Ntawv luam tawm hauv Circuit Court board (PCBS) are boards used as substrates in most electronic devices – both as physical supports and as wiring areas for surface mount and socket assemblies. PCBS feem ntau yog ua los ntawm fiberglass, sib xyaw epoxy cob, lossis lwm yam khoom siv sib xyaw.

Qhia hom PCB

Feem ntau PCBS rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yooj yim yog yooj yim thiab suav nrog tsuas yog ib txheej. Ntau yam khoom siv nyuaj xws li khoos phis tawj daim npav duab lossis niam ntawv tuaj yeem muaj ntau txheej, qee zaum ntau txog 12.

Although PCBS are usually associated with computers, they can be found in many other electronic devices, such as televisions, radios, digital cameras and cell phones. Ntxiv rau kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab khoos phis tawj, ntau hom PCBS tau siv ntau yam hauv lwm qhov, suav nrog:

• Cov cuab yeej siv kho mob. Tam sim no cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau hnyav dua thiab siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua li cov khoom lag luam yav dhau los, yog li cov kev kho mob tshiab thiab zoo siab tuaj yeem sim. Cov cuab yeej siv kho mob feem ntau siv PCBS qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom txhawm rau tsim cov qauv me me thiab hnyav tshaj plaws. Qhov no pab txhawm rau txo qee qhov kev txwv tshwj xeeb koom nrog tsim cov cuab yeej siv rau hauv kev kho mob vim xav tau me me thiab qhov hnyav. PCBS have made inroads into everything from small devices (like pacemakers) to large ones (like X-ray equipment or CAT scanners).

• Muaj tshuab. PCBS feem ntau siv hauv cov tshuab muaj zog muaj zog. Tooj tooj liab PCBS tuaj yeem siv qhov twg tam sim no ib-ooj tooj liab PCBS tsis ua tau raws li qhov xav tau. Tooj tooj liab tooj liab PCBS tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo nrog rau cov tswj lub cev muaj zog, lub roj teeb them hluav taws xob siab tam sim no thiab cov ntsuas ntsuas khoom lag luam.

• teeb pom kev zoo Vim hais tias LED-based teeb pom kev zoo yog nrov vim tias lawv lub zog qis thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo, yog li aluminium backplane PCBS siv los ua rau lawv. Cov PCBS no ua haujlwm ua hluav taws xob thiab tso cai rau qib siab dua ntawm cov cua sov hloov dua li cov qauv PCBS. These same aluminum backboard PCBS form the basis of high lumen LED applications and basic lighting solutions.

• Automotive thiab aerospace industries. Kev lag luam tsheb thiab dav hlau siv PCBS hloov pauv tau tsim los tiv thaiv qhov kev co siab ib puag ncig ib puag ncig hauv ob qho chaw. Nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb thiab tsim, lawv kuj tuaj yeem hnyav heev, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom hauv kev lag luam thauj mus los. They can also fit into tight Spaces that may exist in these applications, such as inside the dashboard or behind the instruments on the dashboard.

Muaj ntau hom PCB pawg thawj coj, txhua tus nrog nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb kev tsim khoom, cov khoom siv thiab siv: ib txheej PCB, txheej ob txheej PCB, txheej ntau txheej PCB, txhav PCB, PCB yooj ywm, txhav yooj ywm PCB, siab PCB, txhuas rov qab PCB.

A single layer PCB

Ib leeg-lossis ib leeg ib sab PCB yog PCB lossis txheej txheej ua los ntawm ib leeg txheej. Ib sab ntawm lub substrate yog coated nrog txheej hlau nyias. Tooj liab yog txheej txheej feem ntau vim nws cov hluav taws xob ua tau zoo. Once a copper-based coating is applied, a protective welding mask is usually used, followed by the use of all elements on the last screen printing plate.

Qhia hom PCB

Ib txheej/ib sab PCBS tau yooj yim los tsim thiab tsim khoom vim tias lawv tau txuas ntau yam kev sib txuas thiab cov khoom sib txuas ntawm ib sab nkaus xwb. Qhov ubiquity no txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem yuav tau ntawm tus nqi qis, tshwj xeeb rau kev xaj khoom ntau. Tus nqi qis, lub peev xwm muaj peev xwm txhais tau tias lawv feem ntau siv rau hauv ntau yam kev siv, suav nrog lub laij lej, lub koob yees duab, xov tooj cua thiab cov cuab yeej tso suab, cov khoom siv hauv lub xeev, cov tshuab luam ntawv thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Double-layer printed circuit board

Cov khoom siv substrate rau ob npaug-lossis ob tog ob tog luam tawm hauv pawg thawj coj saib muaj cov txheej txheem hlau tsis zoo, xws li tooj liab, siv rau ob sab ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm. Cov qhov drilled los ntawm pawg thawj coj saib tso rau hauv ib sab ntawm pawg thawj coj saib txuas rau cov kab hluav taws xob ntawm lwm sab.

Qhia hom PCB

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv Circuit Court thiab txheej ob txheej txheej PCB feem ntau txuas nrog hauv ib ntawm ob txoj hauv kev: siv lub qhov hla lossis siv lub ntsej muag. A through-hole connection means that small wires called leads are fed through the hole, with each end of the leads welded to the right-hand component.

Surface mount PCBS siv tsis tau cov xov hlau ua cov txuas. Hloov chaw, ntau qhov ua rau me me tau txuas ncaj qha mus rau lub rooj tsavxwm, txhais tau tias lub rooj tsavxwm nws tus kheej tau siv los ua qhov xaim hluav taws xob rau cov khoom sib txawv. Qhov no tso cai rau ua kom tiav qhov chaw nrog qhov chaw tsawg dua, ua kom muaj chaw txaus kom pab pawg tswj hwm ua haujlwm ntau dua, feem ntau nrawm dua thiab hnyav dua li lub rooj tsav xwm dhau los.

Double side PCBS are commonly used in applications that require intermediate levels of circuit complexity, such as industrial controls, power supplies, instrumentation, HVAC systems, LED lighting, car dashboards, amplifiers, and vending machines.

Multilayer PCB

Multi-layer PCB consists of a series of three or more layers of double-layer PCBS. Cov phiajcim no tau tuav ua ke nrog cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb thiab kaw ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev kom ntseeg tau tias cov cua sov ntau dhau tsis yaj ib yam ntawm cov khoom. Multi-layer PCBS come in a variety of sizes, as small as four layers or as large as ten or twelve. Qhov loj tshaj plaws multilayer PCB puas tau ua yog 50 txheej tuab.

Qhia hom PCB

For multilayer printed circuit boards, designers can produce very thick, complex designs suitable for a variety of complex electrical tasks. Beneficial applications for multilayer PCBS include file servers, data storage, GPS technology, satellite systems, weather analysis and medical devices.

Rigid PCB

Rigid printed circuit boards are printed circuit boards made of a strong substrate material that prevents the board from twisting. Tej zaum qhov piv txwv feem ntau ntawm PCB nruj yog lub khoos phis tawj motherboard. The motherboard is a multi-layer PCB designed to distribute power from the power supply while allowing all parts of the computer to communicate with each other, such as the CPU, GPU and RAM.

Rigid PCB muaj pes tsawg leeg yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws ntawm PCBS tsim tawm. Cov PCBS no tuaj yeem siv tau nyob txhua qhov chaw PCB nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau teeb tsa kom zoo li qub thiab nyob twj ywm li ntawd mus tas lub neej ntawm lub cuab yeej. Rigid PCBS tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim ib txheej PCBS, lossis 8-txheej lossis 10-txheej PCBS.

Qhia hom PCB

Txhua lub PCBS nruj muaj ib leeg, ob npaug, lossis ntau txheej txheej, yog li lawv sib koom ib daim ntawv thov.

Saj zawg zog PCB

Tsis zoo li PCBS txhav, uas siv cov ntaub ntawv tsis lo xws li iav fiber, PCBS hloov tau yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem khoov thiab txav mus, xws li yas. Similar to rigid PCBS, flexible PCBS come in single, double, or multi-layer formats. Vim tias lawv yuav tsum tau luam tawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv tau, lawv zoo li yuav kim dua rau kev tsim khoom.

Qhia hom PCB

Tseem, yoog raws PCBS muab ntau qhov zoo tshaj li nyuaj PCBS. The most striking of these advantages is their flexibility. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem quav tau ib ncig ntawm cov npoo thiab mob ib ncig ntawm cov ces kaum. Lawv qhov kev hloov pauv txuag tus nqi thiab qhov hnyav los ntawm kev siv ib qho yooj yim PCB los npog thaj chaw uas yuav xav tau ntau yam PCBS nruj.

Saj zawg zog PCBS kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv hauv thaj chaw uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam PCBS nruj. Kev phom sij ib puag ncig. Txog qhov kawg no, lawv tau tsim tawm tsuas yog los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv dej tsis tau, poob siab, tiv taus xeb lossis muaj roj kub-qhov kev xaiv uas ib txwm ua tau zoo PCBS yuav tsis muaj.

Saj zawg zog txhav PCB

When it comes to the two most important overall PCBS, flexible rigid PCBS combine the best of both. Lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib nruj nruj tau tsim los ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem yooj ywm PCB txuas nrog rau ntau txheej PCB nruj.

Saj zawg zog PCBS muaj ntau qhov zoo dua siv nruj lossis hloov tau PCBS tsuas yog hauv qee qhov kev thov. Piv txwv li, cov phaj uas hloov pauv tau yooj yim muaj cov lej me me ntawm cov khoom siv tawv lossis cov phaj hloov pauv tau yooj yim vim tias cov kev xaiv thaiv rau ob qho tuaj yeem ua ke rau hauv ib lub phaj. Combining rigid and flexible boards into a single rigid-flexible board also allows for a more streamlined design that reduces overall board size and package weight.

Qhia hom PCB

Saj zawg zog PCBS feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov qhov chaw lossis qhov hnyav yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb tshaj plaws, suav nrog lub xov tooj ntawm tes, lub koob yees duab digital, lub tshuab ua kom nrawm thiab lub tsheb.

High-zaus PCB

Hf PCBS xa mus rau cov qauv tsim PCB ntau dua li kev tsim PCB raws li hauv cov qauv dhau los. Hf PCBS yog cov phiajcim Circuit Court tsim los xa cov paib tshaj li 1 gigahertz.

Qhia hom PCB

Hf PCB cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau suav nrog FR4 qib iav fiber reinforced epoxy laminate, polyphenylene ether (PPO) cob thiab teflon. Teflon yog ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv kim tshaj plaws vim tias nws qhov me me thiab ruaj khov dielectric tsis tu ncua, dielectric poob me me thiab tag nrho cov dej tsawg nqus.

Ntau yam ntawm PCB pawg thawj coj thiab nws hom sib txuas ntawm PCB txuas yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum xaiv qhov ntau zaus, suav nrog dielectric tas li (DK), tawg, poob, thiab dielectric tuab.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm cov no yog Dk ntawm cov khoom siv hauv nqe lus nug. Cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj qhov tshwm sim siab ntawm dielectric qhov hloov pauv tas li feem ntau ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv uas cuam tshuam rau kev sib haum xeeb uas ua rau lub teeb liab digital thiab ua rau poob tag nrho cov kev ntseeg ncaj ncees teeb liab – ib qho uas hf PCBS tau tsim los tiv thaiv.

Lwm qhov kev txiav txim siab thaum xaiv hom kev sib tham ntawm lub rooj sib tham thiab PC txuas siv thaum tsim hf PCBS suav nrog:

• Dielectric poob (DF), uas cuam tshuam rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub teeb liab xa mus. Kev poob hluav taws xob me me tuaj yeem ua rau me me ntawm cov teeb liab pov tseg.

• Thermal expansion. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv siv los tsim PCB, xws li cov ntawv ci tooj liab, muaj cov cua sov sib txawv sib txawv, cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm ib qho vim qhov hloov pauv kub.

• Kev nqus dej. Kev haus dej ntau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau dielectric tas li thiab dielectric poob ntawm PCB, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv hauv ib puag ncig ntub.

• Lwm yam resistors. Cov ntaub ntawv siv los tsim HF PCBS yuav tsum tau ntsuas raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom sov, tiv taus kev cuam tshuam thiab tshuaj lom neeg txaus ntshai.

Aluminium thaub qab PCB

Kev tsim ntawm txhuas txhim kho PCB yog kwv yees zoo ib yam li ntawm tooj liab txhawb nqa PCB. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob siv cov iav fiberglass, uas yog ib txwm muaj nyob hauv PCB pawg thawj coj, txhuas lub dav hlau PCBS siv txhuas lossis tooj liab txheej.

Qhia hom PCB

Aluminium thaub qab yog hlua nrog rwb thaiv tsev thiab tau tsim kom muaj cua sov tsis kam, txhais tau tias tsis tshua muaj cua sov kis los ntawm rwb thaiv tsev mus rau sab nraub qaum. Thaum siv rwb thaiv tsev, txheej txheej tooj liab los ntawm 1 ooj mus rau 10 ntiv tuab tau siv.

Aluminium txhawb nqa PCBS muaj tus lej zoo ntawm fiberglass txhawb nqa PCBS, suav nrog:

• Tus nqi qis. Aluminium yog ib qho ntawm cov hlau ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, suav txog 8.23% ntawm lub ntiaj teb qhov hnyav. Mining aluminium yog ib qho yooj yim thiab pheej yig, uas pab txo nqi hauv kev tsim khoom. Vim li ntawd, nws pheej yig dua los ua cov khoom lag luam tawm ntawm txhuas.

• kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Aluminium tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab yooj yim rau rov ua dua. Ua cov ntawv xov xwm hluav taws xob luam tawm los ntawm txhuas kuj yog txoj hauv kev zoo kom txuag hluav taws xob vim tias nws yooj yim rau sib sau ua ke.

• Thaum tshav kub kub. Aluminium yog ib qho khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem siv los ua kom sov cua sov los ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm hauv Circuit Court. Nws tsis tawg cua sov mus rau lwm lub phaj, tab sis rau cua qhib. Aluminium PCBS txias sai dua tooj liab PCBS ntawm qhov loj me.

• Cov khoom siv tau ntev. Aluminium yog qhov ruaj khov dua li cov khoom siv xws li fiberglass lossis ceramic thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov zoo rau kev xeem poob. Kev siv cov substrates muaj zog pab txo kev puas tsuaj thaum tsim khoom, thauj mus los thiab teeb tsa.

Tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig no ua rau txhuas PCBS xaiv tau zoo rau daim ntawv thov xav tau lub zog tso zis siab nyob rau hauv qhov kev nruj nruj, suav nrog cov teeb taws tsheb, tsheb teeb pom kev zoo, khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov tswj lub cev muaj zog thiab cov hluav taws xob tam sim no.

Ntxiv rau lawv thaj chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv, aluminium-backed PCBS kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv qhov twg yuav tsum tau muaj qib siab ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm lossis qhov twg PCB tuaj yeem tiv taus qib siab ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog. Lawv tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev nthuav dav cua sov ntau dua li cov iav fiberglass, uas txhais tau tias lwm cov khoom siv ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, xws li cov ntawv tooj liab thiab cov rwb thaiv tsev, tsis tshua muaj tev tawm, txuas ntxiv lub neej ntawm cov khoom.

Tau ntau xyoo, PCBS tau hloov pauv los ntawm ib txheej yooj yim PCBS xws li cov laij lej rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob mus rau cov txheej txheem nyuaj xws li cov qauv Teflon ntau zaus. PCBS tau pom lawv txoj hauv kev yuav luag txhua qhov kev lag luam hauv ntiaj teb, los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yooj yim xws li teeb pom kev zoo txhua txoj hauv kev mus rau kev lag luam nyuaj xws li kev kho mob lossis thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis.

Kev tsim kho ntawm PCBS kuj tseem coj mus rau kev txhim kho PCB cov khoom siv hauv tsev: tsis yog tsuas yog PCBS ua los ntawm cov ntawv ci tooj liab txhawb los ntawm fiberglass. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev tshiab suav nrog txhuas, teflon thiab txawm tias cov yas tuaj yeem kho tau. Cov yas uas hloov tau thiab txhuas tshwj xeeb tau pab txhawb kev tsim cov khoom lag luam xws li txhav-hloov pauv tau thiab txhuas-thim rov qab PCBS los daws teeb meem ib txwm cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam lag luam.