Trükkplaat (PCB) on elektroonikaseadmete vooluahela komponentide ja komponentide tugi. See tagab elektriühendused vooluahela elementide ja seadmete vahel. With the rapid development of electronic technology, PCB density is getting higher and higher. PCB disaini võime häiretele vastu panna muudab palju. Practice has proved that even if the circuit schematic design is correct and the printed circuit board design is improper, the reliability of electronic products will be adversely affected. For example, if two thin parallel lines on a printed board are close together, there will be a delay in the signal waveform, resulting in reflected noise at the end of the transmission line. Therefore, when designing printed circuit board, we should pay attention to the correct method, comply with the general principle of PCB design, and should meet the requirements of anti-interference design.

PCB disaini üldpõhimõtted

The layout of components and wiring is important for optimal performance of electronic circuits. In order to design PCB with good quality and low cost, the following general principles should be followed:

1. Juhtmestik

Juhtmete paigaldamise põhimõtted on järgmised:

(1) Sisend- ja väljundklemmide paralleeljuhtmeid tuleks võimaluse korral vältida. Tagasisideühenduse vältimiseks on parem juhtmete vahele lisada maandusjuhe.

(2) The minimum width of PCB wire is mainly determined by the adhesion strength between wire and insulating substrate and the value of current flowing through them. When the thickness of copper foil is 0.5mm and the width is 1 ~ 15mm, the current through 2A, the temperature will not be higher than 3℃. Therefore, the wire width of 1.5mm can meet the requirements. For integrated circuits, especially digital circuits, 0.02 ~ 0.3mm wire width is usually selected. Of course, whenever possible, use wide wires, especially power and ground cables. Juhtmete minimaalse vahekauguse määravad halvimal juhul peamiselt isolatsioonitakistus ja juhtmete vaheline purunemispinge. For integrated circuits, especially digital circuits, the spacing can be less than 5 ~ 8mil as long as the process permits.

(3) Trükitud traadi painutamine võtab tavaliselt ringkaare ja täisnurk või kõrgsageduslikus ahelas sisalduv nurk mõjutab elektrilist jõudlust. In addition, avoid using large copper foil as far as possible, otherwise, when heated for a long time, copper foil is easy to expand and fall off. Kui tuleb kasutada suuri vasefooliumi alasid, on kõige parem kasutada võre. See soodustab vaskfooliumi eemaldamist ja substraadi sidumist lenduva gaasi tekitatud soojuse vahel.