Kwinkqubo yoyilo lwe hIsantya se-PCBUkufakelwa kweengcingo sesona sakhono sinenkcukacha kwaye esona sinomda, iinjineli zihlala zijamelana neengxaki ezahlukeneyo kule nkqubo. Eli nqaku liza kuqala lenze intshayelelo esisiseko kwi-PCB, kwaye kwangaxeshanye yenze inkcazo elula yomgaqo we-wiring, ekugqibeleni iya kuzisa izakhono ezine ze-PCB zokubamba kunye nezinto eziyimfuneko.

Here are some good wiring tips and essentials:

Okokuqala, isingeniso esisisiseko senziwe. Inani leengqimba PCB lungohlulwa lube umaleko enye, maleko kabini kunye multi-maleko. Uluhlu olunye luyasuswa ngoku. Ibhodi yomgangatho ophindwe kabini yeyiphi inkqubo yesandi esetyenziswayo ngoku ininzi, kukujonga isiphumo esiqhelekileyo sokubeka umntwana ongumzekelo webhodi yebhodi, amanqaku ebhodi eyahlukeneyo ukuya kwi-4 ukufikelela kwibhodi ye-4 ngasentla oko kukuthi, kwimfuno yoxinano lwento engekho mde xelela iizaleko ezi-4 zanele ngokwesiqhelo. Ukusuka kwi-Angle yokugqobhoza kunokwahlulwa kungene ngomngxunya, umngxunya ongaboniyo, kunye nomngxunya ongcwatyelwe. A through-hole is a hole that goes directly from the top to the bottom; Umngxuma oyimfama ugqitywe ukusuka phezulu okanye kumngxuma ongezantsi ukuya kwinqanaba eliphakathi, kwaye ke awuqhubeki unxibe. Le nzuzo kukuba indawo emngxunyeni ayivalwanga ukusukela ekuqaleni ukuya esiphelweni, kwaye ezinye izingqimba zisakwazi ukuhamba kwindawo yomngxunya. The buried hole is this hole that goes through the mesosphere to the mesosphere, is buried, the surface is completely invisible. Imeko ethile iboniswe kumzobo ongezantsi.

Phambi kweentambo ezizenzekelayo, iintambo ezineemfuno eziphezulu zomgca wokudibana kwangaphambili, igalelo kunye nomgca wecala eliphumayo akufuneki libe kufutshane, ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, iintambo zomhlaba zingasetyenziselwa ukubodwa, kwaye ii-wiring zamacandelo amabini akufutshane kufuneka zihambelane enye nenye, kuba izingqimba ezifanayo zihlala zivelisa ukuhlangana kweparasitic. Izinga lokusabalalisa i-wiring ngokuzenzekelayo lixhomekeke kwi-layout elungileyo, imithetho yocingo inokumiselwa kwangaphambili, njengenani lemigca yokugoba, inani leemigodi, inani lamanyathelo, njl. It is to undertake exploration type wiring first commonly, connect short line quickly, pass maze type wiring again, the connection that wants cloth undertakes global wiring route optimization, it can disconnect the line that already cloth according to need and try to re – route again, improve overall wiring effect thereby.

Kuyilo, umthetho omnye kukugcina idijithali kunye neanalogs zahlulwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye umthetho omnye kukugcina isantya esisezantsi kude nesantya esiphezulu. Umgaqo osisiseko kukuhlukanisa umhlaba wedijithali kunye nomhlaba we-analog. I-Digital grounding sisixhobo sokutshintsha, kwaye ikhoyo inkulu kakhulu ngexesha lokutshintsha, kwaye incinci kakhulu xa ingahambi. Ngoko ke, ukusekwa kwedijithali akunakuxutywa kunye ne-analog grounding. Uyilo olucetyiswayo lunokubonakala ngathi lungezantsi.

1. Izilumkiso ze-wiring phakathi kokunikezelwa kombane kunye nocingo oluphantsi

(1) Ukongeza i-decoupling capacitance phakathi konikezelo lwamandla kunye nocingo oluphantsi. Qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshela unikezelo lwamandla kwipini ye-chip emva kokwenza i-capacitor decoupling. Decoupling capacitor generally has two functions: one is to provide the chip with instantaneous large current, and the other is to remove the power supply noise. On the one hand, the noise of the power supply should be minimized to affect the chip, and on the other hand, the noise generated by the chip should not affect the power supply.

(2) kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukwandisa umbane kunye nocingo lomhlaba, olona cingo lomhlaba lubanzi kunolayini wamandla, ubudlelwane balo yile: yocingo lomhlaba “umgca wamandla” umgca wesiginali.

(3) unokusebenzisa indawo enkulu umaleko ubhedu njengoko umhlaba, kwibhodi eprintiweyo ayisetyenziswa kwindawo edityaniswe nomhlaba, ukusetyenziswa komhlaba, okanye ezenziwe multi-umaleko, unikezelo lwamandla, umhlaba ngamnye zibambe umaleko.

2. Isiphaluka sedijithali kunye neesekethe zokuxubusha ukulungiswa kwesekethe

Nowadays, many PCBS are no longer single-function circuits, but are made up of a mixture of digital and analog circuits, so the interference between them needs to be considered when routing, especially the noise interference on the ground.

Ngenxa yokuhamba rhoqo kweesekethe zedijithali, uvakalelo lwesekethe ye-analog yomelele, kwimigca yesiginali, isignali yokuhamba kwesantya esiphakamileyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kude nesixhobo esibukhali se-analog, kodwa kuyo yonke i-PCB, ucingo lomhlaba wePCB ukuya kwiindawo zomhlaba zangaphandle zinokuba nye kuphela , ngoko ke kufuneka kube ngaphakathi kokusetyenzwa kwePCB, isekethe yedijithali kunye neengxaki zesekethe ye-analog, kwaye ngaphakathi kwebhodi yesekethe, Umhlaba wesekethe yedijithali kunye nomhlaba wesekethe ye-analog ngokwenene zahlukile, kuphela kwi-interface (iplagi, njl.njl.) Apho i-PCB iqhagamshelwe kwilizwe langaphandle. Umhlaba wesekethe yedijithali mfutshane kancinci kumhlaba wesekethe ye-analog, nceda uqaphele ukuba inye kuphela indawo yoqhagamshelo, kukwakho nomhlaba ongaqhelekanga kwi-PCB, oku kuxhomekeke kuyilo lwenkqubo.

3. Ukulungiswa kweekona zomgca

Ngokwesiqhelo kuya kubakho utshintsho kubukhulu kwikona yomgca, kodwa xa ububanzi bomgca butshintsha, kuyakubakho into ebonakalayo. Ukuhluka kobukhulu bomgca, ii-angles ezichanekileyo zezona zimbi, ii-degrees ezingama-45 zingcono, kwaye iikona ezijikelezileyo zingcono. Nangona kunjalo, iikona ezijikeleziweyo zinobunzima kuyilo lwePCB, ke oko kugqitywa ngokubanzi kukuziva komqondiso. Ngokubanzi, i-Angle yesidanga se-45 yanele umqondiso, kwaye kuphela loo migca inobuzaza ifuna iikona ezijikeleziweyo.

4. Check the design rules after laying the line

Nokuba senza ntoni na, kufuneka siyijonge emva kokuba siyigqibile, kanye njengokuba kufanele ukuba sijonge iimpendulo zethu ukuba sinexesha eliseleyo kwiimviwo, eyindlela ebalulekileyo kuthi yokufumana amanqaku aphezulu, kwaye iyafana nakuthi ukuzoba iibhodi zePCB. Ngale ndlela, sinokuqiniseka ngakumbi ukuba iibhodi zesekethe esizizobayo ziimveliso ezifanelekileyo. Uhlolo lwethu jikelele lunemiba ilandelayo:

(1) ingaba umgama phakathi komgca kunye nomgca, umgca kunye nephedi yecandelo, umgca kunye nokugqobhoza, iphedi yecandelo kunye nokugqobhoza, ukugqobhoza kunye nokugqobhoza kuvumelekile, nokuba kuyahlangabezana neemfuno zemveliso.

(2) Nokuba ububanzi bentambo yombane kunye nentambo yomhlaba ilungile, nokuba unikezelo lwamandla kunye nentambo yomhlaba zidityaniswe ngokuqinileyo (impedance yamaza asezantsi), nokuba ngaba ikhona indawo kwiPCB yentambo yomhlaba ukuba yandiswe.

(3) Ingaba amanyathelo afanelekileyo athatyathwa kwimigca yeempawu eziphambili, njengobude obufutshane, imigca yokukhusela, imigca yokufaka kunye nemigca yokuphuma ihlukaniswe ngokucacileyo.

(4) Isiphaluka se-analog kunye nenxalenye yesekethe yedijithali, nokuba kukho ucingo oluzimeleyo lomhlaba.

(5) Nokuba imizobo (efana ne-ICONS kunye nobhalo) eyongezwe kwi-PCB iya kubangela umqondiso wesiphaluka esifutshane.

(6) Guqula imigca engonelisiyo.

(7) Nokuba umgca wenkqubo wongezwa kwi-PCB, nokuba ngaba i-welding yokumelana nayo iyahlangabezana neemfuno zenkqubo yemveliso, nokuba ubukhulu be-welding bufanelekile, nokuba uphawu lweempawu licinezelwe kwiphedi yokufaka isixhobo, ukuze ukungachaphazeli umgangatho wezixhobo zombane.

(8) Nokuba umda wesakhelo sangaphandle somaleko wokuhambisa umbane kwibhodi yemaleko emininzi uncitshisiwe, njengefoyile yobhedu evezwe ngaphandle kwebhodi yomaleko wombane kulula ukwenza isekethe emfutshane.

Lilonke, ezi zakhono zingasentla kunye neendlela amava, ezixabisa ukufunda xa sizoba ibhodi PCB. Kwinkqubo yokuzoba i-PCB, ukongeza kusetyenziso olunobuchule lwezixhobo zokuzoba, kufanele ukuba sibe nolwazi oluqinileyo lwethiyori kunye namava atyebileyo asebenzayo, anokukunceda ugcwalise imephu yakho ye-PCB ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo. Kodwa kukwakho inqaku elibaluleke kakhulu, oko kukuthi, kufuneka silumke, kungakhathaliseki ukuba i-wiring okanye ukucwangciswa ngokubanzi, inyathelo ngalinye kufuneka lilumke kakhulu kwaye linzulu, kuba impazamo yakho encinci inokukhokelela kwimveliso yakho yokugqibela ibe yinkunkuma, kwaye awukwazi ukufumana. iphosakele phi, Ke sikhetha ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kwinkqubo yokuzoba ukujonga ngononophelo iinkcukacha kunokuba sibuyele umva kwaye sijonge ukuba kukho into engahambanga kakuhle, enokuthatha ixesha elininzi. Ngamafutshane, inkqubo ye-PCB inika ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha.