Izintambo ziyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ye- PCB design, okuzothinta ngqo ukusebenza kwebhodi le-PCB. Enkambisweni ye-PCB design, onjiniyela bezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene banokuqonda kwabo ukwakheka, kepha bonke onjiniyela besakhiwo bayahambisana ekutheni ungathuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kahle kwezintambo, ezingagcini ngokugcina umjikelezo wokuthuthuka kwephrojekthi yamakhasimende, kodwa futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi ikhwalithi nezindleko kuze kufike phezulu. Okulandelayo kuyinqubo nezinyathelo zokuklama ezijwayelekile.

Ungayithuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kahle kwezintambo zedizayini ye-PCB

1. Thola inani lezinhlaka ze-PCB

Ubukhulu bebhodi lesifunda nenombolo yezendlalelo zentambo kudingeka zinqunywe ekuqaleni komklamo. Uma ukwakheka kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezakhi ze-high-density ball grid array (BGA), inani eliphansi lezendlalelo zewiring ezidingekayo ezintanjeni zalawa madivayisi kufanele licatshangwe. Inani lezendlalelo zezintambo nemodi yokunqwabelanisa lizothinta ngqo ukuxhunywa kanye nokuvinjelwa kwemigqa ephrintiwe. Usayizi wepuleti usiza ukunquma iphethini yokubeka nobubanzi bolayini ophrintiwe ukufeza umphumela wokuklama oyifunayo.

2. Design imithetho kanye nemikhawulo

Ithuluzi lokuzenzakalela ngokwalo alazi ukuthi lenzeni. Ukufeza umsebenzi wezintambo, ithuluzi lezintambo lidinga ukusebenza ngaphansi kwemithetho nemikhawulo efanele. Izintambo zesiginali ezahlukahlukene zinezidingo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlanganisa izintambo. Izintambo zesiginali ezinezidingo ezikhethekile kufanele zihlukaniswe ngokwedizayini. Isigaba sesiginali ngasinye kufanele sibe nokubekwa phambili, futhi lapho kuqala kuqala, imithetho iqine kakhulu. Imithetho ephathelene nobubanzi bomugqa ophrintiwe, inani eliphakeme lezimbobo, ukufana, ukuxhumana phakathi kolayini bezimpawu, nemikhawulo yongqimba inethonya elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwamathuluzi okuhambisa umzila. Ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwezidingo zomklamo kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuxhumaneni ngempumelelo.

3. Isakhiwo sesakhi

Ukwenza ncono inqubo yomhlangano, umthetho we-manufacturability design (DFM) ubeka imikhawulo ekubekweni kwezakhi. Uma umnyango womhlangano uvumela izingxenye ukuthi zihambe, isifunda singalungiswa ukuze kube lula ukwenza izintambo ngokuzenzekelayo. Imithetho nezingqinamba ezichaziwe zithinta ukwakheka kwesakhiwo.

4. Fan design

Ngesikhathi sesigaba sokwakha fan, ukunika amandla ithuluzi lokuzenzakalela lokuxhuma izikhonkwane zezinto, iphini ngayinye yedivayisi yokukhweza kufanele okungenani ibe nomgodi owodwa wokubhoda ukuze ibhodi lisetshenziselwe ukubopha kwangaphakathi, ukuhlolwa kwe-inthanethi (ICT ), kanye nokwenza kabusha kwesifunda lapho kudingeka ukuxhumana okwengeziwe.

Ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwethuluzi le-wiring elizenzakalelayo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa usayizi omkhulu womgodi nolayini ophrintiwe ongaba khona, ngesikhawu esingu-50mil esikahle. Sebenzisa uhlobo lwembobo ekhuphula inani lezindlela zokwenza izintambo. Ukuhlolwa okuku-inthanethi kwesekethe kufanele kubhekwe lapho kuklanywa ifeni ngaphandle. Ukulungiswa kokuhlolwa kungabiza futhi kuvame uku-oda eduze kokukhiqizwa okuphelele, lapho kwephuze kakhulu ukucabanga ngokungeza ama-node ukuze kutholakale ukuhlolwa okungu-100%.

5. Izintambo ezenziwa ngesandla kanye nokucutshungulwa kwesiginali eyinhloko

Yize leli phepha ligxile kuzintambo ezizenzekelayo, ukuhlanganisa izintambo ngesandla kuzoba inqubo ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB. Ukuhamba ngesandla kusiza kumathuluzi wokuhambisa okuzenzakalelayo. Akunandaba nenani lamasignali abucayi, ukufaka izintambo kuqala kulezi zimpawu, wiring wenziwe ngesandla noma kuhlanganiswe namathuluzi wiring othomathikhi. Izimpawu ezibucayi ngokuvamile kufanele zenzelwe ngokucophelela ukufeza ukusebenza okufunwayo. Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwentambo, i-wiring yesiginali iyahlolwa ngabasebenzi bezobunjiniyela abafanele, okuyinqubo elula kakhulu. Ngemuva kokudluliswa kwesheke, izintambo ziyalungiswa bese kuhlanganiswa izintambo ezizenzakalelayo zamasignali asele.

6. Izintambo ezizenzakalelayo

Ukuxhunywa kwamasignali abalulekile kudinga ukucabanga ukulawula amanye amapharamitha kagesi ngesikhathi sokuxhunywa kwezintambo, njengokunciphisa ukungahanjiswa okusatshalalisiwe ne-EMC, futhi ukuxhunywa kwamanye amasiginali kuyafana. Bonke abathengisi be-EDA banikela ngendlela yokulawula lezi zinhlaka. Ikhwalithi ye-wiring ezenzakalelayo ingaqinisekiswa ngezinga elithile ngokwazi ukuthi imiphi imingcele yokufaka ithuluzi le-wiring elizenzakalelayo elinalo nokuthi liyithinta kanjani i-wiring.

7, ukubukeka kwebhodi lesifunda

Imiklamo yangaphambilini ivame ukugxila kwimiphumela yokubuka yebhodi lesifunda, kepha lokho akusenjalo. Ibhodi lesifunda elenzelwe ngokuzenzekelayo alilihle njengokwakhiwa kwemanuwali, kepha lingahlangabezana nezidingo zezici ze-elekthronikhi, futhi ubuqotho bomklamo buqinisekisiwe.

Okwakhiwa konjiniyela, ubuchwepheshe buqinile noma cha, akufanele buvele enanini lezendlalelo nejubane lokwahlulela, kuphela kwinani lezinto, isivinini sesiginali nezinye izimo ezifana necala, ukuqedela ukwakhiwa kwendawo encane, izingqimba ezimbalwa, izindleko eziphansi zebhodi le-PCB, nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhle nobuhle, nansi inkosi.