kunyange zvazvo yakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi (PCB) wiring inoita basa rakakosha mumaseketi ekumhanya-mhanya, kazhinji inongori imwe yematanho ekupedzisira mumagadzirirwo edunhu. Kune akawanda maficha e-high-speed PCB wiring. Pane zvakawanda zvinyorwa pamusoro penyaya iyi yekutarisa. Ichi chinyorwa chinonyanya kukurukura matambudziko e wiring e-high-speed circuits kubva pane inoshanda maonero. Chinangwa chikuru ndechekubatsira vashandisi vatsva kuti vateerere kune dzakawanda dzakasiyana nyaya dzinoda kutariswa paunenge uchigadzira yakakwirira-kumhanya wedunhu PCB wiring. Chimwe chinangwa ndechekupa ongororo zvinhu kune vatengi vasina kubata PCB wiring kwechinguva. Zvishoma nehurongwa hwechinyorwa, chinyorwa ichi hachigone kukurukura nyaya dzese zvakadzama, asi chinyorwa chichakurukura zvikamu zvakakosha zvine simba guru pakuvandudza mashandiro edunhu, kupfupisa nguva yekugadzira, uye kuchengetedza nguva yekuchinja.

Kunyangwe chinyorwa ichi chakanangana nemasekete ane chekuita neakakwira-kumhanya mashandiro amplifiers, nyaya uye nzira dzinokurukurwa muchinyorwa chino dzinowanzo shanda kune wiring inoshandiswa mune mamwe akawanda-anomhanya maseketi eanalogi. Kana iyo yekushanda amplifier ichishanda mune yakanyanya kwazvo radio frequency (RF) frequency bhendi, kuita kwedunhu kunoenderana nePCB dhizaini. Iyo yepamusoro-inoshanda yedunhu dhizaini inotaridzika zvakanaka pakudhirowa inogona chete kuwana yakajairwa kuita kana ikakanganiswa nekusangwarira uye kusangwarira wiring. Naizvozvo, kutarisisa uye kutarisisa kune akakosha ruzivo panguva yese yekuita wiring kuchabatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuita kwedunhu kunotarisirwa. Schematic Although a good schematic does not guarantee a good wiring, a good wiring starts with a good schematic. When drawing the schematic diagram, we must think carefully, and we must consider the signal direction of the entire circuit. Kana paine yakajairika uye yakagadzikana chiratidzo kuyerera kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi mune schematic, ipapo panofanirwa kuve nekuyerera kwakanaka kwechiratidzo kuyerera paPCB. Ipa ruzivo rwakawanda rwakakosha sezvinobvira pane schematic. Nenzira iyi, kunyangwe mamwe matambudziko asingakwanisi kugadziriswa neinjiniya wedunhu, vatengi vanogona kutsvaga mamwe machaneti kubatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko edunhu. In addition to the common reference identifiers, power consumption, and error tolerance, what other information should be given in the schematic? Izvi zvinotevera zvinopa mamwe mazano ekushandura akajairwa schematics kuita akanakisa schematics. Wedzera masaisai, ruzivo rwemuchina nezve casing, kureba kwemitsara yakadhindwa, uye nzvimbo dzisina chinhu; ratidza kuti ndezvipi zvikamu zvinoda kuiswa paPCB; kupa ruzivo rwekugadzirisa, chikamu chekukosha mitsara, ruzivo rwekupisa kupisa, kudzora impedance yakadhindwa mitsara, makomendi, uye mapfupi maseketi Tsananguro yekuita uye rumwe ruzivo, nezvimwe. Usatenda kuti kana iwe ukasagadzira wiring iwe pachako, unofanirwa kubvumira nguva yakawanda yekunyatsoongorora magadzirirwo emunhu wiring. Kudzivirira kuduku kunogona kukosha kane zana rekugadzirisa. Usatarisira kuti wiring anzwisise pfungwa dzemugadziri. Maonero ekutanga uye kutungamira mukugadzira wiring process ndiyo inonyanya kukosha. The more information that can be provided, and the more involved in the entire wiring process, the better the resulting PCB will be. Seta inoyedza yekupedzisa poindi yeiyo wiring dhizaini, uye nekukurumidza tarisa zvinoenderana neinodiwa wiring kufambira mberi mushumo. Iyi yakavharwa loop nzira inogona kudzivirira wiring kuti isarasika, nekudaro ichideredza mukana wekugadzirisazve. The instructions that need to be given to the wiring engineer include: a short description of the circuit function, a schematic diagram of the PCB indicating the input and output locations, PCB stacking information (for example, how thick the board is, how many layers there are, detailed information about each signal layer and ground plane: power consumption , Ground wire, analog signal, digital signal and RF signal, etc.); which signals are required for each layer; the placement of important components is required; the exact location of bypass components; those printed lines are important; which lines need to control impedance printed lines ; Which lines need to match the length; the size of the components; which printed lines need to be far away from each other (or close to); which lines need to be far away from each other (or close to); which components need to be far away from each other (or close to); which components need to be placed on the PCB Above, which ones are placed below. Wiring dhizaini mainjiniya haambo gunun’una nezve yakawandisa ruzivo rwunoda kupihwa. There is never too much information. Next, I will share a learning experience: about 10 years ago, I carried out a design project of a multi-layer surface mount circuit board with components on both sides of the circuit board. Shandisa ma screws akawanda kugadzirisa bhodhi mune goridhe-yakapfatwa aruminiyamu imba (nekuti kune mipimo yakasimba kwazvo yekusagadzikana kwekutya). Mapini anopa rusarura feedthrough anopfuura nepabhodhi. This pin is connected to the PCB by soldering wires. Ichi chishandiso chakaoma kwazvo. Some components on the board are used for test setting (SAT). Asi injiniya akatsanangura zvakajeka nzvimbo yezvikamu izvi. Zvinhu izvi zvakaiswa kupi? Pazasi pebhodhi. When product engineers and technicians have to disassemble the entire device and reassemble them after completing the settings, this procedure becomes very complicated. Therefore, such errors must be minimized as much as possible. Position is just like in the PCB, position is everything. Kupi kwekuisa dunhu paPCB, kupi kwekuisa iyo chaiyo yedunhu zvikamu, uye ndeapi mamwe maseketi ari padyo, ayo ese akakosha. Kazhinji, zvinzvimbo zvekupinza, zvinobuda, uye magetsi zvinofanotemerwa, asi masekete ari pakati pawo anofanirwa kugadzira. Ichi ndicho chikonzero kutarisisa kune ruzivo rwe wiring kuchave nemhedzisiro yakakosha pane inotevera kugadzirwa. Tanga nenzvimbo yezvikamu zvakakosha uye funga iyo chaiyo dunhu uye iyo yose PCB. Specifying the location of key components and the path of the signal from the beginning helps ensure that the design achieves the expected work goals. Kuwana dhizaini chaiyo kamwe chete kunogona kuderedza mutengo uye kudzvanywa, uye nekudaro kupfupisa kutenderera kwekusimudzira. Bypass power supply Kuisa magetsi ekupfuura pamagumo emagetsi ekudzikisira ruzha igwara rakakosha muPCB dhizaini dhizaini, kusanganisira yeakakwira-kumhanya mashandiro eamplifiers uye mamwe makuru-anomhanya maseketi. Pane nzira mbiri dzakajairika dzekugadzirisa dzekupfuura nepamusoro-kumhanya mashandiro eamplifiers. * Iyi nzira yekumisa chiteshi chemagetsi ndiyo inonyanya kushanda nguva zhinji, uchishandisa akawanda parallel capacitor kudzika zvakananga pini yemagetsi yeamplifaya inoshanda. Kazhinji kutaura, maviri akafanana capacitor anokwana, asi kuwedzera parallel capacitor kunogona kuunza mabhenefiti kune mamwe maseketi. Parallel yekubatanidza ma capacitor ane akasiyana capacitance kukosha kunobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti magetsi epini ane yakaderera alternating ikozvino (AC) impedance pamusoro peiyo yakafara frequency bhendi. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha paattenuation frequency yeanoshanda amplifier simba rejection rejection ratio (PSR). Iyi capacitor inobatsira kubhadhara iyo yakaderedzwa PSR yeamplifier. Kuchengeta yakaderera-impedance yepasi nzira mune dzakawanda gumi-octave siyana zvichabatsira kuona kuti ruzha runokuvadza harugone kupinda mune op amp. (Mufananidzo 1) unoratidza zvakanakira kushandisa akawanda capacitor mukuwirirana. Pane yakaderera frequency, hombe capacitor inopa yakaderera impedance yepasi nzira. But once the frequency reaches their own resonant frequency, the compatibility of the capacitor will be weakened and gradually appear inductive.