PRINTED CIRCUIT tablo (PCBS) are boards used as substrates in most electronic devices – both as physical supports and as wiring areas for surface mount and socket assemblies. PCBS are usually made of fiberglass, composite epoxy resin, or other composite materials.

Entwodiksyon kalite PCB

Most PCBS for simple electronic devices are simple and consist of only a single layer. Plis pyès ki nan konpitè tankou kat grafik òdinatè oswa mèr ka gen kouch miltip, pafwa jiska 12.

Although PCBS are usually associated with computers, they can be found in many other electronic devices, such as televisions, radios, digital cameras and cell phones. Anplis de sa ke yo te itilize nan konsomatè elektwonik ak òdinatè, diferan kalite PCBS yo te itilize nan yon varyete de lòt zòn, ki gen ladan:

• Medical equipment. Elektwonik yo kounye a se plis dans ak konsome mwens pouvwa pase pwodwi anvan yo, se konsa nouvo ak enteresan teknoloji medikal ka teste. Most medical devices use high-density PCBS for creating the smallest and most dense designs. Sa a ede soulaje kèk nan limit inik ki enplike nan devlope aparèy pou itilize nan jaden medikal akòz bezwen pou ti gwosè ak pwa limyè. PCBS te fè incursions nan tout bagay soti nan ti aparèy (tankou pesmekè) nan gwo (tankou ekipman X-ray oswa eskanè CAT).

• Industrial machinery. PCBS yo souvan itilize nan gwo endistriyèl machin. Thick copper PCBS can be used where current one-ounce copper PCBS do not meet requirements. Pi epè kòb kwiv mete yo benefisye nan ka ki gen ladan contrôleur motè, segondè-aktyèl plato batri ak tèsteur chaj endistriyèl.

• lighting. Because LED-based lighting solutions are popular because of their low power consumption and high efficiency, so are the aluminum backplane PCBS used to make them. Sa yo PCBS sèvi kòm radyatè ak pèmèt pou pi wo nivo nan transfè chalè pase PCBS estanda. These same aluminum backboard PCBS form the basis of high lumen LED applications and basic lighting solutions.

• Automotive and aerospace industries. The automotive and aerospace industries use flexible PCBS designed to withstand the high vibration environments common in both fields. Tou depan de spesifikasyon ak konsepsyon yo, yo kapab tou trè lejè, ki se nesesè pou fabrikasyon pati nan endistri a transpò. They can also fit into tight Spaces that may exist in these applications, such as inside the dashboard or behind the instruments on the dashboard.

Gen anpil kalite tablo PCB, yo chak ak pwòp espesifikasyon fabrikasyon inik li yo, kalite materyèl ak itilizasyon: yon sèl kouch PCB, doub kouch PCB, milti-kouch PCB, rijid PCB, fleksib PCB, rijid PCB fleksib, segondè frekans PCB, aliminyòm tounen PCB.

Yon PCB kouch sèl

Single – oswa yon sèl-sided PCB se yon PCB oswa substra te fè soti nan yon substra sèl. One side of the substrate is coated with a thin metal layer. Copper is the most common coating because of its good electrical conductivity. Once a copper-based coating is applied, a protective welding mask is usually used, followed by the use of all elements on the last screen printing plate.

Entwodiksyon kalite PCB

Single-layer/single-side PCBS are easy to design and manufacture because they weld the various circuits and components on only one side. This ubiquity means they can be purchased at low cost, especially for high-volume orders. Pri ki ba, modèl segondè-kapasite vle di yo souvan itilize nan yon varyete aplikasyon pou, ki gen ladan kalkilatris, kamera, radyo ak ekipman stereo, kondui solid-eta, enprimant ak ekipman pou pouvwa.

Double-layer printed circuit board

The substrate material for a double – or double-sided printed circuit board has a thin layer of conductive metal, such as copper, applied to both sides of the board. Twou komanse fouye nan tablo a pèmèt sikwi sou yon bò nan tablo a pou konekte avèk sikui sou lòt bò a.

Entwodiksyon kalite PCB

Components of a circuit and a double-layer PCB board are usually connected in one of two ways: using a through-hole or using a surface mount. A through-hole connection means that small wires called leads are fed through the hole, with each end of the leads welded to the right-hand component.

Sifas mòn PCBS pa ka itilize fil kòm konektè. Instead, many of the small leads are welded directly to the board, meaning that the board itself is used as a wiring surface for the different components. Sa a pèmèt kous la dwe ranpli ak mwens espas, libere espas pou pèmèt tablo a fè plis fonksyon, souvan pi vit epi peze mwens pase tablo a nan twou a ta pèmèt.

Double side PCBS are commonly used in applications that require intermediate levels of circuit complexity, such as industrial controls, power supplies, instrumentation, HVAC systems, LED lighting, car dashboards, amplifiers, and vending machines.

Multikouch PCB

Multi-layer PCB consists of a series of three or more layers of double-layer PCBS. These plates are then held together with special glue and clamped between the insulation pieces to ensure that excess heat does not melt any of the components. Multi-layer PCBS come in a variety of sizes, as small as four layers or as large as ten or twelve. The largest multilayer PCB ever built is 50 layers thick.

Entwodiksyon kalite PCB

For multilayer printed circuit boards, designers can produce very thick, complex designs suitable for a variety of complex electrical tasks. Beneficial applications for multilayer PCBS include file servers, data storage, GPS technology, satellite systems, weather analysis and medical devices.

Rijid PCB

Rigid printed circuit boards are printed circuit boards made of a strong substrate material that prevents the board from twisting. Probably the most common example of a rigid PCB is a computer motherboard. The motherboard is a multi-layer PCB designed to distribute power from the power supply while allowing all parts of the computer to communicate with each other, such as the CPU, GPU and RAM.

Rigid PCB composition is perhaps the largest number of PCBS manufactured. These PCBS can be used anywhere the PCB itself needs to be set to a shape and remain so for the rest of the life of the device. Rijid PCBS ka senp yon sèl kouch PCBS, oswa 8-kouch oswa 10-kouch PCBS.

Entwodiksyon kalite PCB

All rigid PCBS have single, double, or multilayer structures, so they share the same application.

Fleksib PCB

Kontrèman ak PCBS rijid, ki itilize materyèl ki pa baton tankou fib an vè, fleksib PCBS yo te fè nan materyèl ki ka bese ak deplase, tankou plastik. Similar to rigid PCBS, flexible PCBS come in single, double, or multi-layer formats. Because they need to be printed on flexible materials, they tend to be more expensive to manufacture.

Entwodiksyon kalite PCB

Toujou, fleksib PCBS ofri anpil avantaj sou PCBS rijid. The most striking of these advantages is their flexibility. Sa vle di yo ka pliye alantou bor yo epi blese nan kwen yo. Their flexibility saves on cost and weight by using a single flexible PCB to cover areas that might need multiple rigid PCBS.

PCBS fleksib kapab itilize tou nan zòn ki ka afekte pa plizyè PCBS rijid. Environmental hazards. Pou sa ka fèt, yo fabrike sèlman nan materyèl ki ka enpèmeyab, ki enpèmeyab, ki reziste kowozyon nan lavni oswa ki gen gwo tanperati lwil – yon opsyon tradisyonèl PCBS rijid pa ka genyen.

Fleksib PCB rijid

When it comes to the two most important overall PCBS, flexible rigid PCBS combine the best of both. The flexible rigid board is composed of multiple flexible PCB layers attached to multiple rigid PCB layers.

Fleksib PCBS rijid gen anpil avantaj sou lè l sèvi avèk rijid oswa fleksib PCBS sèlman nan aplikasyon pou sèten. Pou egzanp, plak rijid-fleksib gen yon nimewo ki pi piti nan pati pase tradisyonèl plak rijid oswa fleksib paske opsyon yo fil elektrik pou tou de ka konbine nan yon plak sèl. Combining rigid and flexible boards into a single rigid-flexible board also allows for a more streamlined design that reduces overall board size and package weight.

Entwodiksyon kalite PCB

Fleksib PCBS rijid yo pi souvan yo te jwenn nan aplikasyon pou kote espas oswa pwa se pi gwo enkyetid, ki gen ladan telefòn mobil, kamera dijital, pesmekè ak machin.

High-frequency PCB

Hf PCBS al gade nan eleman konsepsyon jeneral PCB olye ke konstriksyon PCB tankou nan modèl anvan yo. Hf PCBS are circuit boards designed to transmit signals in excess of 1 gigahertz.

Entwodiksyon kalite PCB

Hf PCB materials typically include FR4 grade glass fiber reinforced epoxy laminate, polyphenylene ether (PPO) resin and teflon. Teflon is one of the most expensive options because of its small and stable dielectric constant, small dielectric loss and overall low water absorption.

Many aspects of the PCB board and its corresponding type of PCB connector need to be considered when selecting high frequency, including dielectric constant (DK), dissipation, loss, and dielectric thickness.

Pi enpòtan nan sa yo se Dk nan materyèl la nan kesyon an. Materyèl ki gen yon gwo pwobabilite pou chanjman dyelèktrik konstan souvan pwodwi chanjman enpedans ki deranje Harmonik yo ki fè moute siyal dijital la ak mennen nan yon pèt an jeneral nan entegrite siyal dijital – yon faktè ki hf PCBS yo fèt yo anpeche.

Other considerations when choosing the type of circuit board and PC connector to use when designing hf PCBS include:

• Dielectric loss (DF), which affects the quality of signal transmission. Small dielectric loss may result in a small amount of signal waste.

• Thermal expansion. Si materyèl yo itilize pou bati PCB la, tankou FOIL kwiv, gen diferan pousantaj ekspansyon tèmik, materyèl yo ka separe youn ak lòt akòz chanjman tanperati.

• Water absorption. High water intake can affect the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of a PCB, especially when used in wet environments.

• Other resistors. Materials used to construct HF PCBS shall be rated as required for heat resistance, impact resistance and hazardous chemicals.

Aluminum backing PCB

The design of an aluminum backed PCB is roughly the same as that of a copper backed PCB. Sepandan, olye pou yo sèvi ak vèr, ki se komen nan pifò kalite tablo pkb, aliminyòm backplane PCBS sèvi ak aliminyòm oswa kwiv substrats.

Entwodiksyon kalite PCB

The aluminum backing is lined with insulation and is designed to have low thermal resistance, meaning less heat is transferred from the insulation to the backing. Once insulation is applied, layers of copper circuit from 1 ounce to 10 inches thick are applied.

Aluminum backed PCBS have a number of advantages over fiberglass backed PCBS, including:

• Low cost. Aliminyòm se youn nan metal ki pi abondan sou Latè, kontablite pou 8.23% nan pwa sou latè a. Min aliminyòm se fasil ak bon mache, ki ede diminye depans nan pwosesis fabrikasyon an. Kòm yon rezilta, li se pi bon mache fè pwodwi soti nan aliminyòm.

• pwoteksyon anviwònman. Aliminyòm ki pa toksik ak fasil resikle. Fè tablo sikwi enprime nan aliminyòm se tou yon bon fason pou konsève pou enèji paske li fasil pou rasanble.

• heat dissipation. Aliminyòm se youn nan pi bon materyèl ki ka itilize pou gaye chalè ki soti nan eleman kle nan yon tablo sikwi. It does not radiate heat to the rest of the plate, but to the open air. Aliminyòm PCBS fre pi vit pase kòb kwiv mete nan menm gwosè a.

• Materyèl durability. Aliminyòm pi dirab pase materyèl tankou vèr oswa seramik e li bon sitou pou tès gout yo. Sèvi ak pi fò substrats ede diminye domaj pandan fabrikasyon, transpò ak enstalasyon.

Tout avantaj sa yo fè PCBS aliminyòm yon chwa ekselan pou aplikasyon ki mande gwo pouvwa pwodiksyon nan tolerans trè sere, ki gen ladan limyè devan trafik, ekleraj otomobil, ekipman pou pouvwa, contrôleur motè ak sikwi segondè aktyèl.

Anplis de sa nan zòn prensipal yo nan itilize, aliminyòm-apiye PCBS kapab tou itilize kote yon wo degre de estabilite mekanik obligatwa oswa kote PCB a ka kenbe tèt ak nivo segondè nan estrès mekanik. They are less susceptible to thermal expansion than fiberglass panels, which means that other materials on the board, such as copper foil and insulation, are less likely to peel off, further extending the life of the product.

Pandan ane yo, PCBS te evolye soti nan senp yon sèl kouch PCBS tankou kalkilatris pou aparèy elektwonik nan sistèm pi konplèks tankou segondè-frekans desen tflon. PCBS yo te jwenn wout yo nan prèske chak endistri sou latè, ki soti nan elektwonik senp tankou solisyon ekleraj tout wout la nan endistri pi konplèks tankou teknoloji medikal oswa ayewospasyal.

Te devlopman nan PCBS tou mennen nan devlopman nan materyèl bilding PCB: pa gen okenn ankò jis PCBS te fè nan FOIL kwiv te apiye nan vèr. Nouvo materyèl bilding yo enkli aliminyòm, teflon e menm plastik ki pliye. Plastik Bendable ak aliminyòm an patikilye te fasilite kreyasyon pwodwi tankou PCBS rijid-fleksib ak aliminyòm ki apiye pou rezoud pwoblèm komen ki asosye avèk anpil endistri.