Enqubeni yokuklama ye- hi-igh-speed PCB, i-wiring yikhono elinemininingwane eminingi futhi lilinganiselwe kakhulu, onjiniyela bavame ukubhekana nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene kule nqubo. Lesi sihloko sizokwenza kuqala isingeniso esiyisisekelo ku-PCB, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo senze incazelo elula yesimiso sokuhlanganisa izintambo, ekugcineni sizoletha amakhono amane ezintambo ze-PCB nezinto ezibalulekile.

Here are some good wiring tips and essentials:

Okokuqala, isingeniso esiyisisekelo senziwa. Inombolo yezendlalelo ze-PCB ingahlukaniswa ibe isendlalelo esisodwa, isendlalelo esiphindwe kabili kanye nesendlalelo esiningi. Isendlalelo esisodwa sesisusiwe manje. Ibhodi elinesitezi eliphindwe kabili lokho okusetshenziswa isistimu yomsindo manje kuningi kakhulu, kuwukubheka umphumela njengengane yebhodi eyimodeli engavamile, amaphuzu ebhodi anezingqimba eziningi kuya ku-4 afinyelele ebhodini lika-4 ngenhla okungukuthi, ngokwesidingo sokuminyana kwengxenye engeyinde. tshela izendlalelo ezi-4 zanele ngokwanele. Kusukela ku-Engeli ye- ngokusebenzisa imbobo ingahlukaniswa ngembobo, imbobo eyimpumputhe, nembobo egqitshiwe. A through-hole is a hole that goes directly from the top to the bottom; Umgodi oyimpumputhe ugqokwa kusuka phezulu noma phansi umgodi kuya koqweqwe oluphakathi, bese ungaqhubeki nokugqokwa. Le nzuzo iwukuthi isikhundla somgodi asivinjelwe kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni, futhi ezinye izingqimba zingakwazi ukuhamba endaweni yomgodi. The buried hole is this hole that goes through the mesosphere to the mesosphere, is buried, the surface is completely invisible. Isimo esithile sikhonjiswe esithombeni esingezansi.

Ngaphambi kokufakwa kwezintambo okuzenzakalelayo, izintambo ezinezidingo eziphezulu zomugqa osebenzisanayo kusengaphambili, umugqa oseceleni wokufaka nokukhiphayo akufanele uhambisane ngokuhambisana, ukugwema ukuphazamiseka kokubonisa. Uma kunesidingo, izintambo zomhlabathi zingasetshenziselwa ukuhlukaniswa, futhi izintambo zezingqimba ezimbili eziseduze kufanele zibe perpendicular komunye nomunye, ngoba izingqimba ezihambisanayo zivame ukukhiqiza ukuhlanganisa i-parasitic. Izinga lokusatshalaliswa kwezintambo ezizenzakalelayo lincike ekuhlelweni okuhle, imithetho yezintambo ingasethwa kusengaphambili, njengenani lemigqa yokugoba, inani lemigodi, inani lezinyathelo, njll. It is to undertake exploration type wiring first commonly, connect short line quickly, pass maze type wiring again, the connection that wants cloth undertakes global wiring route optimization, it can disconnect the line that already cloth according to need and try to re – route again, improve overall wiring effect thereby.

Ngokwesakhiwo, umthetho owodwa uwukugcina idijithali ne-analogi zihlukene ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi umthetho owodwa uwukugcina isivinini esiphansi siqhelelane nesivinini esikhulu. Umgomo oyisisekelo kakhulu ukuhlukanisa isisekelo sedijithali kanye nesisekelo se-analog. I-Digital grounding iyidivayisi eshintshayo, futhi yamanje inkulu kakhulu ngesikhathi sokushintsha, futhi incane kakhulu uma inganyakazi. Ngakho-ke, ukugxiliswa kwedijithali akukwazi ukuxutshwa nesisekelo se-analog. Isakhiwo esinconyiwe singabukeka njengalesi esingezansi.

1. Izinyathelo zokuqapha zokufaka izintambo phakathi kokuphakelwa kukagesi nentambo yaphansi

(1) Ukwengeza amandla okuhlukanisa phakathi kokuphakelwa kukagesi nentambo yaphansi. Qinisekisa ukuxhuma ukunikezwa kwamandla kuphini le-chip ngemuva kwe-decoupling capacitor, isibalo esilandelayo sibala indlela yokuxhuma eningi engalungile nendlela efanele yokuxhuma, sibheka kokulandelayo, ngabe kukhona iphutha elinjalo? Decoupling capacitor generally has two functions: one is to provide the chip with instantaneous large current, and the other is to remove the power supply noise. On the one hand, the noise of the power supply should be minimized to affect the chip, and on the other hand, the noise generated by the chip should not affect the power supply.

(2) ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kunwetshwe ukunikezwa kwamandla kanye nentambo yaphansi, intambo yaphansi ehamba phambili ibanzi kunolayini wamandla, ubuhlobo bayo buwukuthi: ucingo oluphansi “umugqa wamandla” wesignali.

(3) angasebenzisa indawo enkulu yethusi ungqimba njengoba umhlabathi, ebhodini ephrintiwe ayisetshenziswa endaweni axhumene nomhlabathi, ukusetshenziswa komhlabathi, noma ezenziwe multi-ungqimba, ugesi, umhlabathi ngamunye hlala ungqimba.

2. Isekethe yedijithali nokuhlanganiswa kokuhlanganiswa kwesifunda se-analog

Namuhla, ama-PCBS amaningi awasewona amasekhethi anomsebenzi owodwa, kodwa akhiwe ingxube yamasekhethi edijithali ne-analog, ngakho-ke ukugxambukela phakathi kwawo kudinga ukucatshangelwa lapho kuthungwa umzila, ikakhulukazi ukuphazamiseka komsindo phansi.

Ngenxa yamasekhethi edijithali emvamisa ephezulu, ukuzwela kwesekethe ye-analog kunamandla, emigqeni yesignali, isignali yefrikhwensi ephezulu ngangokunokwenzeka kude nedivayisi ye-analog ebucayi, kodwa kuyo yonke i-PCB, intambo ephansi ye-PCB eya kumanodi omhlaba angaphandle ingaba neyodwa kuphela. , ngakho-ke kufanele kube ngaphakathi kokucutshungulwa kwe-PCB, isekhethi yedijithali nezinkinga zesifunda se-analog, nangaphakathi kwebhodi lesifunda, Umhlabathi wesekhethi yedijithali kanye nomhlabathi wesekethe ye-analog empeleni kuhlukene, kuphela kusixhumi esibonakalayo (ipulaki, njll.) lapho i-PCB ixhumeke khona emhlabeni wangaphandle. Umhlabathi wesekethe yedijithali mfushane kancane kumhlaba wesifunda se-analog, sicela wazi ukuthi kunephuzu elilodwa lokuxhuma, kukhona nomhlabathi ongavamile ku-PCB, lokhu kuncike ekwakhiweni kohlelo.

3. Ukucutshungulwa kwamakhona emigqa

Imvamisa kuzoba noshintsho lokujiya ekhoneni lomugqa, kodwa lapho ububanzi bomugqa bushintsha, kuzoba khona into ethile yokubonisa. Ngokuhlukahluka kogqinsi komugqa, ama-engeli angakwesokudla yiwona amabi kakhulu, ama-degree angu-45 angcono, namakhona ayindilinga angcono kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, amakhona ayindilinga anzima ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile kunqunywa ukuzwela kwesiginali. Ngokuvamile, i-Angle degree engu-45 yanele isignali, futhi kuphela leyo mizila ebucayi kakhulu edinga amakhona ayindilinga.

4. Check the design rules after laying the line

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi senzani, kufanele sikuhlole ngemva kokuqeda, njengoba nje kufanele sihlole izimpendulo zethu uma sisalelwe isikhathi sokuhlolwa, okuyindlela ebalulekile yokuba sithole amamaki aphezulu, futhi kuyinto efanayo nakithi. ukudweba amabhodi PCB. Ngale ndlela, singaqiniseka ngokwengeziwe ukuthi amabhodi wesifunda esiwadwebayo ayimikhiqizo efanelekayo. Ukuhlola kwethu okuvamile kunalezi zici ezilandelayo:

(1) ukuthi ingabe ibanga eliphakathi kolayini nolayini, ulayini kanye nephedi yengxenye, ulayini kanye nembobo, iphedi lengxenye kanye nembobo, imbobo kanye nembobo yokubhoboza linengqondo, noma liyahlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza.

(2) Ukuthi ububanzi bentambo yamandla nentambo yaphansi bufanelekile yini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ugesi kanye nekhebuli yaphansi kuhlanganiswe ngokuqinile (i-low wave impedance), kanye nokuthi sikhona yini isikhala ku-PCB ukuze inwetshwe intambo yaphansi.

(3) Ukuthi kuthathwa izinyathelo ezingcono kakhulu zemigqa yesignali eyinhloko, njengobude obufushane kakhulu, imigqa yokuvikela, imigqa yokufaka kanye nemigqa yokukhipha ihlukaniswe ngokucacile.

(4) Isifunda se-Analog nesekethe yedijithali ingxenye, noma ngabe kukhona izintambo zomhlabathi ezizimele.

(5) Ukuthi izithombe (ezifana ne-ICONS nezinothi) ezengezwe ku-PCB zizobangela ukujikeleza okufushane kwesignali.

(6) Shintsha eminye imigqa engagculisi.

(7) Ukuthi umugqa wenqubo wengezwe ku-PCB, noma ngabe ukushisela ukumelana kuyahlangabezana nezidingo zenqubo yokukhiqiza, noma ngabe usayizi we-welding wokumelana ufanelekile, nokuthi uphawu lomlingiswa lucindezelwe yini kuphedi lokushisela ledivayisi, ukuze ukungathinti ikhwalithi yemishini kagesi.

(8) Ukuthi unqenqema lohlaka lwangaphandle lwesendlalelo sokuphakelwa kwamandla ebhodini elinezingqimba eziningi luncishisiwe, njengephepha lethusi elivezwe ngaphandle kwebhodi lesendlalelo sokuphakelwa kwamandla kulula ukubangela ukujikeleza okufushane.

Sekukonke, amakhono nezindlela ezingenhla kuwukuhlangenwe nakho, okufanele ukufunde lapho sidweba ibhodi le-PCB. Enqubweni yokudweba i-PCB, ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa okunekhono kwamathuluzi okudweba, kufanele futhi sibe nolwazi oluqinile lwethiyori nolwazi olucebile olusebenzayo, olungakusiza ukuthi uqedele imephu yakho ye-PCB ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Kepha kukhona nephuzu elibaluleke kakhulu, okungukuthi, kufanele siqaphele, noma ngabe kunentambo noma ukwakheka okuphelele zonke izinyathelo kufanele ziqaphele futhi zingathí sina, ngoba iphutha lakho elincane lingaholela ekutheni umkhiqizo wakho wokugcina ube yimfucuza, bese ungawutholi lapho okungalungile, Ngakho-ke singathanda ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi enqubweni yokudweba ukuze sihlole ngokucophelela imininingwane kunokubuyela emuva futhi sihlole ukuthi kukhona yini okungahambi kahle, okungase kuthathe isikhathi esiningi. Ngamafuphi, inqubo ye-PCB inaka imininingwane.