Da yake magana game da mawuyacin matsalar sauya wutar lantarki, PCB Matsalolin faranti ba su da wahala sosai, amma idan ana so a ƙawata PCB mai ladabi dole ne ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin matsalolin sauya wutar lantarki (ƙirar PCB ba ta da kyau, na iya haifar da komai yadda za a warware ɓarna mai ƙyalli daga yanayin, don haka ba tsoratarwa ba) lokacin da dalili shine la’akari da hukumar PCB ko da yawa, kamar: Ayyukan lantarki, hanyar aiwatarwa, buƙatun aminci, tasirin EMC, da sauransu; Daga cikin abubuwan da za a yi la’akari da su, wutar lantarki ita ce mafi mahimmanci, amma EMC ita ce mafi wahalar fahimta, kuma ƙalubalen ayyukan da yawa yana cikin EMC. Mai zuwa daga kwatance 22 don raba allon PCB da EMC.

1, madaidaicin da’irar na iya zama da’irar PCB ƙirar EMI kewaye

Ana iya tunanin tasirin da ke sama akan EMC, matattarar shigarwar tana nan; Hasken walƙiya-tabbataccen matsin lamba; Resistance R102 don hana girgiza na yanzu (tare da ba da gudunmawa don rage asara); Yanayin kuskuren maɓalli X capacitance da Y capacitance tare da tace inductor; Akwai fuses da ke shafar hukumar tsaro; Kowane ɗayan waɗannan na’urori yana da mahimmanci, kuma yakamata a yaba aikin da aikin kowace naúrar a hankali. Yakamata a yi la’akari da tsananin ƙarfin EMC lokacin ƙira da kewaye, kamar adadin matattara da za a saita, lamba da wurin yawan y-capacitor. Zaɓin girman girman matsa lamba da yawa yana da alaƙa da abubuwan da muke buƙata don EMC. Barka da zuwa tattauna madaidaicin EMI da’irar wanda a zahiri ya ƙunshi gaskiyar gaskiya ga kowane ɓangaren.

2. Circuit da EMC: (sanannen babban juzu’in jirgin sama, duba waɗanne ɓangarori na kewaya sun ƙunshi injin EMC)

Sassan dawafi a cikin da’irar a cikin adadi na sama suna da mahimmanci ga EMC (lura cewa ɓangaren kore ba), kamar radiation. An sani cewa radiyon filin electromagnetic na sarari ne, amma ƙa’ida ta asali shine canjin juzu’i na magnetic, wanda ya haɗa da ingantaccen yanki na yanki na magnetic, wato madaidaicin madaidaici a cikin da’irar. Hanyoyin wutar lantarki na iya samar da filin magnetic, wanda ke da karko kuma ba za a iya canza shi zuwa filin lantarki ba. Amma canjin wutar lantarki mai canzawa yana haifar da canjin magnetic mai canzawa, kuma canjin filin magnetic na iya samar da filin lantarki (a zahiri, wannan shine sanannen lissafin Maxwell kuma ina amfani da harshe mai sauƙi), kuma canjin wutar lantarki shima yana iya samar da magnetic filin. Don haka ku tabbata kun mai da hankali ga wuraren da aka kunna/kashe jihohi, wannan shine ɗayan tushen EMC, kuma wannan shine ɗayan tushen EMC. Misali, madaidaicin layin madaidaici a cikin da’irar shine madaidaicin buɗewa da rufewa na bututu mai sauyawa. Ba wai kawai saurin sauyawa za a iya daidaita shi ba yayin ƙirar da’irar, amma kuma yankin madaurin wayoyi na allon shimfida yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan EMC! Sauran madaukai guda biyu sune madaukai na shayarwa da madaidaitan madaukai, da farko ku fahimta gaba, sannan kuyi magana!

3. Ƙungiya tsakanin ƙirar PCB da EMC

1.PcB madauki yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan EMC, kamar madaidaicin madaidaicin madauki. Idan ya yi yawa, hasken zai yi talauci.

2. Tasirin wayar tarho, ana amfani da tace don tace tsangwama, amma idan wayoyin PCB ba su da kyau, tace na iya rasa tasirin da yakamata ta yi.

3. Sashin tsarin, ƙirar ƙirar radiator ba ta da kyau za ta shafi faɗuwar sigar garkuwa;

4.

5. Wayar madaidaicin shakar RC.

6.Y capacitor grounding da wayoyi, kuma matsayin Y capacitor shima yana da mahimmanci!

Zan yi magana game da wannan, kuma zan ƙara yin magana game da shi, amma zan ba ku jagora.

Ga misali mai sauri:

Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin akwatin da aka yi ɗigo a cikin adadi na sama, an saka waƙaƙƙen firam ɗin X capacitor. Kuna iya koyan yadda ake yin waƙa ta filogi na waje (ta amfani da matsi na yanzu). Ta wannan hanyar, tasirin tacewar X capacitor na iya isa mafi kyawun yanayin.

4. Shiri don ƙirar PCB: (idan kun kasance cikin shiri, ƙirar na iya zama madaidaiciya mataki zuwa mataki don gujewa juyewar ƙirar da sake farawa)

Akwai kusan fannoni masu zuwa, sune tsarin ƙirar su don yin la’akari da shi, duk abubuwan da ke ciki ba su da alaƙa da sauran darussan, kawai taƙaitaccen ƙwarewar su ce.

1. Girman tsarin bayyanar, gami da rami na sakawa, shugabanci tashar tashar iska, shigarwa da soket, yana buƙatar dacewa da tsarin abokin ciniki, kuma yana buƙatar sadarwa tare da matsalolin taron abokin ciniki, iyakan tsayi da sauransu.

2. Takaddun aminci, samfura suna yin wace irin takaddun shaida, ina ainihin asalin rufin keɓaɓɓen nesa don barin isasshen, inda suke ƙarfafa rufin don barin isasshen nisa ko rami.

3. Tsarin kunshin: babu wani lokaci na musamman, kamar shiri don keɓaɓɓen marufi.

4. Zaɓin hanyar aiwatarwa: zaɓin panel guda biyu na zaɓin panel, ko allo mai ɗimbin yawa, gwargwadon ƙirar ƙirar da girman allo, farashi da sauran cikakken kimantawa.

5. Sauran buƙatun musamman na abokan ciniki.

Tsarin da aiwatarwa zai zama mafi sauƙin sassauƙa, ƙa’idodin aminci ko sashi mai daidaitacce, menene takaddun shaida da za a yi, waɗanne ƙa’idodin aminci, ba shakka, akwai wasu ƙa’idodin aminci na kowa a cikin ƙa’idodi da yawa, amma akwai wasu samfura na musamman kamar na likita magani zai zama mafi tsauri.

Don sabbin abokan aikin injiniyan shigarwa ba su girgiza ba;

Lissafi na gaba wasu samfuran janar gaba ɗaya, an taƙaita masu zuwa don takamaiman buƙatun zane na IEC60065, don buƙatun aminci da za a tuna, haɗuwa da takamaiman samfuran za a yi niyya aiki:

1. Nisa na kushin shigar da fiyu ya fi 3.0mm kamar yadda dokokin aminci ke buƙata, kuma farantin ainihin shine 3.5mm (magana kawai, nisan creepage na fis ɗin shine 3.5mm kafin kuma 3.0mm bayan).

2. Kafin da bayan gadar mai gyara, buƙatun aminci shine 2.0MM, kuma shimfidar farantin shine 2.5MM.

3. Bayan gyara, ƙa’idodin aminci gaba ɗaya basa buƙata, amma nisa tsakanin babba da ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki an bar shi gwargwadon ƙarfin lantarki, kuma an bar babban ƙarfin lantarki na 400V sama da 2.0mm.

4. Ka’idojin aminci na matakin farko suna buƙatar 6.4mm (rata ta lantarki), kuma tazarar creepage yakamata ta kasance 7.6mm. (Lura cewa wannan yana da alaƙa da ainihin ƙarfin shigarwar, yana buƙatar komawa zuwa tebur don takamaiman lissafi, bayanan da aka bayar don tunani kawai, dangane da ainihin yanayin)

5. An yi alamar ƙasa mai sanyi da ƙasa mai zafi don matakin farko; Alamar L, N, alamar shigar da AC, alamar faɗakarwa da sauransu yakamata a yi alama a sarari;

An sake maimaita cewa tazarar aminci na da alaƙa da ainihin ƙarfin shigarwar da yanayin aiki, don haka ya zama dole a koma kan teburin don ƙididdige takamaiman. Bayanai da aka bayar don tunani ne kawai kuma za su yi nasara a ainihin yanayin.

5. Yi la’akari da wasu dalilai don amincin ƙirar PCB

1. Fahimci abin da takaddun samfuransu ke yi da kuma waɗanne nau’ikan samfuran suke. Misali, magani, sadarwa, wutar lantarki, talabijin da sauransu sun bambanta, amma kuma akwai kamanceceniya da yawa.

2. A cikin ƙa’idodin aminci, fahimci halayen rufaffiyar wuri kusa da allon PCB, wanne wuri shine rufi na asali, wane wuri an ƙarfafa rufi, madaidaicin madaidaicin rufin ba ɗaya bane. Zai fi dacewa don bincika ƙa’idodi, kuma yana iya lissafin nisan wutar lantarki, nisan rarrafe.

3. Mayar da hankali kan na’urorin aminci na samfur, kamar alaƙar da ke tsakanin magnetism na transformer da gefen asali;

4. Radiator da matsalar tazarar da ke kewaye, ruɗar radiator ba ɗaya take da ƙasa ba ɗaya ba, ƙasa sanyi ce, rufi mai zafi rigar ɗaya ce.

5. Ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga nisan inshora, yana buƙatar wuri mafi tsauri. Nisa tsakanin gaba da baya na fis ɗin yayi daidai.

6. Dangantaka tsakanin Y capacitance da yayyowar ruwa da halin yanzu.

Da sauransu, zai yi bayani dalla -dalla yadda ake barin nesa, yadda ake yin buƙatun aminci.

6, ƙirar PCB na tsarin samar da wutar lantarki

1. Da farko auna girman girman PCB da adadin abubuwan da aka gyara, don samun ƙima mai kyau, ko mai kauri, ƙanƙani zai zama mummuna.

2. Modularize the circuit, take the core devices as the center, and place key keys first.

3. Na’urar tana tsaye ko a tsaye ta hana-sakawa, ɗayan kyakkyawa ce, ɗayan yana dacewa da aikin toshe, yanayi na musamman na iya ɗaukar karkatarwa.

4. Yi la’akari da yin amfani da cabling kuma shirya shimfidar wuri a cikin mafi dacewa don yin cabling na gaba.

5. Rage yankin madauki gwargwadon iko yayin tsarawa. Za a yi bayanin madaukai huɗu dalla -dalla daga baya.

Yi abubuwan da ke sama, ba shakka, yin amfani da sassauƙa, za a haifi ƙarin tsarin da ya dace nan ba da daɗewa ba.

Abubuwan da ke biyowa shine PCB budurwa ta farko da na zana, shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, yana da matukar wahala a gama, ƙila a sami ƙaramar matsala a tsakiya, amma babban jeri yana da darajar koyo:

A cikin wannan adadi, ƙarfin wutar har yanzu yana da girma. Sashin sarrafawa na LLC, ɓangaren tushen taimako da ɓangaren direba na BUCK (babban tashar fitarwa da yawa) yana kan ƙaramin jirgi, wanda ba a fitar da shi ba. Bari mu kalli halayen shimfidar babban ikon:

1. Tashar tashoshin shigarwa da fitarwa an kayyade kuma ba za a iya motsa su ba. Jirgin yana da kusurwa huɗu.

A nan shimfidar tana daga ƙasa zuwa sama, daga hagu zuwa dama, kuma watsawar zafi yana dogaro da harsashi.

2.EMI kewaye har yanzu bayyananne jagora mai gudana, wanda yake da mahimmanci, in ba haka ba ba kyakkyawa bane kuma mara kyau ga EMC.

3. Matsayin babban capacitor yakamata yayi la’akari da madaidaicin PFC da madaidaicin madaidaicin ikon LLC gwargwadon iko;

4. A halin yanzu na gefen gefe yana da girma. Domin gudanar da halin yanzu da kuma wargaza zafin bututun mai gyara, an karɓi wannan tsarin. Babban saman babban iko gabaɗaya yana da kyau, kuma kasan yana da kyau.

Kowane jirgi yana da halaye na kansa, ba shakka, yana da nasa matsalolin, yadda za a iya warware maɓalli cikin ma’ana, za mu iya fahimtar shimfidar zaɓin ma’ana mai ma’ana?

7. Godiya ga misalan PCB

Ina tsammanin wuri ne mai kyau don yin hakan. Tabbas, koyaushe za a sami lahani, wanda kuma ana iya nuna shi. Ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba don ƙungiya ɗaya ta zama mai ƙanƙantar da kai, don haka kuna iya amfani da wannan allon don koyo da tattaunawa! Bayan haka kuma zai kasance ga wannan kwamiti don bayyana ilmantarwa, da farko muna jin daɗi.

8. Fahimtar madaukai huɗu na ƙirar PCB: (ainihin abin da ake buƙata na shimfidar PCB shine ƙaramin yanki na madaukai huɗu)

Bugu da kari, madaidaicin shayarwa (shayarwar RCD, shaye -shaye na bututun MOS da shaye -shaye na bututu mai gyarawa) shima yana da matukar mahimmanci, wanda kuma shine madauki wanda ke haifar da matsanancin radiation. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi game da adadi na sama, kuna maraba da tattauna su. Ba mu tsoron kowane tambayoyi.

9. PCB ya zana tabo mai zafi (matattara mai yuwuwa) da waya ta ƙasa:

Batutuwa masu bukatar hankali:

1. Bayar da kulawa ta musamman ga wurare masu zafi (maɗaukakan maɗaukakan maɗaukaka), waɗanda sune maɗaukakiyar maɗaukakiyar maki. Tsarin kebul yana da babban tasiri akan EMC.

2. Madauki da aka kafa ta wurin ɗigo mai zafi ƙarami ne kuma waƙa ta takaice, kuma wayoyin ba su da kauri sosai, amma muddin abin da ake da shi ya isa.

3. Tilas ɗin ƙasa dole ne a kafa shi a wuri guda. Babban ikon ƙasa da siginar ƙasa daban, ƙasa samfurin tafi daban.

4. Ƙasar radiator tana buƙatar haɗawa da babban ikon ƙasa.