Te poari porowhita i panuitia (PCBS) are boards used as substrates in most electronic devices – both as physical supports and as wiring areas for surface mount and socket assemblies. PCBS are usually made of fiberglass, composite epoxy resin, or other composite materials.

Whakataki momo PCB

Most PCBS for simple electronic devices are simple and consist of only a single layer. Ko nga taputapu taapiri penei i nga kaari whakairoiro rorohiko, i nga papa matua ranei, ka maha nga papa, i etahi waa ka 12.

Although PCBS are usually associated with computers, they can be found in many other electronic devices, such as televisions, radios, digital cameras and cell phones. Hei taapiri ki te whakamahi i nga hiko hiko a nga kaihoko me nga rorohiko, he momo PCBS e whakamahia ana i etahi atu waahanga, tae atu ki:

• Medical equipment. He kaha ake te hiko hiko i tenei wa ka iti ake te hikoi i nga hua o mua, na ka taea te whakamatautau i nga hangarau rongoa hou me te whakaongaonga. Most medical devices use high-density PCBS for creating the smallest and most dense designs. Ma tenei ka awhina i etahi o nga waahanga motuhake e pa ana ki te whakawhanake i nga taputapu hei whakamahi i te waahanga hauora na te hiahia kia iti te rahi me te taumaha iti. Kua uru a PCBS ki roto i nga mea iti mai i nga taputapu iti (penei i te kai-peememeri) ki nga mea nunui (penei i nga taputapu X-ray, i nga miihini CAT ranei).

• Industrial machinery. Ka whakamahia noa te PCBS i nga miihini umanga kaha-nui. Thick copper PCBS can be used where current one-ounce copper PCBS do not meet requirements. He pai ake te PCBS parahi matotoru i roto i nga keehi tae atu ki nga kaiwhakahaere nekeneke, nga kaitohu puhiko nui o naianei me nga kaiwhakaari kawenga umanga.

• lighting. Because LED-based lighting solutions are popular because of their low power consumption and high efficiency, so are the aluminum backplane PCBS used to make them. Ko enei PCBS hei radiator ka tuku i nga nekehanga wera teitei ake i te PCBS paerewa. These same aluminum backboard PCBS form the basis of high lumen LED applications and basic lighting solutions.

• Automotive and aerospace industries. The automotive and aerospace industries use flexible PCBS designed to withstand the high vibration environments common in both fields. I runga i te whakatakotoranga me te hoahoa, ka taea hoki te tino maama, e tika ana mo nga waahanga hanga i te umanga whakawhiti. They can also fit into tight Spaces that may exist in these applications, such as inside the dashboard or behind the instruments on the dashboard.

He maha nga momo papa PCB, kei a ia ano nga whakaritenga hangahanga ahurei, momo momo me te whakamahi: PCB paparanga kotahi, PCB paparanga rua, PCB paparanga maha, PCB maro, PCB ngawari, PCB ngawari ngawari, PCB auau nui, konumohe hoki PCB.

He paparanga kotahi PCB

Kotahi – PCB kotahi-taha ranei he PCB he tihi ranei i hangaia mai i tetahi waahanga. One side of the substrate is coated with a thin metal layer. Copper is the most common coating because of its good electrical conductivity. Once a copper-based coating is applied, a protective welding mask is usually used, followed by the use of all elements on the last screen printing plate.

Whakataki momo PCB

Single-layer/single-side PCBS are easy to design and manufacture because they weld the various circuits and components on only one side. This ubiquity means they can be purchased at low cost, especially for high-volume orders. Ko nga tauira iti-utu, tino kaha te tikanga e whakamahia ana i roto i nga momo momo tono, tae atu ki nga kautaika, nga miihini, nga reo irirangi me nga taputapu hiko, nga taraiwa-a-rohe, nga miihini me nga taputapu hiko.

Double-layer printed circuit board

The substrate material for a double – or double-sided printed circuit board has a thin layer of conductive metal, such as copper, applied to both sides of the board. Ko nga kohanga i roto i te papa ka huri i nga taha i tetahi taha o te papa ki te hono ki nga taha i tera taha.

Whakataki momo PCB

Components of a circuit and a double-layer PCB board are usually connected in one of two ways: using a through-hole or using a surface mount. A through-hole connection means that small wires called leads are fed through the hole, with each end of the leads welded to the right-hand component.

Kaore e taea e PCBS Maunga Maata te whakamahi i nga waea hei honohono. Instead, many of the small leads are welded directly to the board, meaning that the board itself is used as a wiring surface for the different components. Ma tenei ka taea te whakaoti i te ara iahiko me te iti ake o te waahi, te whakawatea i te waahi kia taea ai e te poari te mahi i nga mahi maha, he maha te tere me te taumaha iti iho i te wa e whakaaetia ana e te poari puta noa.

Double side PCBS are commonly used in applications that require intermediate levels of circuit complexity, such as industrial controls, power supplies, instrumentation, HVAC systems, LED lighting, car dashboards, amplifiers, and vending machines.

PCB Multilayer

Multi-layer PCB consists of a series of three or more layers of double-layer PCBS. These plates are then held together with special glue and clamped between the insulation pieces to ensure that excess heat does not melt any of the components. Multi-layer PCBS come in a variety of sizes, as small as four layers or as large as ten or twelve. The largest multilayer PCB ever built is 50 layers thick.

Whakataki momo PCB

For multilayer printed circuit boards, designers can produce very thick, complex designs suitable for a variety of complex electrical tasks. Beneficial applications for multilayer PCBS include file servers, data storage, GPS technology, satellite systems, weather analysis and medical devices.

PCB riirii

Rigid printed circuit boards are printed circuit boards made of a strong substrate material that prevents the board from twisting. Probably the most common example of a rigid PCB is a computer motherboard. The motherboard is a multi-layer PCB designed to distribute power from the power supply while allowing all parts of the computer to communicate with each other, such as the CPU, GPU and RAM.

Rigid PCB composition is perhaps the largest number of PCBS manufactured. These PCBS can be used anywhere the PCB itself needs to be set to a shape and remain so for the rest of the life of the device. Ka taea e te PCBS mārō te PCBS paparanga-takitahi ngawari, i te 8-papanga 10-papanga PCBS ranei.

Whakataki momo PCB

All rigid PCBS have single, double, or multilayer structures, so they share the same application.

PCB hangore

Kaore i rite ki te PCBS maro, e whakamahi ana i nga mea kore-piri pera i te muka karaihe, he PCBS ngawari he mea hanga ka taea te piko me te neke, penei i te kirihou. Similar to rigid PCBS, flexible PCBS come in single, double, or multi-layer formats. Because they need to be printed on flexible materials, they tend to be more expensive to manufacture.

Whakataki momo PCB

Tonu, PCBS hangore he maha nga painga kei runga i te PCBS maro. The most striking of these advantages is their flexibility. Ko te tikanga ka taea te takai ki nga taha ka whara ki nga pito. Their flexibility saves on cost and weight by using a single flexible PCB to cover areas that might need multiple rigid PCBS.

Ka taea hoki te whakamahi PCBS ngawari ki nga waahanga ka pa pea ki nga PCBS maro maro. Environmental hazards. I runga i tenei, he mea hanga noa mai i nga taonga kaore pea i te waikore, awangawanga, te waikura-aukati, te hinu wera-mahana ranei-he waahanga kaore pea i te PCBS pakeke.

PCB pakari ngawari

When it comes to the two most important overall PCBS, flexible rigid PCBS combine the best of both. The flexible rigid board is composed of multiple flexible PCB layers attached to multiple rigid PCB layers.

He nui nga painga o te PCBS uaua ngawari ki te whakamahi i te PCBS uaua, ngawari ranei ki etahi tono anake. Hei tauira, he iti ake te waahanga o nga pereti maaka-ngawari, he iti ake te waahanga o nga pereti tawhito na te mea ka taea te whakakotahi i nga whiringa waea mo te mea kotahi ki te pereti kotahi. Combining rigid and flexible boards into a single rigid-flexible board also allows for a more streamlined design that reduces overall board size and package weight.

Whakataki momo PCB

Ko te PCBS maroke ngawari e kitea ana i nga waahanga kaore e nui te awangawanga o te waahi, te taumaha ranei, tae atu ki nga waea pukoro, nga kaamera a-tihi, nga kaitautoko me nga motuka.

High-frequency PCB

Hf PCBS tirohia nga ahuatanga hoahoa PCB whaanui kaore i te hanga PCB penei i nga tauira o mua. Hf PCBS are circuit boards designed to transmit signals in excess of 1 gigahertz.

Whakataki momo PCB

Hf PCB materials typically include FR4 grade glass fiber reinforced epoxy laminate, polyphenylene ether (PPO) resin and teflon. Teflon is one of the most expensive options because of its small and stable dielectric constant, small dielectric loss and overall low water absorption.

Many aspects of the PCB board and its corresponding type of PCB connector need to be considered when selecting high frequency, including dielectric constant (DK), dissipation, loss, and dielectric thickness.

Ko te mea nui o enei ko te Dk o nga korero e paatai ​​ana. Ko nga taonga e tino tupono ana te rerekee tonu o te dielectric, he maha nga wa ka hua mai he panoni aukati e aukati ana i nga hononga o te ao, ka ngaro te pono o te tohu tohu a-tihi – he kaupapa e hangaia ana te PCBS hei aukati.

Other considerations when choosing the type of circuit board and PC connector to use when designing hf PCBS include:

• Dielectric loss (DF), which affects the quality of signal transmission. Small dielectric loss may result in a small amount of signal waste.

• Thermal expansion. Mena ko nga taonga e whakamahia ana hei hanga i te PCB, peera i te pepa parahi, he rereketanga te reiti o te waiariki, ka wehe pea nga rauemi mai i etahi atu na te rereketanga o te mahana.

• Water absorption. High water intake can affect the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of a PCB, especially when used in wet environments.

• Other resistors. Materials used to construct HF PCBS shall be rated as required for heat resistance, impact resistance and hazardous chemicals.

Aluminum backing PCB

The design of an aluminum backed PCB is roughly the same as that of a copper backed PCB. Heoi, kaua ki te whakamahi i te karaehehe, he mea noa kei roto i te nuinga o nga momo poari PCB, PCBS papaaho konumohe e whakamahi ana i nga konumohe, i nga waahanga parahi ranei.

Whakataki momo PCB

The aluminum backing is lined with insulation and is designed to have low thermal resistance, meaning less heat is transferred from the insulation to the backing. Once insulation is applied, layers of copper circuit from 1 ounce to 10 inches thick are applied.

Aluminum backed PCBS have a number of advantages over fiberglass backed PCBS, including:

• Low cost. Ko te Konumohe tetahi o nga konganuku nui rawa atu i te Ao, ko te 8.23% o te taumaha o te whenua. He maamaa te miihini konumoana, he iti hoki, ka awhina i te whakaheke i nga utu mo te mahinga hanga. I te mutunga, he iti ake te utu ki te hanga hua mai i te konumohe.

• tiaki taiao. Ko te konumohe he kore-paitini, he ngawari ki te hangarua. Ko te hanga i nga papa ara iahiko mai i te konumohe tetahi huarahi pai ki te whakaora i te kaha no te mea he ngawari ki te whakakao.

• heat dissipation. Ko te Konumoana tetahi o nga taonga pai hei whakamahi mo te whakakore i te wera mai i nga waahanga nui o te poari taiawhio. It does not radiate heat to the rest of the plate, but to the open air. He tere tere te whakamatao o te Aluminium PCBS i te PCBS parahi o te rahinga kotahi.

• Te mauroa o nga taonga. He kaha ake te konumohe i nga taonga penei i te karaahurau, i te uku ranei, he pai rawa hoki mo nga whakamatautau taka. Ma te whakamahi i nga waahanga kaha ka awhina i te whakaheke i te wa hanga, te kawe me te whakauru.

Ko enei painga katoa ko te konumohe PCBS he kowhiringa pai mo nga tono e hiahia ana kia kaha te whakaputa i roto i nga manawanui totika, tae atu ki nga rama rama, nga rama hiko, nga taputapu hiko, nga motuka motuka me nga ara teitei o inaianei.

Hei taapiri ki o raatau waahanga whakamahinga, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te PCBS e tautokohia ana e te konumohe, ki te waahi e hiahiatia ai te pumau o te miihini, ki te waahi ranei e tu ai te PCB i nga taumata tiketike o te ahotea miihini. They are less susceptible to thermal expansion than fiberglass panels, which means that other materials on the board, such as copper foil and insulation, are less likely to peel off, further extending the life of the product.

I roto i nga tau, PCBS i ahu mai i te PCBS paparanga kotahi noa iho penei i te taatai ​​mo nga taputapu hiko tae atu ki nga punaha uaua pera i nga hoahoa Teflon auau-nui. Kua uru te PCBS ki roto i nga umanga katoa o te ao, mai i nga hiko hiko penei i nga whakataa rama tae noa ki nga umanga uaua ake penei i te hangarau hauora, hangarau wero ranei.

Ko te whanaketanga o PCBS kua uru atu ki te whanaketanga o nga taonga hanga PCB: kaore ano i te PCBS noa i hangaia ki te papa parahi i tautokohia e te karaihe. Ko nga taonga hanga hou kei roto ko te konumohe, teflon tae atu ki nga kirihou piikoi. Ko nga kirihou piauau me te konumohe te tikanga i awhina i te hanga o nga hua penei i te PCBS uaua-ngawari me te konumohe-hei awhina i nga raru e pa ana ki nga umanga maha.