Tare da haɓakar haɗaɗɗen fitowar da’irar saurin juyawa da Kwamitin PCB yawa, Mutuncin Sigina ya zama ɗaya daga cikin batutuwan da dole ne a damu da su a cikin ƙirar PCB na dijital mai sauri. Sigogi na abubuwan haɗin da allon PCB, shimfidar abubuwan akan allon PCB, wayoyin layin siginar sauri da sauran abubuwan, Zai iya haifar da matsaloli tare da amincin sigina.

Don shimfidar PCB, amincin siginar yana buƙatar shimfidar jirgi wanda baya shafar lokacin siginar ko ƙarfin lantarki, yayin da wayoyin kewaya, amincin siginar yana buƙatar abubuwan ƙarewa, dabarun shimfidawa, da bayanan wayoyi. Babban siginar siginar akan PCB, sakawa ba daidai ba na ƙarshen abubuwan, ko ba daidai ba na siginar siginar sauri na iya haifar da matsalolin amincin sigina, wanda na iya haifar da tsarin fitar da bayanan da ba daidai ba, da’irar ta yi aiki daidai ko ba ta aiki kwata-kwata. Yadda ake ɗaukar amincin siginar cikin cikakkiyar la’akari da ɗaukar matakan sarrafawa masu tasiri a ƙirar PCB ya zama babban abin magana a masana’antar ƙirar PCB.

Amintaccen sigina Matsala Kyakkyawar siginar siginar tana nufin cewa siginar na iya amsawa tare da madaidaicin ƙima da ƙimar matakin ƙarfin wuta lokacin da ake buƙata. Sabanin haka, lokacin da siginar bata amsa yadda yakamata ba, akwai matsalar mutuncin sigina. Matsalolin amincin sigina na iya haifar da ko kai tsaye suna haifar da murɗaɗɗen sigina, kurakuran lokaci, bayanan da ba daidai ba, adireshi da layukan sarrafawa, da rashin aiki na tsarin, ko ma faɗuwar tsarin. A cikin aiwatar da ƙirar ƙirar PCB, mutane sun tara ƙa’idodin ƙirar PCB da yawa. A cikin ƙirar PCB, amincin siginar PCB za a iya samun nasara mafi kyau ta hanyar yin la’akari da waɗannan ƙa’idodin ƙira.

Lokacin ƙera PCB, yakamata mu fara fahimtar bayanan ƙira na dukkan allon kewaye, wanda galibi ya haɗa da:

1. Yawan na’urori, girman na’urar, fakitin na’ura, ƙimar guntu, ko PCB ya kasu zuwa ƙananan gudu, matsakaicin gudu da yanki mai saurin gudu, wanda shine shigarwar dubawa da yankin fitarwa;

2. Bukatun shimfidawa gabaɗaya, wurin shimfidar wuri, ko akwai babban na’urar wuta, guntu na’urar zafi watsa buƙatu na musamman;

3. Nau’in layin sigina, saurin gudu da jagorancin watsawa, buƙatun sarrafa rashin ƙarfi na layin siginar, jagorar saurin bas da yanayin tuƙi, siginar maɓalli da matakan kariya;

4. Nau’in samar da wutan lantarki, nau’in ƙasa, buƙatun haƙuri na hayaniya don samar da wutar lantarki da ƙasa, saiti da rarrabuwar wutar lantarki da jirgin ƙasa;

5. Nau’i da ƙimar layin agogo, tushe da jagorancin layin agogo, buƙatun jinkirin agogo, buƙatun layi mafi tsayi.

PCB zane zane

Bayan fahimtar mahimman bayanai na hukumar da’irar, ya zama dole a auna buƙatun ƙira na ƙimar kuɗin da’irar da amincin siginar, kuma zaɓi adadi mai yawa na yadudduka wayoyi. A halin yanzu, da’irar sannu-sannu ta haɓaka daga sannu-sannu guda ɗaya, Layer biyu da Layer huɗu zuwa ƙarin allon kewaye mai yawa. Tsarin PCB da yawa yana iya haɓaka yanayin tunani na zirga-zirgar siginar da samar da hanyar dawowa don sigina, wanda shine babban ma’auni don cimma amincin siginar mai kyau. Lokacin tsara PCB layering, bi waɗannan ƙa’idodi:

1. Jirgin da ake magana da shi zai fi dacewa ya zama jirgin ƙasa. Dukansu wutar lantarki da jirgin ƙasa za a iya amfani da su azaman jirgin bincike, kuma duka biyun suna da wani aikin kariya. Duk da haka, tasirin garkuwar jirgin sama mai ba da wutar lantarki ya yi ƙasa da na jirgin ƙasa saboda mafi girman halayensa da babban bambanci tsakanin jirgin samar da wutar lantarki da matakin ƙasa.

2. Kewaya dijital da kewaye analog ne. Inda farashin ƙira ya ba da izini, yana da kyau a shirya madaidaicin dijital da analog a kan yadudduka daban. Idan dole ne a shirya a cikin layin wayoyi iri ɗaya, zai iya amfani da rami, ƙara layin ƙasa, hanya kamar rarraba layin don magancewa. Analog da ƙarfin dijital da ƙasa dole ne a raba su, ba a taɓa haɗuwa ba.

3. Maɓallin siginar maɓalli na yadudduka na kusa ba ya ƙetare yankin rarrabuwa. Alamu za su samar da madaidaicin madaidaicin siginar a duk faɗin yankin kuma su samar da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. Idan kebul ɗin siginar dole ne ya ƙetare yankin lokacin da aka raba kebul ɗin ƙasa, za a iya haɗa ma’ana ɗaya tsakanin ƙasa don samar da gadar haɗi tsakanin maki biyu na ƙasa, sannan za a iya juya kebul ɗin ta hanyar gadar haɗin.

4. Yakamata a sami cikakken jirgin sama na ƙasa a ƙasa da sashin kayan. Dole ne a kiyaye amincin jirgin saman ƙasa gwargwadon fa’idar farantin multilayer. Ba a yarda da lamuran sigina a cikin jirgin ƙasa ba.

5, babban mita, saurin gudu, agogo da sauran layukan sigina masu mahimmanci yakamata su kasance kusa da jirgin ƙasa. Ta wannan hanyar, tazara tsakanin layin siginar da layin ƙasa shine kawai tazara tsakanin yadudduka na PCB, don haka ainihin halin yanzu koyaushe yana gudana a cikin layin ƙasa kai tsaye ƙarƙashin layin siginar, yana samar da ƙaramin yanki madaidaicin siginar da rage radadi.

Yadda ake tsara siginar amincin PCB

Tsarin zanen PCB

Makullin ƙirar ƙimar siginar allon bugawa shine shimfidawa da wayoyi, wanda ke da alaƙa kai tsaye da aikin PCB. Kafin shimfidawa, dole ne a ƙaddara girman PCB don saduwa da aikin a mafi ƙarancin farashi. Idan PCB ya yi yawa kuma an rarraba shi, layin watsawa na iya yin tsayi sosai, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwa, rage juriya, da ƙarin farashi. Idan an haɗa abubuwan haɗin gwiwa tare, ɓarkewar zafi ba shi da kyau, kuma haɗakar magana na iya faruwa a kusa da wayoyi. Sabili da haka, shimfidar dole ne ya dogara da raka’a masu aiki na da’irar, yayin da ake la’akari da jituwa ta lantarki, watsawar zafi da abubuwan dubawa.

Lokacin shimfiɗa PCB tare da gauraye na dijital da siginar analog, kar a haɗa siginar dijital da analog. Idan siginar analog da dijital dole ne a haɗa su, tabbatar da yin layi a tsaye don rage tasirin haɗin haɗin gwiwa. Ya kamata a raba da’irar dijital, da’irar analog, da da’irar da ke haifar da hayaniya a kan allon, sannan a fara tuntuɓar da’ira mai mahimmanci, sannan a kawar da hanyar haɗin kai tsakanin da’irori. Musamman, la’akari da agogo, sake saitawa da katse layin, kar a daidaita waɗannan layin tare da manyan layukan sauyawa na yanzu, in ba haka ba cikin sauƙi lalacewa ta hanyar siginar haɗaɗɗiyar lantarki, haifar da sake saiti ko katsewa ba zato ba tsammani. Tsarin duka ya kamata ya bi ƙa’idodi masu zuwa:

1. Tsarin bangare na aiki, da’irar analog da da’irar dijital akan PCB yakamata su sami shimfidar wuri daban-daban.

2. Bisa ga tsarin siginar sigina don tsara sassan sassan aiki, don haka siginar ta gudana don kula da wannan shugabanci.

3. Takeaukar ginshiƙan kowane sashi na kewaye na aiki a matsayin cibiyar, kuma an shirya wasu abubuwan da ke kewaye da shi.

4. Takaita haɗin tsakanin abubuwan haɗin madaidaiciya gwargwadon iko kuma yi ƙoƙarin rage sigogin rarraba su.

5. Abubuwan da ke cikin damuwa da sauƙi kada su kasance kusa da juna, abubuwan shigar da fitarwa yakamata suyi nesa.

Yadda ake tsara siginar amincin PCB

Tsarin waya na PCB

Duk layukan sigina yakamata a rarraba su kafin PCB wayoyi. Da farko, layin agogo, layin sigina mai mahimmanci, sannan layin siginar sauri, don tabbatar da cewa irin wannan siginar ta cikin rami ya isa, sigogin rarraba kyawawan halaye, sannan layin siginar mara mahimmanci.

Layin siginar da bai dace ba yakamata yayi nesa da juna kuma kar a daidaita layi ɗaya, kamar dijital da analog, babban gudu da ƙarancin gudu, babban halin yanzu da ƙaramin ƙarfin wuta, babban ƙarfin lantarki da ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki. Ya kamata a tura igiyoyin sigina akan yadudduka daban-daban a tsaye zuwa juna don rage yawan magana. An tsara mafi kyawun tsari na layin sigina gwargwadon jagorancin siginar. Layin siginar fitarwa na da’irar bai kamata a dawo da ita ba zuwa yankin layin siginar shigarwa. Layin siginar sauri yakamata a kiyaye shi a takaice don gujewa tsoma baki tare da sauran layukan sigina. A kan rukunin biyu, idan ya cancanta, za a iya ƙara waƙar ƙasa mai keɓewa a ɓangarorin biyu na layin siginar sauri. Duk layukan agogo mai sauri akan allon multilayer yakamata a kiyaye su gwargwadon tsawon layin agogo.

Ka’idodin gabaɗaya don wayoyi sune:

1. Har zuwa zai yiwu don zaɓar ƙirar ƙirar ƙarancin ƙarfi, da siginar siginar har zuwa kauri mai kauri daidai, yana dacewa da daidaiton rashin daidaituwa. Don da’irar rf, ƙira mara ma’ana na jagorar layin sigina, faɗi da tazarar layi na iya haifar da tsangwama tsakanin layin watsa sigina.

2. Gwargwadon iko don gujewa shigarwar da ke kusa da ita da wayoyin fitarwa da kuma layin layi mai nisa. Don rage tazarar layukan sigina, ana iya ƙara tazara tsakanin layukan sigina, ko kuma a iya saka bel ɗin keɓe tsakanin layin sigina.

3. Faɗin layin akan PCB zai zama daidaituwa kuma babu maye gurbi na layin da zai faru. Lanƙwasawa na PCB bai kamata yayi amfani da kusurwar digiri 90 ba, yakamata yayi amfani da baka ko kusurwar digiri 135, gwargwadon yuwuwar don kiyaye ci gaban layin layi.

4. Rage girman yankin madauki na yanzu. Ƙarfin radiation na waje na kewaye mai ɗaukar nauyi daidai yake da wucewa ta yanzu, yankin madauki da murabba’in mita. Rage yankin madauki na yanzu zai iya rage tsangwamar ELECTROMAGNETIC na PCB.

5. Kamar yadda zai yiwu don rage tsawon wayoyin, ƙara faɗin waya, yana da kyau don rage ƙarancin waya.

6. Don siginar sarrafa sauyawa, yakamata a rage adadin siginar PCB SIGNAL wanda ke canza jihar a lokaci guda gwargwadon iko.