Gulu Lampira (BGA) Kusindikizidwa bolodi dera (PCB) ndipamwamba pamwamba pamagulu a PCB omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pama circuits ophatikizika. Ma board a BGA amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokweza pamwamba pazogwiritsa ntchito kosatha, mwachitsanzo, pazida monga microprocessors. Awa ndi matumba omwe amasindikizidwa omwe sangathe kugwiritsidwanso ntchito. Mabungwe a BGA amakhala ndi zikhomo zambiri zolumikizana kuposa ma PCBS wamba. Aliyense mfundo mbale BGA akhoza welded paokha. Kulumikizana konse kwa ma PCBS amagawidwa ngati masanjidwe ofanana kapena gridi yapamwamba. Ma PCBS awa adapangidwa kuti pansi pake pazitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta, osati malo oyandikana nawo basi.

Zikhomo za phukusi la BGA ndizofupikitsa kuposa ma PCBS wamba chifukwa zimangokhala ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wathunthu. Pachifukwa ichi, imatha kupereka magwiridwe antchito bwino kwambiri. Kuwotcherera kwa BGA kumafunikira kuwongolera molondola ndipo nthawi zambiri kumawongoleredwa ndimakina ogwiritsa ntchito. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zida za BGA sizoyenera kukhazikitsa zitsulo.

Ukadaulo wowotcherera phukusi la BGA

Mawotchi obwezeretsanso amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa phukusi la BGA pamakina osindikizidwa. Kusungunuka kwa mpira wa solder kumayamba mkati mwa uvuni, mavuto omwe ali pamwamba pa mpirawo amachititsa kuti phukusili likhale logwirizana ndi malo omwe lidasindikizidwa. Izi zimapitilira mpaka phukusili litachotsedwa mu uvuni, utakhazikika ndikusanduka lolimba. Kuti mukhale ndi cholumikizira cholimba, njira yolumikizira ya BGA ndiyofunika ndipo kutentha kofunikira kuyenera kufikiridwa. Ikhozanso kuthetseratu kuthekera kwakanthawi koyenda pakagwiritsidwe ntchito njira zoyenera zowotcherera.

Ubwino wa ma CD a BGA

Kupaka kwa BGA kuli ndi zabwino zambiri, koma akatswiri okhawo apamwamba ndiomwe ali pansipa.

1. Ma phukusi a BGA amagwiritsa ntchito malo a PCB moyenera: Maphukusi a BGA amagwiritsa ntchito malangizo pazinthu zazing’ono komanso malo ochepa. Phukusili limathandizanso kupulumutsa malo okwanira ku PCB, potero kumawonjezera mphamvu yake.

2. Kukonza magwiridwe antchito amagetsi ndi matenthedwe: Kukula kwa phukusi la BGA ndikuchepa kwambiri, chifukwa chake ma PCBS ali ndi kuchepa kocheperako kutentha ndipo ndiosavuta kukwaniritsa njira zowonongera. Nthawi zonse chovala cha silicon chikakhala pamwamba, kutentha kwakukulu kumasunthira molunjika ku chipata cha mpira. Komabe, polumikizira ma silika omwe amakhala pansi, zokutira za sililoni zimalumikizana kumtunda kwa phukusi. Ndicho chifukwa chake imawonedwa ngati njira yabwino kwambiri pakompyuta yozizira. Palibe zikhomo zopindika kapena zopindika mu phukusi la BGA, motero kukulitsa kulimba kwa PCBS uku ndikuwonetsanso magwiridwe antchito amagetsi.

3. Makina opanga opitilira muyeso kudzera mu kuwotcherera kwabwino: Mapepala a BGA ndi akulu mokwanira kuzipanga kukhala zosavuta kuzungulirapo komanso zosavuta kugwirira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, kumasuka kwa kuwotcherera ndikugwirira ntchito kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yopanga mwachangu kwambiri. Mapadi akuluakulu a PCBS amathanso kusinthidwa mosavuta ngati pakufunika kutero.

4. Kuchepetsa chiopsezo chowonongeka: Phukusi la BGA limagwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kolimba, ndikupereka kulimba komanso kulimba nthawi zonse.

5. Kuchepetsa mtengo: Izi zimathandizira kuchepetsa mtengo wama CD BGA. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ma board osindikizidwa kumapereka mwayi wina wosunga zida ndi kukonza zinthu zamagetsi, ndikuthandizira kuwonetsetsa zamagetsi komanso kuchepetsa zolakwika.