1 Ngwa nke eriri laser

The elu-njupụta PCB mbadamba bụ a multi-layer Ọdịdị, nke kewapụrụ site insulating resin agwakọta na iko eriri ihe, na a conductive oyi akwa nke ọla kọpa na-etinyere n’etiti ha. Mgbe ahụ, a na-ejikọta ya na laminated. Ọgụgụ 1 na-egosi akụkụ nke bọọdụ 4-layer. Ụkpụrụ nke nhazi laser bụ iji eriri laser na-elekwasị anya n’elu PCB iji gbazee ozugbo na vaporize ihe ahụ iji mepụta obere oghere. Ebe ọ bụ na ọla kọpa na resin bụ ihe abụọ dị iche iche, okpomọkụ na-agbaze nke foil ọla kọpa bụ 1084 Celsius C, ebe okpomọkụ na-agbaze nke resin mkpuchi bụ naanị 200-300 ° C. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa iji ezi uche họrọ na n’ụzọ ziri ezi akara paramita dị ka beam wavelength, mode, dayameta, na pulse mgbe etinyere mkpọpu laser.

1.1 Mmetụta nke ogologo wavelength na ọnọdụ na nhazi

Gịnị bụ ngwa nke laser nhazi na elu-njupụta PCB n’ichepụta

Ọgụgụ 1 Nleba anya akụkụ nke PCB 4-layer

Enwere ike ịhụ site na eserese 1 na laser na-ebu ụzọ hazie foil ọla kọpa mgbe ọ na-agbawa, na ọnụego nnabata nke ọla kọpa na laser na-abawanye site na mmụba nke ogologo ogologo. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nnabata laser YAG/UV nke 351 ruo 355 m dị elu dị ka 70%. Enwere ike iji laser YAG/UV ma ọ bụ usoro nkpuchi conformal mebie bọọdụ ndị e biri ebi. Iji mee ka njikọ nke PCB dị elu dị elu, akwa mkpuchi ọla kọpa ọ bụla bụ naanị 18μm, na mkpụrụ osisi resin n’okpuru foil ọla kọpa nwere nnukwu nnabata nke laser carbon dioxide (ihe dị ka 82%), nke na-enye ọnọdụ maka ngwa ahụ. nke carbon dioxide laser perforation. N’ihi na mgbanwe mgbanwe fotoelectric na nhazi arụmọrụ nke laser carbon dioxide dị elu karịa nke laser YAG/UV, ọ bụrụhaala na enwere ike ọkụ zuru oke ma na-edozi foil ọla kọpa iji mee ka ọnụọgụ nke laser ahụ dịkwuo elu, carbon dioxide laser. enwere ike iji meghee PCB ozugbo.

Ụdị ntụgharị nke eriri laser nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na akụkụ dị iche iche na mmepụta ike nke laser. Iji nweta ike ọkụ zuru oke, ọ dị mkpa ịnweta ụdị mmepụta ihe dị mma. Ọnọdụ dị mma bụ ịmepụta ihe nrụpụta ọnọdụ Gaussian dị ala dị ka egosiri na eserese 2. N’ụzọ dị otú a, enwere ike nweta ike dị elu nke ike, nke na-enye ihe dị mkpa maka ọkụ ahụ na-elekwasị anya nke ọma na oghere.

Gịnị bụ ngwa nke laser nhazi na elu-njupụta PCB n’ichepụta

Ọgụgụ 2 nkesa ike Gaussian dị ọnụ ala

Enwere ike nweta ọnọdụ dị ala site na ịmegharị paramita nke resonator ma ọ bụ tinye diaphragm. Ọ bụ ezie na ntinye nke diaphragm na-ebelata mmepụta nke ike ọkụ, ọ nwere ike igbochi laser mode nke dị elu iji sonye na perforation ma nyere aka melite gburugburu nke obere oghere. .

1.2 Inweta micropores

Mgbe ahọpụtara ogologo wavelength na ụdị nke beam, iji nweta oghere dị mma na PCB, a ghaghị ịchịkwa dayameta nke ntụpọ ahụ. Naanị ma ọ bụrụ na dayameta nke ntụpọ ahụ dị ntakịrị, ike ahụ nwere ike itinye uche na ikpochapụ efere ahụ. Enwere ọtụtụ ụzọ isi dozie dayameta ntụpọ, tumadi site na nleba anya lensị okirikiri. Mgbe ọnọdụ Gaussian na-abanye na oghere ahụ, enwere ike gbakọọ dayameta ntụpọ dị n’azụ ụgbọ elu nke oghere ahụ na usoro ndị a:

D≈λF/(πd)

N’ime usoro a: F bụ ogologo isi; d bụ ntụpọ ntụpọ nke oghere Gaussian nke mmadụ tụrụ n’elu lens; λ bụ ogologo ikuku laser.

Enwere ike ịhụ site na usoro ahụ na ka dayameta ihe merenụ na-abawanye, ebe a na-elekwasị anya na-adị ntakịrị. Mgbe akwadoro ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, mbelata ogologo isi ihe na-eme ka ibelata dayameta beam. Otú ọ dị, mgbe F dị mkpụmkpụ, a na-ebelatakwa anya n’etiti oghere na workpiece. Slag nwere ike ịgbasa n’elu oghere n’oge a na-egwupụta ihe, nke ga-emetụta mmetụta mkpọpu na ndụ nke oghere ahụ. N’okwu a, enwere ike itinye ngwaọrụ inyeaka n’akụkụ oghere na gas. Mee nhicha.

1.3 Mmetụta nke pulse beam

A na-eji laser multi-pulse maka mkpọpu mmiri, na njupụta ike nke laser pulsed ga-enwerịrị opekempe iru okpomọkụ evaporation nke foil ọla kọpa. N’ihi na ike nke otu-pulse laser ebelatawo mgbe ọ na-ere ọkụ site na mpempe ọla kọpa, a pụghị ikpochapụ ihe ndị dị n’okpuru ya nke ọma, a ga-emepụta ọnọdụ ahụ gosipụtara na Fig. 3a, nke mere na enweghi ike ịmepụta oghere site na oghere. Otú ọ dị, ike nke ọkụ ahụ ekwesịghị ịdị elu mgbe ị na-akụ ọkpọ, na ike dị oke elu. Mgbe abanyechara ọla kọpa ahụ, ablation nke mkpụrụ ahụ ga-adị oke ukwuu, na-eme ka ọnọdụ ahụ dị na Figure 3b, nke na-adịghị mma maka nhazi nhazi nke bọọdụ sekit. Ọ kachasị mma ịmepụta obere oghere ndị nwere ụkpụrụ oghere dị ntakịrị dị ka egosiri na Fig 3c. Usoro oghere a nwere ike inye mma maka usoro ịtinye ọla kọpa na-esote.

Gịnị bụ ngwa nke laser nhazi na elu-njupụta PCB n’ichepụta

Ọgụgụ 3 Ụdị oghere na-edozi site na lasers ume dị iche iche

Iji nweta ụkpụrụ oghere ahụ egosiri na eserese 3c, enwere ike iji ụdị ikuku laser pulsed nke nwere ọnụ elu ihu (Foto 4). The elu pulse ume na n’ihu ọgwụgwụ nwere ike ablate ọla kọpa foil, na otutu pulses na obere ume na azụ azụ nwere ike ablate ihe mkpuchi ihe na-eme ka oghere miri emi ruo mgbe ala ọla kọpa foil.

Gịnị bụ ngwa nke laser nhazi na elu-njupụta PCB n’ichepụta

Onyonyo 4 Pulse laser waveform

2 Mmetụta ọkụ laser

N’ihi na ihe onwunwe nke ihe mkpuchi ọla kọpa na ihe dị iche iche dị nnọọ iche, ọkụ laser na ihe nkedo sekit na-emekọ ihe iji mepụta mmetụta dị iche iche, nke nwere mmetụta dị mkpa na oghere, omimi, na ụdị oghere nke micropores.

2.1 Ntughari na nnabata nke laser

Mmekọrịta dị n’etiti laser na PCB na-ebu ụzọ malite site na laser merenụ na-egosipụta ma na-etinye uche ya site na foil ọla kọpa n’elu. N’ihi na foil ọla kọpa nwere obere nnabata nke infrared wavelength carbon dioxide laser, ọ siri ike ịhazi yana arụmọrụ ya dị oke ala. Akụkụ a na-etinye n’ime ọkụ nke ọkụ ahụ ga-eme ka ume ọkụ eletrik efu nke ihe mkpuchi ọla kọpa, na ọtụtụ n’ime ya ga-agbanwe n’ime ike ọkụ nke foil ọla kọpa site na mmekọrịta nke electrons na crystal lattices ma ọ bụ ions. Nke a na-egosi na ka ọ na-emeziwanye ogo beam, ọ dị mkpa iji mee ọgwụgwọ mbụ n’elu ihe mkpuchi ọla kọpa. Enwere ike kpuchie elu nke foil ọla kọpa na ihe ndị na-eme ka ọkụ ọkụ dịkwuo elu iji mee ka ọnụọgụ nke ìhè laser dịkwuo elu.

2.2 Ọrụ nke mmetụta beam

N’oge nhazi laser, ọkụ ọkụ na-egbukepụ ihe mkpuchi ọla kọpa, na foil ọla kọpa na-ekpo ọkụ na vaporization, na okpomọkụ nke uzuoku dị elu, nke dị mfe ịkụda na ionize, ya bụ, plasma na-emepụta foto na-emepụta site na mkpali ọkụ. . Plasma nke foto na-ebute bụ n’ozuzu plasma nke vepo ihe. Ọ bụrụ na ike na-ebunye na workpiece site na plasma karịrị mfu nke ike ọkụ natara site workpiece kpatara site absorption nke plasma. Plasma kama na-eme ka nnabata nke ike laser site na workpiece. Ma ọ bụghị ya, plasma na-egbochi laser ma na-ebelata nnabata nke laser site na workpiece. Maka laser carbon dioxide, plasma na-ebute foto nwere ike ịbawanye ọnụego nnabata nke foil ọla kọpa. Otú ọ dị, oke plasma ga-eme ka ọkụ na-agbaji mgbe ọ na-agafe, nke ga-emetụta nhazi nhazi nke oghere ahụ. N’ozuzu, a na-achịkwa njupụta ike laser na uru kwesịrị ekwesị n’okpuru 107 W/cm2, nke nwere ike ịchịkwa plasma nke ọma.

Mmetụta pinhole na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa n’ịkwalite nnabata nke ike ọkụ na usoro mgbapu laser. Laser na-aga n’ihu na-ewepụ mkpụrụ osisi ahụ mgbe ọ gbachara site na foil ọla kọpa. Mkpụrụ ahụ nwere ike ịmịnye nnukwu ọkụ ọkụ, na-eme ka ike gwụ ya ma gbasaa, na nrụgide nke a na-emepụta nwere ike ịbụ ihe a wụrụ awụ na-atụpụ ka ọ bụrụ obere oghere. Obere oghere na-ejupụtakwa na plasma nke na-ebute foto, na ike laser na-abanye n’ime obere oghere nwere ike ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ kpamkpam site na ntụgharị uche dị iche iche nke mgbidi oghere na omume nke plasma (Fig 5). N’ihi nnabata plasma, njupụta ike laser na-agafe na obere oghere na ala nke obere oghere ga-ebelata, na njupụta ike laser dị na ala nke obere oghere ahụ dị mkpa iji mepụta ụfọdụ nrụgide vaporization iji nọgide na-enwe ụfọdụ omimi. obere oghere, nke na-ekpebi omimi ntinye nke usoro nhazi.

Gịnị bụ ngwa nke laser nhazi na elu-njupụta PCB n’ichepụta

Ọgụgụ 5 Ntụgharị laser n’ime oghere

Nkọwa 3

Ngwa nke teknụzụ nhazi laser nwere ike melite arụmọrụ mkpọpu nke obere oghere PCB dị elu. Nlele na-egosi na: ①N’ijikọta na teknụzụ njikwa ọnụọgụ, enwere ike ịhazi ihe karịrị 30,000 micro-oghere kwa nkeji na bọọdụ e biri ebi, oghere dị n’etiti 75 na 100; ② Ngwa nke laser UV nwere ike ime ka oghere na-erughị 50μm ma ọ bụ obere, nke na-emepụta ọnọdụ maka ịgbasawanye ohere ojiji nke mbadamba PCB.