의 정의 high-frequency PCB board

High frequency board refers to the special electromagnetic frequency circuit board, used in high frequency (greater than 300 MHZ frequency or wavelength is less than 1 meter) and microwave (greater than 3 GHZ frequency or wavelength is less than 0.1 meters) in the field of PCB, is on the microwave base copper clad using common rigid circuit board manufacturing method of a part of the process or the use of special processing methods and the production of circuit boards. In general, high-frequency boards can be defined as circuit boards with frequencies above 1GHz.

With the rapid development of science and technology, more and more equipment design is in the microwave band (> 1GHZ) and even with the millimeter wave field (30GHZ) above the application, which also means that the frequency is higher and higher, the substrate of the circuit board requirements are also higher and higher. For example, substrate materials need to have excellent electrical properties, good chemical stability, with the increase of power signal frequency in the substrate loss requirements are very small, so the importance of high frequency plate is highlighted.

Classification of PCB high frequency plate

1, at the end of the ceramic filled thermosetting material

가공 방법 :

And epoxy resin/glass woven cloth (FR4) similar processing process, but the plate is more brittle, easy to break, drilling and gong plate drill nozzle and gong knife life is reduced by 20%.

2. PTFE(폴리테트라플루오로에틸렌) 재질

가공 방법 :

1. 재료 개봉: 긁힘 및 움푹 들어간 곳을 방지하기 위해 보호 필름을 유지해야 합니다.

2. 드릴:

2.1 use a new drill (standard 130), one piece stacked is the best, the presser foot pressure is 40psi

2.2 알루미늄 시트를 커버 플레이트로 사용하고 1mm 조밀한 아민 플레이트를 사용하여 PTFE 플레이트를 조입니다.

2.3 드릴링 후 에어건으로 구멍의 먼지를 불어냅니다.

2.4 With the most stable drilling rig, drilling parameters (basically, the smaller the hole, the faster the drilling rate, the smaller Chip load, the smaller the return rate)

3. 홀 가공

플라즈마 처리 또는 나트륨-나프탈렌 활성화 처리는 기공의 금속화에 유리합니다.

4. PTH 싱크 구리

4.1 마이크로 에칭 후(마이크로 에칭 속도는 20마이크로인치로 제어됨), 플레이트는 PTH 풀로 오일 제거 실린더에서 공급됩니다.

4.2 If necessary, go through the second PTH, just from the forecast? The cylinder began to enter the plate

5. The resistance welding

5.1 Pre-treatment: use acid washing plate instead of mechanical grinding plate

5.2 After pre-treatment, bake plate (90℃, 30min), brush green oil and cure

5.3 Three baking plates: one is 80℃, 100℃ and 150℃ for 30min each (if oil is found on the substrate surface, it can be reworked: wash off the green oil and reactivate it)

6. Gong board

Lay the white paper on the PTFE board circuit surface, and clamp it with fr-4 base plate or phenolic base plate with a thickness of 1.0mm and copper removal: As shown in the figure:

PCB 고주파 보드는 무엇입니까? PCB 고주파 판 분류

High frequency and high speed sheet material

고주파 회로용 PCB용 기판을 선택할 때는 서로 다른 주파수에서 재료 DK의 변동 특성을 특별히 고려해야 합니다. For the requirements of signal high-speed transmission or characteristic impedance control, DF and its performance under the conditions of frequency, temperature and humidity are mainly investigated.

Under the condition of frequency variation, the DK and DF values of general substrate materials change greatly. 특히 L MHz에서 L GHz의 주파수 범위에서 DK 및 DF 값이 더 명확하게 변경됩니다. For example, the GENERAL epoxy – glass fiber substrate material (general FR-4) has a DK value of 4.7 at lMHz and a DK value of 4.19 at lGHz. Above lGHz, its DK value changes gently. For example, under l0GHz, the DK value of FR-4 is 4.15. For substrate materials with high speed and high frequency characteristics, the DK value changes slightly. From lMHz to lGHz, the DK value mostly stays within 0.02 range. The DK value tends to decrease slightly at different frequencies from low to high.

The dielectric loss factor (DF) of the general substrate material is larger than that of DK due to the influence of frequency variation (especially in the high frequency range). 따라서 기판 재료의 고주파 특성을 평가할 때 DF 값의 변화에 ​​중점을 두어야 합니다. The substrate materials with high speed and high frequency characteristics are obviously different from the general substrate materials in terms of the variation characteristics at high frequency. One is that with the change of frequency, its (DF) value changes very little. 다른 하나는 변형 범위에서 일반 기판 재료와 유사하지만 자체(DF) 값이 더 낮습니다.

How to choose high frequency high speed plate

PCB 보드 선택은 설계 요구 사항, 대량 생산 및 비용 간의 균형을 충족해야 합니다. In short, the design requirements consist of two components: electrical and structural reliability. This is usually important when designing very high speed PCB boards (frequencies greater than GHz). For example, the fr-4 material commonly used today may not be applicable due to its large Df (Dielectricloss) at several GHz frequencies.

PCB 고주파 보드는 무엇입니까? PCB 고주파 판 분류

For example, a 10Gb/S high-speed digital signal is a square wave, which can be regarded as a superposition of sinusoidal signals of different frequencies. Therefore, 10Gb/S contains many different frequency signals: 5Ghz fundamental signal, 3 order 15GHz, 5 order 25GHz, 7 order 35GHz signal, etc. The integrity of the digital signal and the steepness of the upper and lower edges are the same as the low loss and low distortion transmission of rf microwave (the high frequency harmonic part of the digital signal reaches the microwave band). Therefore, in many respects, the PCB material selection of high-speed digital circuits is similar to the requirements of RF microwave circuits.

PCB 고주파 보드는 무엇입니까? PCB 고주파 판 분류

In practical engineering operations, the selection of high-frequency plates seems simple, but there are still many factors to be considered. Through the introduction of this paper, AS a PCB design engineer or a high-speed project leader, I have a certain understanding of the characteristics and selection of plates. 전기적 특성, 열적 특성, 신뢰성 등을 이해한다. And rational use of stacking, design a piece of high reliability, good processing products, various factors to consider the best.

다음은 적절한 플레이트를 선택할 때 고려해야 할 주요 요소를 소개합니다.

1, manufacturability:

다중 프레스 성능, 온도 성능, CAF/내열 및 기계적 인성(점도)(좋은 신뢰성), 내화 등급과 같은;

2, with the product matching performance (electrical, performance stability, etc.) :

Low loss, stable Dk/Df parameters, low dispersion, small change coefficient with frequency and environment, small tolerance of material thickness and rubber content (good impedance control), if the wire is long, consider low roughness copper foil. In addition, simulation is needed in the early stage of high-speed circuit design, and simulation results are the reference standard for design. “Xingsen Technology – Agilent (고속/RADIO 주파수) 공동 연구실”은 일관되지 않은 시뮬레이션 결과 및 테스트의 성능 문제를 해결하고, 일관성을 달성하기 위한 고유한 방법을 통해 많은 시뮬레이션 및 실제 테스트 폐쇄 루프 검증을 수행했습니다. 시뮬레이션 및 측정.

PCB 고주파 보드는 무엇입니까? PCB 고주파 판 분류

3. Timely availability of materials:

Many high-frequency plate procurement cycle is very long, even 2-3 months; In addition to the conventional high frequency plate RO4350 has inventory, many high frequency plates need to be provided by customers. Therefore, high frequency plate and manufacturers need to communicate well in advance, as soon as possible;

4. 비용 요소:

Depending on the price sensitivity of the product, whether it is a consumer product, or a telecommunications, medical, industrial, military application;

5. Applicability of laws and regulations, etc.

다른 국가의 환경 규정과 호환되고 RoHS 및 할로겐 프리의 요구 사항을 충족합니다.

Among the above factors, the running speed of high-speed digital circuit is the main factor to consider in PCB selection. The higher the circuit speed, the smaller the selected PCBDf value should be. 중간 및 낮은 손실의 회로판은 10Gb/S 디지털 회로에 적합합니다. The plate with lower loss is suitable for 25Gb/s digital circuit; 초저손실 패널은 50Gb/s 이상의 속도로 더 빠른 고속 디지털 회로를 수용합니다.

From the material Df:

0.01Gb/S 디지털 회로의 상한선에 적합한 0.005 ~ 10 회로 기판 사이의 Df;

0.005Gb/S 디지털 회로의 상한선에 적합한 0.003 ~ 25 회로 기판 사이의 Df;

Circuit boards with Df not more than 0.0015 are suitable for 50Gb/S or higher speed digital circuits.

Commonly used high-speed plates are:

1), Rogers: RO4003, RO3003, RO4350, RO5880, etc

2), Taiyao TUC:Tuc862, 872SLK, 883, 933, etc

3), Panasonic: Megtron4, Megtron6, etc

4), 이솔라: FR408HR, IS620, IS680 등

5) Nelco: N4000-13, N4000-13EPSI, etc

6), Dongguan Shengyi, Taizhou Wangling, Taixing 전자 레인지 등