1. Beka eyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo kuqala

Yiyiphi eyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo?

Yonke inxalenye yebhodi yesekethe ibalulekile. Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekucwangcisweni kwesekethe yilezi, unokuzibiza ngokuba “ziinxalenye eziphambili”. Zibandakanya izihlanganisi, iiswitshi, iziseko zamandla, njl. Kwiyakho PCB uyilo, beka uninzi lwala malungu kuqala.

2. Yenza undoqo/amacandelo amakhulu abe ngumbindi woyilo lwePCB

Icandelo eliphambili licandelo eliqonda umsebenzi obalulekileyo woyilo lwesekethe. Zenze zibe sembindini woyilo lwePCB yakho. Ukuba inxalenye inkulu, kufuneka ibekwe embindini woyilo. Emva koko beka ezinye izinto zombane ezijikeleze i-core / components ezinkulu.

3. Ezimbini ezimfutshane nezine zahlukene

Uyilo lwePCB yakho kufuneka luhlangabezane nezi mfuno zintandathu zilandelayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. I-wiring iyonke kufuneka ibe mfutshane. Umqondiso obalulekileyo kufuneka ube mfutshane. I-voltage ephezulu kunye neempawu eziphezulu zangoku zihlukaniswe ngokupheleleyo kwi-voltage ephantsi kunye neempawu eziphantsi zangoku. Isignali ye-analog kunye nesignali yedijithali ihlukaniswe kuyilo lwesiphaluka. Isignali yefrikhwensi ephezulu kunye nesiginali yefrikhwensi ephantsi yahluliwe. Amacandelo aphezulu kufuneka ahlulwe kwaye umgama phakathi kwawo kufuneka ube kude kangangoko.

4. I-Layout standard-uniform, ilungelelene kwaye intle

Ibhodi yesekethe eqhelekileyo ifana, i-gravity-balanced kwaye intle. Nceda ugcine lo mgangatho engqondweni xa ulungiselela ubeko lwePCB. Ukufana kuthetha ukuba amacandelo kunye neengcingo zisasazwa ngokulinganayo kuyilo lwePCB. Ukuba uyilo lufana, ubunzima kufuneka bulinganiswe. Oku kubalulekile kuba i-PCB elungeleleneyo inokuvelisa iimveliso zombane ezizinzileyo.

5. Qala wenze ukhuseleko lomqondiso kwaye emva koko ucofe

I-PCB ithumela imiqondiso eyahlukeneyo, kwaye iindawo ezahlukeneyo kuyo zihambisa imiqondiso yazo. Ke ngoko, kufuneka ukhusele isiginali yecandelo ngalinye kwaye uthintele ukuphazamiseka kwesiginali kuqala, kwaye emva koko ucinge ngokucoca amaza ayingozi amacandelo e-elektroniki. Hlala ukhumbula lo mgaqo. Yintoni enokwenziwa ngokwalo mgaqo? Isiphakamiso sam kukubeka ukucoca, ukukhuselwa kunye neemeko zokuzihlukanisa zesignali ye-interface kufuphi ne-interface connector. Ukukhuselwa komqondiso kwenziwa kuqala, kwaye emva koko ukuhluzwa kwenziwa.

6. Qinisekisa ubungakanani kunye nenani leeleya zePCB kwangoko kangangoko kunokwenzeka

Qinisekisa ubungakanani bebhodi yesekethe kunye nenani leentambo zocingo kwinqanaba lokuqala lobeko lwePCB. Ingaba inyanzelekile. Isizathu simi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Ezi zingqimba kunye nezitaki zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo i-wiring kunye ne-impedance yemigca yesekethe eprintiweyo. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba ubungakanani bebhodi yesekethe buchongiwe, i-stack kunye nobubanzi bemigca yesekethe eprintiweyo kufuneka izimisele ukuphumeza isiphumo esilindelekileyo soyilo lwePCB. Kungcono ukusebenzisa iileyile zesekethe ezininzi ngokusemandleni kwaye usasaze ubhedu ngokulinganayo.

7. Ukumisela imithetho yoyilo lwePCB kunye nemiqobo

Ukuze wenze ngokuphumelelayo umzila, kufuneka uqwalasele ngokucophelela iimfuno zokuyila kwaye wenze isixhobo sokuhamba sisebenze phantsi kwemigaqo echanekileyo kunye nezithintelo, eziza kuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kwesixhobo somzila. Ndithini ke? Ngokokubaluleka, yonke imigca yesignali eneemfuno ezizodwa ihlelwa. Okuphezulu okuphambili, imithetho engqongqo yomgca wesignali. Le migaqo ibandakanya ububanzi bemigca yesekethe eprintiweyo, inani eliphezulu le-vias, i-parallelism, impembelelo ehambelanayo phakathi kwemigca yomqondiso, kunye nezithintelo zomaleko.

8. Misela imithetho ye-DFM yoyilo lwecandelo

I-DFM sisishunqulelo se-“design for manufacturability” kunye “noyilo lokwenziwa kwemveliso”. Imithetho ye-DFM inefuthe elikhulu kuyilo lwamacandelo, ngakumbi ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokuhlanganisa iimoto. Ukuba isebe lendibano okanye inkampani yendibano yePCB ivumela amacandelo ahambayo, isekethe inokuphuculwa ukwenza lula umzila oluzenzekelayo. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngemithetho ye-DFM, ungafumana inkonzo ye-DFM yasimahla kwi-PCBONLINE. Imigaqo ibandakanya:

Kwi-PCB layout, umbane wokuqhawula umbane wesekethe kufuneka ubekwe kufuphi nesekethe efanelekileyo, kungekhona inxalenye yombane. Ngaphandle koko, kuya kuchaphazela umphumo we-bypass kwaye kubangele i-pulsating current kumgca wamandla kunye nomgca womhlaba ukuba uhambe, ngaloo ndlela ubangele ukuphazamiseka.

Ngolwalathiso lokunikezelwa kwamandla ngaphakathi kwesekethe, ukunikezelwa kwamandla kufuneka kube ukusuka kwinqanaba lokugqibela ukuya kwinqanaba langaphambili, kwaye i-capacitor yokucoca umbane kufuneka ibekwe kufuphi nenqanaba lokugqibela.

Kwiingcingo ezingundoqo zangoku, ukuba ufuna ukuqhawula okanye ukulinganisa okwangoku ngexesha lokulungisa iimpazamo kunye novavanyo, kufuneka usete isithuba sangoku kumgca wesekethe oshicilelweyo ngexesha lobeko lwePCB.

Ukongeza, ukuba kunokwenzeka, umbane ozinzileyo kufuneka ubekwe kwibhodi eprintiweyo eyahlukileyo. Ukuba umbane kunye neesekethe zisebhodini eprintiweyo, yahlula umbane kunye namacandelo esekethe kwaye ugweme ukusebenzisa ucingo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaba.

Ngoba?

Ngenxa yokuba asifuni kubangela ukuphazamiseka. Ukongezelela, ngale ndlela, umthwalo unokunqunyulwa ngexesha lokugcinwa, ukuphelisa isidingo sokusika inxalenye yomgca wesekethe eprintiweyo kunye nokonakalisa ibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo.

9. Umphezulu ngamnye olingana nomphezulu unomngxuma omnye ubuncinci

Ngexesha loyilo lokuphuma kwefeni, kufuneka kubekho umngxuma omnye ubuncinane kumphezulu ngamnye olingana necandelo. Ngale ndlela, xa ufuna uxhulumaniso olungakumbi, unokusingatha uxhulumaniso lwangaphakathi, uvavanyo lwe-intanethi, kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe isekethe kwibhodi yesekethe.

10. Ukufakwa kweengcingo ngesandla phambi kocingo oluzenzekelayo

Kwixesha elidlulileyo, kwixesha elidlulileyo, lihlala liyi-wiring ye-manual, ehlala iyinkqubo efunekayo yoyilo lwebhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo.

Ngoba?

Ngaphandle kwe-wiring ye-manual, isixhobo se-wiring esizenzekelayo asiyi kukwazi ukugqiba ngempumelelo i-wiring. Nge-wiring manual, uya kudala umendo osisiseko socingo oluzenzekelayo.

Ngoko ke indlela yokwenza ngesandla?

Kusenokufuneka ukhethe kwaye ulungise iminatha ebalulekileyo kuyilo. Okokuqala, imiqondiso yesitshixo yendlela ngesandla okanye ngoncedo lwezixhobo zokuziqhelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo. Ezinye iiparamitha zombane (ezifana ne-inductance esasazwayo) kufuneka zibekwe zincinci kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Emva koko, jonga i-wiring yeempawu eziphambili, okanye ucele ezinye iinjineli ezinamava okanye i-PCBONLINE ukunceda ukujonga. Emva koko, ukuba akukho ngxaki ngocingo, nceda ulungise iingcingo kwi-PCB kwaye uqale ukuhambisa ezinye iimpawu ngokuzenzekelayo.

Ukuqapha:

Ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kocingo oluphantsi komhlaba, kuya kubakho ukuphazamiseka okuqhelekileyo kwe-impedance yesekethe.

11. Misela imiqobo kunye nemigaqo yomzila ozenzekelayo

Kule mihla, izixhobo zokuziqhelanisa ezizenzekelayo zinamandla kakhulu. Ukuba izithintelo kunye nemigaqo zibekwe ngokufanelekileyo, zinokugqiba phantse i-100% yomzila.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, kufuneka uqale uqonde iiparameters zegalelo kunye neziphumo zesixhobo somzila ngokuzenzekelayo.

Kwimigca yemiqondiso yendlela, imigaqo jikelele kufuneka yamkelwe, oko kukuthi, iileya apho umqondiso udlula khona kunye nenani leemingxuma zichongwa ngokumisela imiqobo kunye neendawo zocingo ezingavumelekanga. Ukulandela lo mgaqo, izixhobo zokuziqhelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo zinokusebenza ngendlela oyilindeleyo.

Xa ugqibezela inxalenye yeprojekthi yoyilo lwePCB, nceda uyilungise kwibhodi yesekethe ukuze uthintele ukuba ungachatshazelwa yinxalenye elandelayo yocingo. Inani lomzila lixhomekeke kubunzima besiphaluka kunye nemithetho yayo jikelele.

Ukuqapha:

Ukuba isixhobo somzila esizenzekelayo asilugqibi umzila wesignali, kufuneka uqhubeke nomsebenzi waso wokuhambisa imiqondiso eseleyo ngesandla.

12. Lungiselela umzila

Ukuba umgca wesignali osetyenziselwa ukuthintela ubude kakhulu, nceda ufumane imigca efanelekileyo kunye nengqiqo, kwaye unciphise i-wiring kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye unciphise inani lemingxuma.

isiphelo

Njengoko iimveliso zombane zihambela phambili ngakumbi, iinjineli zombane kunye ne-elektroniki kufuneka zilawule ngakumbi izakhono zoyilo lwePCB. Qonda ngasentla 12 imithetho yoyilo PCB kunye nobuchule kwaye uzilandele kangangoko kunokwenzeka, uya kufumanisa ukuba ubeko PCB akusekho nzima.