Mu ntchito yanga, ndimaonetsetsa kuti Pulogalamu ya PCB alibe zolakwika zoterezi. Mwa kuwotcherera tinthu ting’onoting’ono tambirimbiri palimodzi, PCByo ndi yolimba kuposa momwe mungaganizire. Ngati simunayendetsedwe bwino, mutha kulandira madandaulo kuchokera kwa osakhazikitsa dongosolo chifukwa ma circuits mwina sagwira ntchito moyenera.

Kodi opanga ma PCB ayenera kusamala ndi momwe PCB imagwirira ntchito?

Mwayi wake, mwina simukufuna kupanga ma PCBS mazana ndi mapangidwe anu. Anthu omwe angalumikizane ndi ma PCBS awa ndi omwe amasonkhanitsa, opanga ma test, okhazikitsa, komanso ogwira ntchito yokonza.

Chowonadi chakuti simudzatenga nawo gawo pantchito yopanga pambuyo pake sizitanthauza kuti mutha kukhala opanda nkhawa ndi ma PCB. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa njira yolondola ya PCB, apo ayi zitha kubweretsa kulephera kwa dera.

Chofunika kwambiri, opanga ma PCB akuyenera kudziwa ntchito yawo pakukonza masanjidwe a PCB kuti muchepetse zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndi PCB. Chomaliza chomwe mukufuna kuchita ndikubwezeretsanso PCB yanu pomwe mukuyenera kutsutsa ntchito yotsatira.

Kodi kusamalira PCB mosayenera kumabweretsa chiwonongeko chotani

Popeza ndasankha, ndingakonde kuthana ndi zadothi zowonongeka kuposa zovuta zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi PCB yosayenera. Ngakhale zoyambazo zikuwonekeratu, kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusamalira ma PCB sikokwanira. Nthawi zambiri palibe zizindikilo zowonekera kuti PCB sigwira ntchito bwino mutatumizidwa.

Vuto lofala lomwe limawonedwa pomwe kusamalira mosasamala kwa PCBS ndiko kulephera kwa zinthu zogwira ntchito chifukwa champhamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi (ESD). Izi zimachitika mukamagwira PCBS m’malo osatetezeka a ESD. Pazinthu zomvera za ESD, pamafunika volts ochepera 3,000 kuti muwononge mayendedwe awo amkati.

Ngati mutayang’anitsitsa pa PCB yowonjezeredwa, mudzawona kuti solder yaying’ono imakhala ndi msonkhano wapamwamba (SMD) pad. Zigawo monga ma SMD ma capacitors amatha kuyambitsa chimodzi mwaziphuphu zawo kugwa pomwe magulu amagetsi agwiritsidwa ntchito chimodzimodzi ndi PCB.

Mwanjira ina, mukayesa kutenga PCB ndi dzanja limodzi, mumadzikakamiza kuti mulowe mu PCB. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti PCB igwadire pang’ono ndipo itha kupangitsa kuti zinthu zina zigwere pansi. Pofuna kupewa izi, ndichizolowezi kunyamula PCB ndi manja awiri.

PCBS nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kukhala mapanelo kuti achepetse mtengo ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito. Kamodzi anasonkhana, muyenera disassemblele PCB. Ngakhale atathandizidwa ndi kuchuluka kochepa kwa V, mukuyenerabe kuyesetsa kuti muwalekanitse. Izi zitha kuwonongetsanso mwangozi ma welds azinthu zina.

Ndizochepa, koma nthawi zina osasamala, ndipo mumasiya PCB ngati kuti ili m’mbale yaku China. Zotsatira zakadzidzidzi zitha kuwononga zigawo zikuluzikulu, monga ma electrolytic capacitors, kapena ngakhale mapadi.

Njira zopangira kuti muchepetse kuthana ndi mavuto a PCB

Opanga ma PCB samathandizidwa pakakhala zovuta zakuthana ndi mavuto a PCB. Kufikira pamlingo winawake, kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolinganiza bwino kumatha kuthandiza kuchepetsa zolakwika zomwe zimagwiridwa ndi PCB.

Chitetezo cha electrostatic

Kuti muteteze zinthu zowoneka bwino kuti zisawonongeke ndi ESD, muyenera kuwonjezera zida zotetezera kupondereza nyengo yotuluka ya ESD. Ma varistor ndi ma diode a Zener amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi kutuluka mwachangu kwa ESD. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zida zodzitchinjiriza za ESD zomwe zingateteze bwino kuzomwezi.

Kuyika gawo

Simungateteze PCB pamavuto amakanika. Komabe, mutha kuchepetsa mavutowa powonetsetsa kuti zida zake zimayikidwa mwanjira inayake. Mwachitsanzo, mukudziwa kuti kuyika ma SMD ma capacitors pamalo ogwirizana ndi mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi ya decarbonization kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kusungunuka kwa solder.

Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyika SMD capacitor kapena magawo ofanana ofanana ndi mzere wosweka kuti muchepetse mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito. Komanso, pewani kuyika zigawo pafupi ndi kupindika kapena mzere wokhotakhota wa PCB, ndipo pewani kuyika zigawo pafupi ndi ndandanda wa bolodi.