Ukuveliswa kweebhodi zeesekethe eziprintiweyo ngombane (emva koku kubizwa ngokuba yi PCBIimveliso bezisetyenziselwa urhwebo ukusukela ngo-1948 kwaye zaqala ukuvela kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngoo-1950. Umzi mveliso we-PCB yemveli lishishini elinomsebenzi kwaye amandla alo obuchwephesha asezantsi kunalawo e-semiconductor. Ukusukela kwii-2000s zakuqala, umzi mveliso we-semiconductor ngokuthe ngcembe usukile e-US nase-Japan waya eTaiwan nase China. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-China iye yaba ngumvelisi we-PCB onamandla emhlabeni, ebala ngaphezulu kwe-60% yemveliso ye-PCB yehlabathi.

Izixhobo zonyango:

Inkqubela phambili yanamhlanje kwisayensi yezonyango ibangelwe kukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwemveliso ye-elektroniki. Uninzi lwezixhobo zonyango (umzekelo, i-pH yeemitha, isivamvo sokubetha kwentliziyo, imilinganiselo yeqondo lobushushu, i-ELECTROcardiogram / i-EEG, izixhobo zeMRI, ii-X-reyi, iskena se-CT, izixhobo zoxinzelelo lwegazi, izixhobo zokulinganisa inqanaba leswekile yegazi, ii-incubators, izixhobo ze-microbiological, njl.) Zii-pcBS -basetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa komntu ngamnye. Ezi PCBS zihlala zihambelana kwaye zinee-coefficients ezincinci zemilo. Ukuziva ngokuxinana kuthetha ukubeka izinto ezincinci ze-SMT kubungakanani bePCB encinci. Ezi zixhobo zonyango zincinci, kulula ukuziphatha, zilula kwaye kulula ukuzisebenzisa.

Izixhobo zeshishini.

Ii-PCBS zikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso, kwimizi-mveliso nakwizityalo ezikufutshane. La mashishini anamandla oomatshini aqhutywa ziisekethe ezinamandla amakhulu ezifuna amandla amakhulu ngoku. Ukwenza oku, umaleko ophezulu wePCB wawutyabeka ngombala wobhedu, ongafaniyo nePCBS ezintsonkothileyo, ephethe i-amperes eyi-100 yangoku. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezinje nge-arc welding, i-servo motor driver enkulu, i-lead-acid ibhetri tshaja, ukungacaci kwelaphu lomqhaphu kushishino lomkhosi nakwimpahla.

Ukukhanya

Ekukhanyeni, ihlabathi liya kwizisombululo ezonga amandla. Ezi halogen bulbs zinqabile ngoku, kodwa ngoku sibona izibane ze-LED kunye ne-high-intensity leds ezijikeleze. Ezi zikhokelo zincinci zibonelela ngokukhanya okuphezulu kwaye zibekwe kwiPCBS yealuminium. I-Aluminium inepropathi yokufunxa ubushushu kunye nokuyihambisa emoyeni. Ke ngoko, ngenxa yamandla aphezulu, ezi PCBS zealuminium zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiisekethi zezibane ze-LED zamandla aphakathi kunye namandla aphezulu kwiisekethi ze-LED.

Zomatshini kunye aerospace

Olunye usetyenziso lwePCBS lukwimizi-mveliso yeemoto kunye nenqwelo moya. Into eqhelekileyo apha kukubuyiswa kwakhona kweenqwelomoya okanye iimoto. Ke, ukuze yanelise ukungcangcazela kwamandla amakhulu, i-PCB iba bhetyebhetye.

Ke ngoko, sebenzisa iPCB ebizwa ngokuba yiFlex PCB. I-PCB eguqukayo inokumelana nokungcangcazela okuphezulu kunye nobunzima bokukhanya, oko ke kunciphisa ubunzima ngokubanzi besiphekepheke. Ezi PCBS ziguquguqukayo zinokuhlengahlengiswa kwisithuba esincinci, esisibonelelo esikhulu. Ezi PCBS ziguqukayo zisebenza njengezihlanganisi, indawo yokuhlangana, kwaye zinokudityaniswa kwiindawo ezixineneyo, ezinje ngeepaneli ezingasemva, phantsi kweedeshbhodi, njl. Indibaniselwano ye-PCBS engqongqo kunye neguqukayo inokusetyenziswa (i-PCBS eqinileyo-eguqukayo).

Ukusuka kusasazo lweshishini lesicelo, izixhobo zombane zabathengi ziyeyona ndawo iphezulu, ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-39; Iikhompyuter zenze iipesenti ezingama-22; Unxibelelwano nge-14%; Ulawulo loshishino kunye nezixhobo zonyango zibalwa ngepesenti ezili-14; Izixhobo ze-elektroniki zezithuthi zenza i-6%. Ukhuselo kunye ne-aerospace zibalelwa kwi-5%, i-aerospace kunye nezixhobo zonyango kunye nezinye iinkalo zineemfuno eziphezulu zokuchaneka kwe-PCB.

I-PCB isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuba inezibonelelo ezininzi ezizodwa, ezinokushwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.

1. Ukuxinana okuphezulu.

Ngokuphuculwa kokudityaniswa kwesekethe nokudityaniswa kwetekhnoloji, ii-PCBS ezixineneyo zinokuphuhliswa.

2. Ukuthembeka okuphezulu.

Ngothotho lohlolo, iimvavanyo kunye neemvavanyo zokuguga, i-PCB inokuqinisekiswa ukuba isebenza ngokuthembekileyo ixesha elide.

3. Uyilo.

Kuzo zonke iintlobo zomsebenzi wePCB (zombane, ezomzimba, ezamachiza, ezomatshini, njl.

4. Imveliso.

Ngolawulo lwangoku, ukumiselwa komgangatho, ubungakanani (ubuninzi), oomatshini abazisebenzelayo kunye neminye imveliso inokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukungqinelana komgangatho wemveliso.

Ukuvavanywa.

Indlela yovavanyo epheleleyo ngokupheleleyo, imigangatho yovavanyo, izixhobo zovavanyo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo sele zimiselwe ukuvavanya kunye nokuchonga iimveliso zePBB zokungqinelana kunye nobomi benkonzo.

6.Ukuhlangana.

Iimveliso ze-PCB aziququzeleli kuphela indibano esemgangathweni yamacandelo ahlukeneyo, kodwa ikwaququzelela ukuveliswa okuzenzekelayo kunye nobunzima.

Kwangelo xesha, ii-PCBS kunye neendawo zokuhlanganisana zamacandelo ahlukeneyo zinokudityaniswa zibe ngamalungu amakhulu, iinkqubo, okanye oomatshini bonke.

7. Ukugcinwa.

Iimveliso zePCB kunye neendibano zamacandelo zibekwa emgangathweni ngenxa yokuba ziyilelwe kwaye zenziwa kumgangatho ofanayo.

Ngale ndlela, xa inkqubo isilele, inokukhawuleza, ngokulula kwaye ngokuguqukayo itshintshwe, kwaye ubuyisele ngokukhawuleza umsebenzi wenkqubo yenkonzo.