Common pini mitundu mu PCB kamangidwe

Mu mapangidwe a PCB omwe amayenera kulumikizana ndi makina akunja, muyenera kuganizira mapini ndi ma sockets. Mapangidwe a PCB mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina amaphatikizapo mapini osiyanasiyana.

Mukasakatula m’mabuku ambiri opanga, mupeza kuti mitundu ya zikhomo nthawi zambiri imagawidwa m’magulu otsatirawa:

1. Single / mizere iwiri singano

2. Turret pini yotsekedwa

3. zikhomo PCB soldering

4. Zikhomo zotsekera

5. Soldering chikho otsiriza pini

6. Zikhomo zotsekera

7. Pini yotsekera

Zambiri mwa zikhomozi zimaphatikizidwa ndi zitsulo zawo ndipo zimapangidwa ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana. Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zikhomozi ndi mkuwa wa beryllium, nickel beryllium, alloys amkuwa, bronze ya phosphor, ndi copper tellurium. Mapiniwo amakutidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zochizira pamwamba, monga mkuwa, lead, malata, siliva, golide ndi faifi tambala.

Zikhomo zina zimagulitsidwa kapena kudulidwa ku mawaya, koma mapini (monga mapulagi, ma solder mounts, press fit, ndi turret samples) amaikidwa pa PCB.

Kodi mungasankhire bwanji pini yoyenera pamapangidwe a PCB?

Kusankha ma pini a PCB kumafuna malingaliro ochepa kwambiri kuposa zida zina zamagetsi. Kuyang’anira tsatanetsatane wamakina kapena zamagetsi kumatha kubweretsa zovuta pamachitidwe kapena ma PCB opanga.

Posankha PCB zikhomo, muyenera kuganizira mbali zotsatirazi.

1. Lembani

Mwachiwonekere, muyenera kudziwa mtundu wa pini wa PCB womwe umagwirizana ndi kapangidwe kanu. Ngati mukuyang’ana mapini opangira ma board-to-board, mitu ndiye chisankho choyenera. Mitu ya pini nthawi zambiri imayikidwa kudzera m’mabowo, koma palinso matembenuzidwe okwera pamwamba, omwe ali abwino kwambiri kuti azisonkhana.

M’zaka zaposachedwapa, solderless luso wapereka njira zambiri kwa zikhomo PCB. Press fit pins ndi yabwino kuchotsa kuwotcherera. Zapangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi mabowo a PCB ophimbidwa ndikupereka makina otetezeka komanso kupitilira kwamagetsi. Mitu ya pini ya mzere umodzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa board-to-board ndi waya-to-board.

2. Phokoso

Zikhomo zina za PCB zimapereka makulidwe osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mitu ya pini ya mizere iwiri nthawi zambiri imakhala 2.54mm, 2mm ndi 1.27mm. Kuphatikiza pa kukula kwa phula, kukula ndi kuvoteredwa kwa pini iliyonse ndizosiyana.

3. Zinthu

Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyala zikhomo zimatha kubweretsa kusiyana kwa mtengo ndi madulidwe. Mapini okutidwa ndi golide nthawi zambiri amakhala okwera mtengo kuposa mapini okutidwa ndi malata, koma amakhala abwino kwambiri.

PCB kapangidwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zikhomo

Monga msonkhano wina uliwonse wa PCB, pali zidule zomwe zingakupulumutseni ku nkhawa mukamagwiritsa ntchito zikhomo zolumikizira ndi zolumikizira. Imodzi mwa malamulo ofunikira kwambiri ndikuyika kukula kwa dzenje lodzaza bwino. Chonde nthawi zonse tchulani kukula koyenera kwa phazi komwe wopanga amalimbikitsa. Kudzaza mabowo ang’onoang’ono kapena akulu kwambiri kungayambitse vuto la msonkhano.

Makhalidwe amagetsi a mapini otsiriza nawonso ndi ofunika kwambiri, makamaka pamene pali mphamvu yaikulu yodutsamo. Muyenera kugawa mapini okwanira kuti muwonetsetse kuti pakufunika kutero popanda kuyambitsa vuto la kutentha.

Chilolezo cha makina ndi kuyika ndizofunikira pamapini amutu a PCB a phukusi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mapulagi polumikizana ndi board-to-board kungakhale kovuta. Kuphatikiza pa kuyanjanitsa koyenera, ziyeneranso kuwonetseredwa kuti palibe zigawo zapamwamba monga zophimba za electrolytic zomwe zimalepheretsa kusiyana pakati pa ma PCB awiriwa. Chimodzimodzinso ndi mapini a phukusi omwe amapitilira m’mphepete mwa PCB.

Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito pobowo kapena zikhomo zapamtunda, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mpumulo wamafuta wayikidwa pa poligoni yapansi yolumikizidwa ndi piniyo. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti kutentha komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi ya soldering sikungatheke mwamsanga ndipo pambuyo pake kumakhudza zida za solder.