Amabhodi wesekethe aphrintiwe ngogesi (ngemuva kwalokhu abizwa nge PCBimikhiqizo ibisetshenziswa ukuhweba kusukela ngo-1948 futhi yaqala ukuvela futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ngawo-1950. Imboni yendabuko ye-PCB iyimboni efuna abasebenzi abaningi futhi umfutho wayo wobuchwepheshe uphansi kunemboni ye-semiconductor. Kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-2000, imboni yama-semiconductor iye yahamba kancane isuka e-US naseJapan iya eTaiwan naseChina. Kuze kube manje, iChina isibe ngumkhiqizi we-PCB onamandla emhlabeni, obala ngaphezu kuka-60% wokukhishwa kwe-PCB emhlabeni.

Imishini yezokwelapha:

Intuthuko yanamuhla kwisayensi yezokwelapha ngokuphelele ingenxa yokuthuthuka okusheshayo komkhakha we-elekthronikhi. Imishini eminingi yezokwelapha (isb., Amamitha we-pH, izinzwa zokushaya kwenhliziyo, izilinganiso zokushisa, i-ELECTROcardiogram / i-EEG, amadivayisi we-MRI, ama-X-ray, ama-CT scan, amadivayisi we-blood pressure, amadivayisi wokulinganisa izinga le-glucose egazi, ama-incubator, amadivayisi we-microbiological, njll.) Yi-pcBS Kususelwa ekusetshenzisweni ngakunye. Lawa ma-PCBS ngokuvamile ahlanganisiwe futhi anama-coefficients amancane womumo. Izinzwa zobuningi zisho ukubeka izinto ezincane ze-SMT ngosayizi abancane be-PCB. Le mishini yezokwelapha incane, kulula ukuyiphatha, ilula futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.

Imishini yezimboni.

Ama-PCBS asetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni, ezimbonini nasezitshalweni eziseduze. Lezi zimboni zinemishini yamandla amakhulu eqhutshwa amasekethe asebenza ngamandla amakhulu adinga i-current enkulu. Ukwenza lokhu, ungqimba oluphezulu lwe-PCB luboshwe ngogqinsi oluminyene lwethusi, okuthi, ngokungafani ne-PCBS ye-elektroniki eyinkimbinkimbi, ithwala umsinga ofinyelela kuma-amperes ayi-100. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kuzicelo ezinjenge-arc welding, ama-servo motor driver amakhulu, amashaja e-lead-acid battery, ukungacaci kwendwangu kakotini embonini yezempi nasezingutsheni.

Ukukhanya

Ekukhanyeni, umhlaba ubheke ezixazululweni ezonga ugesi. Lawa ma-halogen bulbs awavamile manje, kepha manje sibona izibani ze-LED kanye nama-high-intens leds azungeze. Lawa ma-leds amancane ahlinzeka ngokukhanya okuphezulu futhi afakwe kuma-PCBS asuselwa ku-aluminium. I-Aluminium inempahla yokwamukela ukushisa nokuyikhipha emoyeni. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yamandla aphezulu, la ma-PCBS e-aluminium asetshenziswa kakhulu kumasekethe we-LED wamasekethe wamandla aphakathi naphezulu.

Izithuthi kanye ne-aerospace

Olunye uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-PCBS lusezimbonini zezimoto nezasemkhathini. Isici esivamile lapha ukubuyiswa kabusha kwezindiza ezihambayo noma izimoto. Ngakho-ke, ukuze yanelise lokhu kudlidlizela ngamandla amakhulu, i-PCB iyaguquguquka.

Ngakho-ke, sebenzisa i-PCB ebizwa nge-Flex PCB. I-PCB eguquguqukayo ingamelana nokudlidliza okuphezulu nesisindo esincane, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise isisindo sonke somkhumbi-mkhathi. Lawa ma-PCBS aguquguqukayo nawo angashintshwa esikhaleni esincane, okuyinzuzo enkulu futhi. Lawa ma-PCBS aguquguqukayo asebenza njengezixhumi, izixhumi ezibonakalayo, futhi angahlanganiswa ezindaweni ezibumbene, njengamaphaneli angemuva, ngaphansi kwamadeshibhodi, njll. Inhlanganisela ye-PCBS eqinile futhi eguquguqukayo nayo ingasetshenziswa (i-PCBS eqinile-eguquguqukayo).

Kusukela ekusatshalalisweni kwemboni yezicelo, i-electronics yomthengi iba nesilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu, kufika kuma-39%; Amakhompyutha abe ne-22%; Ezokuxhumana u-14%; Izilawuli zezimboni nemishini yezokwelapha zaba ngamaphesenti ayi-14; Ezobuchwepheshe bezimoto zibalwe ngo-6%. Ezokuvikela nezasemkhathini zibalwa ngama-5%, amadivayisi e-aerospace kanye nezokwelapha neminye imikhakha inezidingo eziphezulu zokunemba kwe-PCB.

I-PCB isetshenziswa kabanzi ngoba inezinzuzo eziningi ezihlukile, ezingafingqwa ngokulandelayo.

1. Ubuningi obukhulu.

Ngokuthuthuka kokuhlanganiswa kwesekethe okuhlanganisiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe bokufaka, ama-PCBS aphezulu angakhiwa.

2. Ukuthembeka okuphezulu.

Ngochungechunge lokuhlolwa, ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa kokuguga, i-PCB ingaqinisekiswa ukuthi izosebenza ngokuthembekile isikhathi eside.

3. Ukuhleleka.

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokusebenza kwe-PCB (izidingo zikagesi, ezomzimba, ezamakhemikhali, ezomshini, njll.), Kungenziwa zifane ngokuklanywa, ukwenza imigomo kanye nezinye izindlela zokufeza isikhathi sokuklanywa kwebhodi ephrintiwe, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu.

4. Ukukhiqiza.

Ngokuphathwa kwanamuhla, ukwenziwa kwamazinga, ubukhulu (ubuningi), ukuzenzekelayo nokunye ukukhiqiza kungenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuvumelana kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

Ukuhlolwa.

Indlela yokuhlola ephelele, amazinga wokuhlola, imishini yokuhlola ehlukahlukene kanye nezinsimbi kusungulwe ukuhlola nokukhomba imikhiqizo ye-PCB yokuvumelana nempilo yesevisi.

6. Ukuhlangana.

Imikhiqizo ye-PCB ayigcini nje ngokuhambisa ukuhlangana okuhleliwe kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene, kepha futhi yenza lula ukukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo nokwenziwe ngobuningi.

Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-PCBS nezingxenye zomhlangano zezinto ezahlukahlukene zingahlanganiswa zibe izingxenye ezinkulu, amasistimu, noma imishini yonke.

7. Ukugcinwa.

Imikhiqizo ye-PCB nemihlangano yento ethile ifakiwe ngoba yakhelwe futhi yenziwa ngesilinganiso esimisiwe.

Ngale ndlela, uma uhlelo lwehluleka, lungashintshwa ngokushesha, kalula futhi kalula, futhi lubuyise ngokushesha umsebenzi wohlelo lwensizakalo.