Ana la’akari da abubuwan da ke gaba yayin la’akari da abubuwan PCB.

1. Shin Kwamitin PCB siffar ta dace da injin duka?

2. Shin tazara tsakanin abubuwa ya dace? Shin akwai matakin ko matakin rikici?

3. Shin PCB yana buƙatar gyara? An tanadi gefen tsari? An tanadi ramukan hawa? Yadda za a shirya ramukan sakawa?

4. Yadda za a sanya da kuma kunna wutar lantarki?

5. Shin ya dace a maye gurbin abubuwan da ake buƙatar sauyawa akai -akai? Shin sassan daidaitawa suna da sauƙin daidaitawa?

6. Anyi la’akari da tazara tsakanin sinadarin zafi da sinadarin dumama?

7. Yaya aikin EMC na dukan hukumar? Ta yaya shimfidawa zai inganta ikon hana tsangwama?

Don matsalar tazara tsakanin abubuwan da aka haɗa da abubuwan haɗin, dangane da buƙatun nesa na fakitoci daban -daban da halayen Altium Designer da kanta, idan ƙuntatawa an saita ta ta ƙa’idodi, saitin yana da rikitarwa kuma yana da wahalar cimmawa. An zana layi akan layin injin don nuna girman abubuwan da aka gyara, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 9-1, don haka lokacin da sauran sassan ke gabatowa, an san matsakaicin tazara. Wannan yana da fa’ida sosai ga masu farawa, amma kuma yana ba masu farawa damar haɓaka kyawawan halaye na ƙirar PCB.

Ƙuntatawa akan shimfidar ɓangaren PCB

Hoto 9-1 Kebul na taimako na inji

Dangane da sharudda da bincike na sama, ana iya rarrabe ƙa’idodin ƙuntatawa na PCB kamar haka.

Ka’idar tsarin abubuwa

1. A karkashin yanayi na yau da kullun, duk abubuwan haɗin yakamata a shirya su akan farfajiya ɗaya ta PCB. Sai kawai lokacin da babban ɓangaren ya yi yawa, za a iya sanya wasu abubuwan da ke da iyaka mai tsayi da ƙarancin ƙima mai ƙima (kamar ƙarfin juriya, ƙarfin guntu, guntu IC, da sauransu) a kan layin ƙasa.

2. Dangane da tabbatar da aikin wutar lantarki, yakamata a ɗora abubuwan akan grid ɗin kuma a daidaita su a layi ɗaya ko a tsaye don jituwa da kyau. A ƙarƙashin yanayi na yau da kullun, ba a ba da izinin abubuwan haɗin gwiwa su dunkule, tsarin abubuwan yakamata ya zama ƙarami, abubuwan shigarwa da abubuwan fitarwa gwargwadon iyawa ban da juna, kada su bayyana crossover.

3, akwai yuwuwar babban ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin wasu abubuwan haɗin gwiwa ko wayoyi, yakamata su ƙara nisan su, don kada su haifar da ɗan gajeren gajeren hanya saboda fitarwa, rushewa, shimfidawa gwargwadon iko don kula da shimfidar waɗannan siginar sararin samaniya.

4. Abubuwan da ke da babban ƙarfin wuta ya kamata a shirya su gwargwadon iko a wuraren da ba za a iya samun sauƙin su da hannu ba yayin gyara.

5, wanda yake a gefen abubuwan faranti, yakamata yayi ƙoƙarin yin kaurin farantin biyu daga gefen farantin.

6, yakamata a rarraba abubuwan a ko’ina akan allon gaba ɗaya, ba wannan yanki mai yawa ba, wani yanki mai sako -sako, inganta amincin samfurin.

Bi ka’idar shimfiɗar jagorancin siginar

1. Bayan sanya madaidaitan abubuwan da aka gyara, shirya matsayin kowane sashin da’irar aiki ɗaya bayan ɗaya gwargwadon jagorancin siginar, tare da babban ɓangaren kowane da’irar aiki azaman cibiyar kuma aiwatar da shimfidar gida a kusa da shi.

2. Tsarin sassan yakamata ya zama mai dacewa don kwararar sigina, don siginar ta riƙe madaidaicin hanya ɗaya gwargwadon iko. A mafi yawan lokuta, ana shirya kwararar siginar daga hagu zuwa dama ko daga sama zuwa kasa, kuma abubuwan da aka haɗa kai tsaye zuwa tashoshin shigar da fitarwa yakamata a sanya su kusa da shigar da fitarwa ko masu haɗawa.

Rigakafin kutse na electromagnetic

Ƙuntatawa akan shimfidar ɓangaren PCB

Hoto 9-2 Layout na inductor tare da inductor daidai da digiri 90

(1) Don abubuwan da ke da filayen wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi na radiation da abubuwan haɗin gwiwa tare da babban hankali ga shigarwar lantarki, yakamata a ƙara tazara tsakanin su, ko a yi la’akari da murfin garkuwar don kariya.

(2) Try to avoid high and low voltage components mixed with each other and strong and weak signal components interlaced together.

(3) for components that will produce magnetic fields, such as transformers, loudspeakers, inductors, etc., attention should be paid to reducing the cutting of magnetic lines on printed wires when layout, and the magnetic field direction of adjacent components should be perpendicular to each other to reduce the coupling between each other. Hoto 9-2 yana nuna tsarin inductors 90 ° daidai da inductor.

(4) Majiyoyin kutse na garkuwa ko kayan masarufi cikin sauƙi, murfin garkuwar yakamata ya kasance da tushe. Hoto 9-3 yana nuna shirin murfin garkuwa.

Danne tsangwama na zafi

(1) Ya kamata a sanya abubuwan da ke samar da zafi a cikin wani wuri mai dacewa don watsa zafi. Idan ya cancanta, ana iya saita radiator daban ko ƙaramin fan don rage zafin jiki da rage tasirin abubuwan da ke makwabtaka, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 9-4.

(2) Wasu manyan tubalan da aka haɗa, manyan bututu masu ƙarfi, resistors, da sauransu, yakamata a shirya su a wuraren da watsawar zafi ke da sauƙi, kuma a raba su da wasu abubuwan ta wani ɗan nesa.

Ƙuntatawa akan shimfidar ɓangaren PCB

Hoto 9-3 Shirya murfin garkuwa

Ƙuntatawa akan shimfidar ɓangaren PCB

Hoto 9-4 Watsawar zafi don shimfidawa

(3) Abun da ke da mahimmanci na zafi yakamata ya kasance kusa da ma’aunin da aka auna kuma ya nisanta daga yankin zafin zafin, don kada wasu abubuwan da suka dace da ikon dumama su shafar su da haifar da ɓarna.

(4) Lokacin da aka sanya sinadarin a ɓangarorin biyu, ba a sanya sinadarin dumama a ƙasa.

Ƙa’idar daidaitaccen sashi na ɓangaren

Tsarin abubuwan da ake iya daidaitawa kamar su potentiometers, masu canzawa masu canzawa, madaidaitan muryoyin shigar da micro-switches yakamata suyi la’akari da buƙatun tsarin injin gabaɗaya: idan an gyara injin a waje, yakamata a daidaita matsayin sa zuwa matsayin madaidaicin ƙarar akan panel chassis; Game da daidaitawa a cikin injin, yakamata a sanya shi akan PCB inda yake da sauƙin daidaitawa.