kapena awiri.

kusintha

Ngakhale matabwa ambiri osindikizidwa amakhala osalala komanso okhwima, pali ma PCBS ena atsopano omwe amatha kupindika mbali iliyonse osaphwanya. Maseketi osunthika amafunikira chimodzimodzi koma mawonekedwe apadera otchingira. Flexible circuits are usually protected with A SPRAY of PCB insulation, in addition to plastic film is a popular choice. Maseketi osunthika amafunikira zokutira zolimba, zolimba za PCB kuti athe kuyenda momasuka ndikukhala m’malo olimba.

zitsulo

Kusankhidwa kwazitsulo ngati zotetezera kumawoneka kwachilendo. Zitsulo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamagetsi, ndipo kuyendetsa mwangozi kumatha kuyambitsa PCB kulephera, kugwira moto kapena kusungunuka. However, in some cases, a PCB with a metal substrate may be more advantageous. Chitsulo chimayendetsa bwino kutentha ndipo chimatha kupirira mafunde akulu osaphwanya kapena kuwotcha. PCBS imayikidwa mu zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zomwe zimawononga mphamvu zambiri zimafunikira magawo azitsulo kuti agwire bwino ntchito.

Mphamvu zamakampani

Pofuna kuteteza PCB kuti isatenthedwe kwambiri, kugwira moto, kapena kugwira moto, iyenera kuyimitsidwa mokwanira. The type of insulation corresponds to the type of use provided by the PCB.

PCBS zamagetsi zamagetsi zonse ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magawo a FR-2 kapena FR-4 osavuta komanso osavuta. Magawo a RF ndioyenera kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito RF yamagetsi.

Magawo osinthika monga mapulasitiki ndioyenererana bwino kuti akwaniritse zosungunulira zama board osinthika. Zitsulo, komano, ndizoyendetsa bwino kutentha kwinaku zikusunga ma elekitironi amagetsi ozizira.