E Bipụtara Circuit Board, a na -akpọkwa Board Circuit Printed, Board Circuit Printed, Board Circuit Board. Ihe ngosi maka PCBS sitere na sistemụ mgbanwe ekwentị na mbido narị afọ nke 20 nke jiri echiche nke “Circuit,” nke emere site na ịkpụ foil ọla ka ọ bụrụ onye na -eduzi ya na ịragide ya n’etiti akwụkwọ okwute okwute abụọ. N’echiche ziri ezi nke PCB mụrụ na 1930, ọ na -eji mmepụta elektrọnikị, yana ihe mkpuchi osisi, bee n’ime nha ụfọdụ, yana opekata mpe otu eserese, yana akwa nwere oghere (dịka oghere akụrụngwa, oghere na -ejikọ ọnụ, imepụta igwe, wdg), ejiri mee ihe karịa ngwa eletrọnịkị chassis, wee chọpụta njikọ dị n’etiti ngwa elektrọnik, Ọ na -arụ ọrụ nnyefe ọsọ agba anọ, bụ ihe na -akwado akụrụngwa elektrọnik, a makwaara ya dị ka “nne nke ngwaahịa elektrọnik”.

Nhazi ọkwa site nro nke isi ihe:

Isi mmalite data: nchịkọta data nke ọha

Mbipụta PCB nkesa ahịa ụwa niile

Kemgbe narị afọ nke 21, site na mbufe ụlọ ọrụ ozi eletrọnịkịkị ụwa niile site na mba ndị mepere emepe gaa na akụ na ụba na -emepe emepe na mba ndị na -emepe emepe, Asia, ọkachasị China, ji nwayọọ nwayọọ bụrụ ntọala mmepụta ngwaahịa ozi elektrọnikụ kachasị mkpa n’ụwa. N’afọ 2016, ego ụlọ ọrụ na -emepụta ihe ọmụma eletrọnịkị China dị elu karịa ọkwa akpọrọ ruru yuan trillion 12.2, nke rịrị elu 8.4% n’afọ n’afọ. Site na mbugharị nke agbụ ụlọ ọrụ ozi elektrọnik, ụlọ ọrụ PCB, dị ka ụlọ ọrụ ya bụ isi, etinyekwara uche na Mainland China, Ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia na mpaghara Eshia ndị ọzọ. Tupu 2000, ekesara ihe karịrị 70% nke uru nrụpụta PCB zuru ụwa ọnụ na America (ọkachasị North America), Europe na Japan. Kemgbe narị afọ nke 21, ụlọ ọrụ PCB nọ na -atụgharị uche ya na Asia. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọnụ ahịa nrụpụta nke PCB na Eshia dị nso na 90% nke ụwa, ọkachasị na China na Ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia. Kemgbe afọ 2006, China akarịala Japan ka ọ bụrụ onye nrụpụta PCB kachasị n’ụwa, yana mbupute PCB na ọkwa mbụ na ụwa. N’afọ ndị na -adịbeghị anya, akụ na ụba ụwa nọ n’oge mgbanwe miri emi. Ọrụ ịnya ụgbọ ala nke Europe, United States, Japan na ndị isi akụ na ụba ndị ọzọ na uto akụ na ụba ụwa adaala nke ukwuu, ahịa PCB na mba ndị a nwere oke uto ma ọ bụ ọbụna nwee nkwekọrịta. China na -ejikọwanye ọnụ na akụ na ụba ụwa, wee jiri ọkara nke ọkara ahịa PCB zuru ụwa ọnụ. Dị ka onye kacha emepụta ụlọ ọrụ PCB n’ụwa, China gụrụ 50.53% nke ngụkọta mmepụta nke ụlọ ọrụ PCB na 2017, site na 31.18% na 2008.

Isi mmalite data: nchịkọta data nke ọha

Nnukwu omume nke ụlọ ọrụ na -aga n’ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, ala bụ ihe pụrụ iche.

Isi ụlọ ọrụ PCB na -elekwasị anya na -aga n’ihu na Asia mgbe niile, ikike imepụta ihe na Eshia na -aga n’ihu na -aga n’ime ala, na -akpụpụta usoro nrụpụta ọhụrụ. Tupu 2000, 70% nke uru mmepụta PCB zuru ụwa ọnụ kesara na Europe, America (ọkachasị North America) na Japan. Site na mbufe ikike nrụpụta na -aga n’ihu, ọnụ ahịa mmepụta nke PCB na Eshia dị nso 90% nke ụwa, na -eduga PCB n’ụwa, ebe ala China abụrụla mpaghara nwere ikike nrụpụta PCB kachasị elu n’ụwa. N’otu oge ahụ, n’ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ikike imepụta ihe na Eshia egosila usoro mbufe si Japan, South Korea na Taiwan gaa China China, nke na-eme ka ike nrụpụta PCB na Mainland China na-eto na ọnụego 5%-7% dị elu karịa ọkwa ụwa niile. Na 2017, mmepụta PCB nke China ga -erute anyị ijeri $ 28.972, na -aza ihe karịrị 50% nke mkpokọta ụwa niile.

A na -ebugharị ikike mmepụta PCB nke Europe, America na Taiwan na ala maka ihe atọ ndị a:

1. Amụma nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi na mba ọdịda anyanwụ na -agbasiwanye ike, na -amanye ụlọ ọrụ PCB nwere oke anwuru ọkụ ịkwaga.

Mbadamba sekit ebipụtara nwere nnukwu mmetọ nke ga -ebute mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi na usoro nrụpụta. Na Europe na United States, ihe gọọmentị chọrọ maka nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi maka ndị na -emepụta PCB dị elu karịa ụlọ. N’okpuru ụkpụrụ nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi siri ike, ụlọ ọrụ kwesịrị iguzobe usoro nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi zuru oke, nke ga -ebute mmụba nke mmefu nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi nke ụlọ ọrụ, na -abawanye ọnụ ahịa njikwa ma na -emetụta ọkwa uru ụlọ ọrụ. Ya mere, ndị na-emepụta Europe na America na-ejigide azụmahịa PCB na teknụzụ dị elu yana nzuzo siri ike, dị ka ndị agha na ikuku, na azụmaahịa ngwa ngwa, ma na-eji mmetọ dị elu na nnukwu uru belata azụmahịa PCB. Ike imeputa n’akụkụ a nke azụmaahịa a agbagotela Eshia, ebe ihe ndị achọrọ maka gburugburu ebe obibi dị ntakịrị ma mmefu gburugburu ebe obibi dị ntakịrị. Usoro iwu gburugburu ebe obibi siri ike na -egbochikwa mwepụta ikike ọhụrụ. Ndị na -eme PCB na -agbasawanye ikike site n’ịgbasa osisi dị adị ma ọ bụ mepee nke ọhụrụ. Mana n’otu aka ahụ, mmachi nkebiokwu nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi na -abawanye nhịahụ nke nhọrọ saịtị; N’aka nke ọzọ, mmụba nke ọnụ ahịa na -ebelata ọnụego mbughari ọrụ a tụrụ anya ya, na -ebelata ohere nke oru ngo a ma na -abawanye nsogbu nke ị nweta ego. N’ihi ihe abụọ a dị n’elu, ndị nrụpụta Europe na America na -etinye ego n’ọrụ ọhụrụ n’iji nwayọ karịa ndị nrụpụta Eshia, si otú a na -ewepụta ikike ọhụrụ pere mpe, wee daa n’azụ Asia na ike PCB. Mainland market obtains price advantage with relatively low labor cost, while western manufacturers tend to be inferior in price war.Ọnụ ego ndị ọrụ n’ahịa ala nwere uru dị ọnụ ala. Agbanyeghị na ọ jiri nwayọ nwayọ nwayọ n’afọ ndị na -adịbeghị anya, ọ ka dị ala karịa ọkwa mba ndị mepere emepe na Europe na United States, yana dịkwa ala karịa ọkwa Japan na South Korea. Site na uru ha na mmefu nchekwa gburugburu na ụgwọ ọrụ, ndị na -emepụta ihe na China nwere ike nweta ọnụ ahịa asọmpi na ọnụ ahịa dị ala karịa nke mpaghara ndị ọzọ, si otú a na -agbasawanye òkè ahịa.

2. China aghọọla ahịa elektrọniks kachasị n’ụwa niile, agbụ ụlọ ọrụ mgbago na mgbada na -akwado mkpa ụlọ ọrụ PCB.

N’ime afọ iri gara aga, ụlọ ọrụ elektrọnịkị ọkụ eletrọnịkị nke China etolitela n’ike n’ike, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ya na -agbasawanye. N’afọ 2015, ụlọ ọrụ na -emepụta ihe ọmụma eletrọnịkị ahịa nke China nwetara nnukwu ego azụmaahịa ruru puku ijeri 11.1, nke mbụ na ụwa. Dị ka otu n’ime ndị na -ebu ụgbọ ala kacha nso na ngwaahịa ọnụ, ọchịchọ maka PCB na China China ga -aga n’ihu na -eto site na ewu ewu nke ngwaahịa ọdụ ụgbọ ala. N’ihi ya, etinyerela nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke “foil ọla kọpa, eriri iko, resin, efere mkpuchi ọla kọpa na PCB” na njedebe ọkọnọ nke China China, nke nwere ike mezuo ihe mmepụta na -arịwanye elu. Yabụ, site n’ọchịchọ, a na -ebufe ikike mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nke ọma na ala.

3. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, China etinyere eriri ụyọkọ ụlọ ọrụ PCB nwere pearl River Delta na Yangtze River Delta dị ka mpaghara.

Dabere na China Printed Circuit Association CPCA, ọnụ ọgụgụ ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ PCB na 2013 bụ ihe dị ka 1,500, nke kesara nke ukwuu na Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta na Bohai Rim mpaghara, Yangtze River Delta na Pearl River Delta mpaghara abụọ gbara ihe ruru. 90% nke ngụkọta mmepụta PCB na ala China. Ike mmepụta PCB na etiti na ọdịda anyanwụ China amụbaala ngwa ngwa n’afọ ndị na -adịbeghị anya. N’ime afọ ndị na -adịbeghị anya, n’ihi mmụba nke ụgwọ ọrụ, ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ PCB akwagala ikike mmepụta ha site na Pearl River Delta na Yangtze River Delta gaa n’obodo ndị dị n’etiti na ọdịda anyanwụ nwere ọnọdụ ndị ka mma, dị ka Huangshi na mpaghara Hubei, Guangde na Anhui Province, na -agba akwụkwọ na Sichuan Province, wdg. Mpaghara Pearl River Delta, mpaghara Yangtze Delta Delta iji were were were were nweta ikike, akụ na ụba, agbụ ụlọ ọrụ, yana ngwaahịa na-adị elu mgbe niile yana ngwaahịa bara uru.