Kulumikizana ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la PCB kapangidwe, kamene kangakhudze momwe magwiridwe antchito a PCB. Pochita kapangidwe ka PCB, mainjiniya osiyanasiyana amvetsetsa bwino masanjidwe, koma mainjiniya onse amagwirizana momwe angapangire kulumikizana kwa waya, komwe sikungangopulumutsa kayendedwe ka polojekitiyi kwa makasitomala, komanso kuwonetsetsa khalidwe ndi mtengo pazipita. Otsatirawa ndi njira yopangira ndi masitepe.

Momwe mungapangire kukonza magwiridwe antchito a PCB

1. Dziwani kuchuluka kwa zigawo za PCB

Kukula kwa bolodi loyendetsa ndi kuchuluka kwa zingwe zama waya kuyenera kutsimikizika koyambirira kwa kapangidwe kake. Ngati mapangidwe ake amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagulu (BGA), kuchuluka kwa zingwe zamagetsi zomwe zingafunike polumikizira zida izi kuyenera kulingaliridwa. Chiwerengero cha zingwe zamagetsi ndi mawonekedwe owongolera adzakhudza mwachindunji kulumikizana ndi kusokonekera kwa mizere yosindikizidwa. Kukula kwa mbale kumathandizira kudziwa mtundu wa mayikidwe ndi utali wa mzere wosindikizidwa kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna.

2. Kupanga malamulo ndi zoperewera

Chida chokhacho chodziyimira pawokha sichidziwa choti achite. Kuti mukwaniritse ntchito yolumikiza, chida chogwiritsa ntchito zingwe chimayenera kugwira ntchito molingana ndi malamulo ndi zopinga zoyenera. Zingwe zamagetsi zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zingwe zama waya zosiyanasiyana. Zingwe zazingwe ndizofunikira zapadera ziyenera kugawidwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kake. Gulu lililonse lazizindikiro liyenera kukhala patsogolo, ndikukweza patsogolo, malamulo okhwima. Malamulo okhudzana ndi kutalika kwa mzere wosanjikiza, mabowo ochulukirapo, kufanana, kulumikizana pakati pa mizere yazizindikiro, ndi malire osanjikiza amakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito azida. Kulingalira mosamalitsa zofunikira pamapangidwe ndi gawo lofunikira pakulumikizana bwino.

3. Chigawo chachigawo

Pofuna kukonza bwino msonkhano, malamulo opanga (DFM) amaletsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa zinthu. Ngati dipatimenti yosonkhanitsa ikulola kuti zinthu ziziyenda, dera limatha kukonzedwa kuti lithandizire kulumikizana. Malamulo ndi zopinga zomwe zimafotokozedwa zimakhudza kapangidwe kake.

4. Fani kunja kapangidwe

Pakati pazomwe zimapangidwira, kuti chida chogwiritsira ntchito chizitha kulumikizira zikhomo, pini iliyonse yazida yolumikizira iyenera kukhala ndi bowo limodzi kuti bolodi igwiritsidwe ntchito kulumikizana kwamkati, kuyesa pamzere (ICT ), ndikubwezeretsanso dera pakafunika kulumikizana kowonjezera.

Kuti tikwaniritse bwino chida chodzigwiritsira ntchito chokha, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kukula kwakukulu kwa dzenje ndi mzere wosindikizidwa kotheka, ndikutalikirana kwa 50mil kukhala koyenera. Gwiritsani ntchito mtundu wa dzenje lomwe limakulitsa kuchuluka kwa njira zolumikizira. Kuyesa pa intaneti kozungulira kumayenera kuganiziridwa mukamapanga fan. Zoyeserera zitha kukhala zodula ndipo nthawi zambiri zimayitanidwa pafupi ndi kupanga kwathunthu, kukachedwa kwambiri kuti mungaganizire zowonjezera kuti zitheke 100%.

5. Kulumikizana kwamawoko ndi kukonza ma siginecha

Ngakhale pepalali likuyang’ana pa zingwe zamagetsi zodziwikiratu, kulumikiza pamanja ndikuyenera kukhala njira yofunikira pakapangidwe ka PCB. Kuyendetsa pamanja ndikothandiza pazida zokhazokha. Mosasamala kuchuluka kwa ma siginolo ovuta, kulumikiza zikwangwani izi poyamba, kulumikiza pamanja kapena kuphatikiza zida zodziwikiratu. Zizindikiro zofunikira nthawi zambiri zimayenera kupangidwa mosamala kuti zikwaniritse zomwe mukufuna. Wiring ikamalizidwa, kulumikizana kwa ma siginolo kumayang’aniridwa ndi ogwira ntchito, omwe ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri. Chekeyo ikadutsa, mawaya amakonzedwa ndikulumikiza kwamawonekedwe amawu otsala kumayamba.

6. Makinawa basi

Kulumikizana kwa ma key ofunikira kuyenera kulingalira kuwongolera magawo ena amagetsi panthawi yolumikiza, monga kuchepetsa inductance yogawidwa ndi EMC, komanso kulumikizana kwa ma siginecha ena ndikofanana. Ogulitsa onse a EDA amapereka njira yothetsera magawo awa. Ubwino wa zingwe zamagetsi zitha kutsimikizika pamlingo winawake podziwa kuti ndi chida chiti chomwe chithandizire kulumikizira ndi momwe zimakhudzira kulumikizana.

7, mawonekedwe oyang’anira dera

Zapangidwe zam’mbuyomu nthawi zambiri zimayang’ana pakuwona kwa oyang’anira dera, koma sizowonekeranso. Bungwe loyendetsa lokhazikitsidwa modabwitsa silili lokongola monga kapangidwe kabuku, koma limatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamagetsi, ndipo kukhulupirika kwamapangidwe kumatsimikizika.

Kwa akatswiri opanga maukadaulo, ukadaulo ndiwolimba kapena ayi, sikuyenera kokha kuchuluka kwa zigawo ndi liwiro lakuweruza, pokhapokha kuchuluka kwa zida, liwiro lazizindikiro ndi zina zomwe zikufanana ndi nkhaniyi, kuti amalize kukonza madera ang’onoang’ono, zigawo zochepa, kutsika mtengo kwa bolodi la PCB, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito ikuyenda bwino komanso kukongola, ndiye mbuye.