Ukuzwela okokusebenza kwe-elekthronikhi kuya ngokuya kuya phezulu, okudinga ukuthi okokusebenza kube nekhono eliqinile lokulwa nokuphazamiseka. Ngakho-ke, PCB design isibe nzima kakhulu. Indlela yokuthuthukisa ikhono lokulwa nokuphazamiseka kwe-PCB isiphenduke enye yezindaba ezibalulekile onjiniyela abaningi abazinaka. Lesi sihloko sizokwethula amathiphu athile okunciphisa umsindo nokuphazamiseka kazibuthe kagesi ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB.

Okulandelayo ngamathiphu angama-24 okunciphisa umsindo nokuphazamiseka kazibuthe ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB, okufingqiwe ngemva kweminyaka yokuklama:

(1) Ama-chips anesivinini esiphansi angasetshenziswa esikhundleni sama-chips anesivinini esikhulu. Ama-chips anesivinini esikhulu asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibalulekile.

(2) I-resistor ingaxhunywa ochungechungeni ukuze kuncishiswe izinga lokugxuma lamaphethelo aphezulu naphansi wesekethe yokulawula.

(3) Zama ukunikeza uhlobo oluthile lokudambisa ama-relay, njll.

(4) Sebenzisa iwashi lemvamisa eliphansi kakhulu elihlangabezana nezidingo zohlelo.

(5) Ijeneretha yewashi iseduze ngangokunokwenzeka kudivayisi esebenzisa iwashi. Igobolondo le-quartz crystal oscillator kufanele libe phansi.

(6) Vala indawo yewashi ngocingo oluphansi futhi ugcine ucingo lwewashi lufushane ngangokunokwenzeka.

(8) Isiphetho esingenamsebenzi se-MCD kufanele sixhunywe phezulu, noma sisekelwe phansi, noma sichazwe njengesiphetho esiphumayo, futhi isiphetho sesekethe ehlanganisiwe okufanele ixhunywe endaweni yokuphakela amandla kufanele ixhunywe, futhi akufanele ishiywe intanta. .

(9) Ungayishiyi itheminali yokufaka yesekethe yesango engasetshenziswa. Itheminali yokufaka evumayo ye-amplifier yokusebenza engasetshenzisiwe isekelwe, futhi i-terminal yokufaka engemihle ixhunywe ku-terminal okukhiphayo.

(10) Kumabhodi aphrintiwe, zama ukusebenzisa imigqa engu-45 esikhundleni semigqa engu-90 ukuze unciphise ukukhishwa kwangaphandle nokuhlanganisa amasignali amaza aphezulu.

(11) The printed board is partitioned according to the frequency and current switching characteristics, and the noise components and non-noise components should be farther apart.

(12) Sebenzisa amandla ephuzu elilodwa kanye nesisekelo sephoyinti elilodwa kumaphaneli angawodwa nakabili. Intambo yamandla kanye nomugqa ophansi kufanele kube ugqinsi ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma umnotho uthengeka, sebenzisa ibhodi lezendlalelo eziningi ukuze unciphise i-capacitive inductance yokunikezwa kwamandla kanye nomhlabathi.

(13) Iwashi, ibhasi, namasignali akhethiwe kufanele kube kude nemigqa ye-I/O nezixhumi.

(14) Ulayini wokufaka kagesi we-analog kanye netheminali ye-voltage eyireferensi kufanele kube kude ngangokunokwenzeka nolayini wesignali yesekethe yedijithali, ikakhulukazi iwashi.

(15) Kumadivayisi e-A/D, ingxenye yedijithali kanye nengxenye ye-analogi kungcono kuhlanganiswe kunokuwela.

(16) Ulayini wewashi oqonde ngqo kumugqa we-I/O unokuphazanyiswa okuncane kunomugqa we-I/O ohambisanayo, futhi izikhonkwane zengxenye yewashi zikude nekhebuli ye-I/O.

(17) Izikhonkwane zengxenye kufanele zibe zifushane ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi izikhonkwane ze-capacitor zokuxhuma kufanele zibe zifushane ngangokunokwenzeka.

(18) Umugqa wokhiye kufanele ube ugqinsi ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi indawo eyisivikelo kufanele yengezwe nhlangothi zombili. Umugqa wejubane eliphezulu kufanele ube mfushane futhi uqonde.

(19) Imigqa ezwelayo emsindweni akufanele ihambisane nemigqa yokushintsha yamanje, enesivinini esikhulu.

(20) Ungazihambisi izintambo ngaphansi kwekristalu ye-quartz nangaphansi kwemishini ezwa umsindo.

(21) Kumasekhethi esignali abuthakathaka, ungenzi amaluphu amanje eduze kwamasekhethi anemvamisa ephansi.

(22) Ungenzi iluphu kusiginali. Uma kungenakugwema, yenza indawo yeluphu ibencane ngangokunokwenzeka.

(23) One decoupling capacitor per integrated circuit. A small high-frequency bypass capacitor must be added to each electrolytic capacitor.

(24) Sebenzisa ama-tantalum capacitor amakhulu noma ama-juku capacitor esikhundleni sama-electrolytic capacitor ukuze ushaje futhi ukhiphe ama-capacitor okugcina amandla. Uma usebenzisa ama-tubular capacitors, icala kufanele libekwe phansi.