1. Put the most important part first

Kodi gawo lofunika kwambiri ndi liti?

Gawo lirilonse la komiti yoyendera dera ndilofunika. Komabe, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukonza dera ndi izi, mutha kuzitcha “zigawo zazikulu”. Zimaphatikizapo zolumikizira, zosinthira, zolumikizira mphamvu, ndi zina zambiri PCB kamangidwe, ikani zambiri mwa zigawozi patsogolo.

2. Pangani pachimake / zigawo zikuluzikulu pakati pa masanjidwe a PCB

Chigawo chapakati ndi gawo lomwe limazindikira ntchito yofunikira ya kapangidwe ka dera. Apange kukhala pakati pa masanjidwe anu a PCB. Ngati gawolo ndi lalikulu, liyeneranso kukhala pakati pa masanjidwewo. Kenako ikani zida zina zamagetsi kuzungulira pachimake / zazikuluzikulu.

3. Two short and four separate

Masanjidwe anu a PCB akuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunika zisanu ndi chimodzi zotsatirazi momwe mungathere. Wiring yonse iyenera kukhala yayifupi. Chizindikiro chachikulu chiyenera kukhala chachifupi. Ma voliyumu apamwamba komanso ma sign apamwamba kwambiri amasiyanitsidwa kwathunthu ndi ma voliyumu otsika komanso ma sign apano. Chizindikiro cha analogi ndi chizindikiro cha digito zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mapangidwe a dera. Chizindikiro chapamwamba kwambiri ndi chizindikiro chotsika kwambiri chimasiyanitsidwa. Magawo afupipafupi amayenera kulekanitsidwa ndipo mtunda pakati pawo ukhale wotalikirapo.

4. Maonekedwe okhazikika-yunifolomu, oyenerera komanso okongola

The standard circuit board ndi yunifolomu, mphamvu yokoka-yoyenera komanso yokongola. Chonde kumbukirani muyezo uwu mukamakonza masanjidwe a PCB. Kufanana kumatanthauza kuti zigawo ndi mawaya amagawidwa mofanana mu mawonekedwe a PCB. Ngati masanjidwewo ali ofanana, mphamvu yokoka iyeneranso kukhala yolinganiza. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa PCB yokhazikika imatha kupanga zinthu zamagetsi zokhazikika.

5. Choyamba chitani chitetezo cha chizindikiro ndiyeno sefa

PCB imatumiza zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana, ndipo mbali zosiyanasiyana za izo zimatumiza zizindikiro zawo. Choncho, muyenera kuteteza chizindikiro cha gawo lililonse ndikuletsa kusokoneza kwa chizindikiro choyamba, ndiyeno ganizirani kusefa mafunde owopsa a zida zamagetsi. Nthawi zonse muzikumbukira lamuloli. Zoyenera kuchita molingana ndi lamuloli? Malingaliro anga ndikuyika zosefera, chitetezo ndi kudzipatula kwa chizindikiro cha mawonekedwe pafupi ndi cholumikizira mawonekedwe. Chitetezo cha siginecha chimachitidwa poyamba, kenako kusefa kumachitika.

6. Dziwani kukula ndi chiwerengero cha zigawo za PCB mwamsanga

Determine the size of the circuit board and the number of wiring layers in the early stages of the PCB layout. it’s necessary. The reason is as follows. These layers and stacks directly affect the wiring and impedance of the printed circuit lines. Moreover, if the size of the circuit board is determined, the stack and width of the printed circuit lines need to be determined to achieve the expected PCB design effect. It is best to apply as many circuit layers as possible and distribute the copper evenly.

7. Dziwani malamulo a mapangidwe a PCB ndi zopinga

Kuti muthe kuyendetsa bwino njira, muyenera kuganizira mozama zofunikira za mapangidwe ndikupanga chida choyendetsera ntchito pansi pa malamulo olondola ndi zopinga, zomwe zidzakhudza kwambiri ntchito ya chida chowongolera. Ndiye nditani? Malinga ndi zofunikira, mizere yonse yazizindikiro yokhala ndi zofunikira zapadera imagawidwa. Kukwera patsogolo, kumakhala kokhwimitsa malamulo a mzere wa chizindikiro. Malamulowa akuphatikizapo m’lifupi mwa mizere yosindikizidwa ya dera, chiwerengero chachikulu cha vias, kufanana, kukopana pakati pa mizere ya chizindikiro, ndi zoletsa zosanjikiza.

8. Dziwani malamulo a DFM a masanjidwe a zigawo

DFM is the abbreviation of “design for manufacturability” and “design for manufacturing”. DFM rules have a great influence on the layout of parts, especially the ptimization of the automobile assembly process. If the assembly department or PCB assembly company allows moving components, the circuit can be optimized to simplify automatic routing. If you are not sure about DFM rules, you can get free DFM service from PCBONLINE. The rules include:

Pamakonzedwe a PCB, gawo lowongolera magetsi liyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi dera loyenera, osati gawo lamagetsi. Kupanda kutero, zidzakhudza zotsatira zodutsa ndikupangitsa kuti pulsating panopa pa mzere wa mphamvu ndi pansi mzere kuyenda, motero kusokoneza.

Kwa chitsogozo cha magetsi mkati mwa dera, magetsi ayenera kukhala kuchokera ku siteji yomaliza kupita ku gawo lapitalo, ndipo capacitor yamagetsi yamagetsi iyenera kuikidwa pafupi ndi gawo lomaliza.

Pa mawaya ena akuluakulu amakono, ngati mukufuna kulumikiza kapena kuyeza zamakono panthawi yokonzanso ndi kuyesa, muyenera kuyika kusiyana komwe kulipo pa mzere wosindikizira wozungulira panthawi ya PCB.

Kuonjezera apo, ngati n’kotheka, magetsi okhazikika ayenera kuikidwa pa bolodi losindikizidwa. Ngati magetsi ndi dera zili pa bolodi losindikizidwa, patulani mphamvu zamagetsi ndi zigawo zozungulira ndikupewa kugwiritsa ntchito waya wamba.

Chifukwa chiyani?

Chifukwa sitifuna kusokoneza. Kuonjezera apo, mwa njira iyi, katunduyo akhoza kuchotsedwa panthawi yokonza, kuchotsa kufunikira kodula gawo la mzere wosindikizidwa wa dera ndikuwononga bolodi losindikizidwa.

9. Chokwera chilichonse chofanana nacho chimakhala ndi bowo limodzi

Popanga fani, payenera kukhala bowo limodzi pabowo lililonse lofanana ndi chigawocho. Mwanjira iyi, mukafuna maulumikizidwe ambiri, mutha kuthana ndi zolumikizira zamkati, kuyesa pa intaneti, ndikukonzanso dera pa bolodi ladera.

10. Wiring pamanja pamaso mawaya basi

In the past, in the past, it has always been manual wiring, which has always been a necessary process for printed circuit board design.

Chifukwa chiyani?

Popanda ma wiring pamanja, chida cholumikizira chodziwikiratu sichingathe kumaliza ma waya. Ndi ma wiring pamanja, mupanga njira yomwe ndiyo maziko a waya wodziwikiratu.

Ndiye mungayende bwanji pamanja?

Mungafunike kusankha ndi kukonza maukonde ena ofunikira pamasanjidwewo. Choyamba, lowetsani makiyi achinsinsi pamanja kapena mothandizidwa ndi zida zodzipangira okha. Zina zamagetsi (monga kugawa inductance) ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa zazing’ono momwe zingathere. Kenako, yang’anani ma waya a ma sigino akulu, kapena funsani mainjiniya ena odziwa zambiri kapena PCBONLINE kuti akuthandizireni. Ndiye, ngati palibe vuto ndi mawaya, chonde kukonza mawaya pa PCB ndi kuyamba routing zizindikiro zina basi.

Zisamaliro:

Chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa waya wapansi, padzakhala kusokoneza wamba kwa dera.

11. Khazikitsani zopinga ndi malamulo oti muzingoyenda zokha

Masiku ano, zida zodzipangira okha ndi zamphamvu kwambiri. Ngati zopinga ndi malamulo akhazikitsidwa moyenera, amatha kumaliza pafupifupi 100%.

Zachidziwikire, muyenera kumvetsetsa kaye zolowa ndi zotsatira za chida chodzipangira okha.

Kuti muyendetse mizere yazizindikiro, malamulo onse ayenera kutsatiridwa, ndiye kuti, zigawo zomwe chizindikirocho chimadutsamo ndipo kuchuluka kwa mabowo kumatsimikiziridwa ndikukhazikitsa zopinga ndi madera osaloledwa. Potsatira lamuloli, zida zodzipangira zokha zitha kugwira ntchito momwe mukuyembekezera.

Mukamaliza gawo la polojekiti ya PCB, chonde ikonzeni pa bolodi la dera kuti lisakhudzidwe ndi gawo lotsatira la waya. Chiwerengero cha njira zimadalira zovuta za dera ndi malamulo ake onse.

Zisamaliro:

Ngati chida chodzipangira chokha sichimalizitsa mayendedwe a siginecha, muyenera kupitiliza ntchito yake kuti muyendetse ma siginecha otsalawo pamanja.

12. Konzani njira

Ngati mzere wa chizindikiro womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa ndi wautali kwambiri, chonde pezani mizere yololera komanso yosamveka, ndikufupikitsa mawaya momwe mungathere ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mabowo.

Kutsiliza

Pamene zinthu zamagetsi zikupita patsogolo kwambiri, mainjiniya amagetsi ndi zamagetsi ayenera kudziwa luso la mapangidwe a PCB. Kumvetsetsa pamwamba 12 PCB kapangidwe malamulo ndi njira ndi kuwatsatira mmene ndingathere, mudzapeza kuti PCB masanjidwe salinso zovuta.