Kupangidwa kwa PCB bolodi Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto otere? Lero ndimakonda pulogalamu yapa xiaobian yomwe idalimbikitsa kuti nkhaniyi ikugwira ntchito yokonza ma board a PCB kwazaka zambiri za mainjiniya, zomwe zidasindikizidwa kuti zitha kugawana nanu. Mwalandiridwa kusonkhanitsa!

Pazinthu zamagetsi, kapangidwe ka board ya PCB ndiyofunikira pamapangidwe kuchokera pamawonekedwe amagetsi kupita pachinthu china, ndipo kulingalira kwake kapangidwe kake kumayenderana kwambiri ndikupanga mankhwala ndi mtundu wazinthu. Komabe, kwa anthu ambiri omwe akungopanga zamagetsi, alibe chidziwitso chambiri pankhaniyi. Ngakhale aphunzira mapulogalamu a PCB board, Koma mapangidwe a PCB nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto. Wogwiritsa ntchito Xiaobian wakhala akuchita kapangidwe ka PCB kwa zaka zambiri. Adzagawana nanu zomwe adakumana nazo mu kapangidwe ka board ya dera limodzi nanu, akuyembekeza kuti achite nawo njerwa kuti akope yade. Mapulogalamu opanga ma PCB omwe mainjiniya anali TANGO zaka zingapo zapitazo, ndipo tsopano akugwiritsa ntchito PROTEL2.7 KWA WINDOWS.

Kapangidwe ka PCB

Dongosolo lachizolowezi chokhazikitsira zinthu pa PCB:

1, ikani zigawozo ndi malo okhazikika pafupi ndi kapangidwe kake, monga chingwe chamagetsi, kuwala kwa chizindikiro, switch, cholumikizira, ndi zina zambiri, zigawozi zimayikidwa pambuyo pa LOCK ntchito ya pulogalamuyo kuti iiyike, kuti isakhale kusunthidwa ndi kulakwitsa;

2, zida zapadera ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zoyikidwa pamzerewu, monga zinthu zotenthetsera, zosinthira, IC, ndi zina;

3. Ikani zida zing’onozing’ono.

Kutalikirana pakati pa chinthucho ndi m’mphepete mwa PCB

Ngati kuli kotheka, zigawo zonse ziyenera kuikidwa mkati 3mm kuchokera m’mphepete mwa bolodi PCB kapena osachepera kuposa makulidwe a bolodi PCB. Izi ndichifukwa choti pakupanga misa yama plug-ins ndi ma soldering, akuyenera kuperekedwa poyambira kuti agwiritse ntchito. Nthawi yomweyo, kuti tipewe zopindika m’mphepete zoyambitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe, ngati pali zigawo zambiri pa bolodi la PCB, Ngati mukuyenera kupitirira 3mm, mutha kuwonjezera 3mm wothandizira m’mphepete mwa bolodi la PCB, ndikutsegula kagawo kakang’ono ka V pamphepete kothandiza, komwe kitha kuthyola ndi dzanja popanga.

Kudzipatula pakati pa kuthamanga kwapamwamba komanso kotsika

Pali magetsi oyenda kwambiri komanso ma voliyumu ochepa nthawi yomweyo pama board ambiri a PCB, zigawo zamagetsi othamanga kwambiri ndi gawo lotsika lamagetsi ziyenera kupatulidwa ndikutseguka, ndipo mtunda wopatukana ndiwokhudzana ndi kupirira kwamagetsi. Nthawi zambiri, bolodi la PCB liyenera kukhala 2mm kutali ndi magetsi oyimilira pa 2000kV, ndipo gawo lomwe lili pamwambapa liyenera kukulitsidwa, mwachitsanzo, ngati kuyeserera kwamagetsi ndi 3000V, Mtunda pakati pa mizere yamagetsi yotsika ndi yotsika uyenera kukhala wopitilira 3.5mm, nthawi zambiri kuti mupewe kuyenda, komanso bolodi la PCB pakati pamagetsi otsika ndi otsika.

PCB bolodi cabling

Kapangidwe ka makondakitala osindikizidwa ayenera kukhala ofupikira momwe angathere, makamaka pama circuits othamanga; Kutembenuza kwa waya wosindikizidwa kuyenera kuzunguliridwa, ndipo Angle yolondola kapena Angle yakuthwa imakhudza magwiridwe antchito amagetsi pamafupipafupi oyenda ndi kachulukidwe ka waya; Mukalumikiza magawo awiri, mawaya mbali zonse ayenera kukhala ozungulira, oblique, kapena opindika kuti asafanane wina ndi mnzake kuti achepetse kulumikizana kwa parasitic. Mawaya osindikizidwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholowetsera ndi kutulutsa kwa dera akuyenera kupewedwa mofanana wina ndi mnzake momwe angathere kupewa mayankho. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera mawaya oyala pakati pa mawayawa.

M’lifupi waya osindikizidwa

Kutalika kwa waya kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamagetsi ndikukhala kosavuta kupanga. Mtengo wake wocheperako umadalira kukula kwamakono, koma osachepera sayenera kukhala ochepera 0.2mm. Kutalika kwake, mizere yosindikizidwa mwatsatanetsatane, kutalika kwa waya ndi katayanitsidwe nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofunika 0.3mm; Kukwera kwazitali kwa waya m’lifupi kuyenera kuganiziridwa pakakhala pakali pano. Kuyesa kwamtundu umodzi kumawonetsa kuti makulidwe azitsulo zamkuwa ndi 50μm, mulifupi mwake wa waya ndi 1 ~ 1.5mm ndipo pano ndi 2A, kutentha kumakulira kochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, waya wokhala ndi mulifupi wa 1 ~ 1.5mm ukhoza kuthana ndi zofunikira pakupanga popanda kuyambitsa kutentha.

Mawaya oyandikana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito osindikizira amayenera kukhala okhwima momwe angathere, pogwiritsa ntchito mizere yopitilira 2 mpaka 3mm ngati zingatheke, makamaka pama circuits okhala ndi ma microprocessors. Chifukwa mzere wakomweko ndiwabwino kwambiri, chifukwa chakusintha kwamayendedwe apano, kusintha kwa nthaka, microprocessor timing signature kusakhazikika, kudzapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa phokoso; Mfundo 10-10 ndi 12-12 zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mukalumikizana pakati pa zikhomo za DIP zomwe zili m’matumba a IC, ndiye kuti, mawaya awiri akamadutsa pakati pazikhomo, timizere tating’onoting’ono titha kukhazikika ku 50mil, m’lifupi mwake mzere ndi utali wa mzere ndi 10mil, pomwe waya mmodzi yekha wadutsa pakati pa zikhomo, the pad pad can be set to 64mil, line width and line spacing are 12mil.

Kusiyanitsa kwa mawaya osindikizidwa

Kusiyana pakati pa mawaya oyandikana kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zachitetezo chamagetsi, komanso kuti ntchito igwiritsidwe bwino ndikupanga, malo ayenera kukhala otakata momwe angathere. Kutalikirana pang’ono kuyenera kukhala koyenera kuti magetsi azilimbikitsidwa. Mphamvu imeneyi imaphatikizaponso magetsi ogwiritsa ntchito, magetsi osinthasintha owonjezera ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yoyambitsidwa ndi zifukwa zina.

Ngati zikhalidwe zaukadaulo zilola zotsalira zazitsulo pakati pa mawaya, malowo adzachepetsedwa. Mlengi ayenera kuganizira izi polingalira zamagetsi. Kulumikizana kwa waya ndikotsika, kutalikirana kwa mzere wazizindikiro kumatha kukulira moyenera, mzere wazizindikiro wokhala ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwapamwamba, pamunsi uyenera kukhala waufupi momwe ungathere ndikuwonjezera malo.

Kuteteza ndi kukhazikitsa mawaya osindikizidwa

Mawaya apansi a waya wosindikizidwa adzakonzedwa m’mphepete mwa bolodi loyendetsa momwe angathere. Zojambula zambiri zamkuwa momwe zingathere ziyenera kusungidwa ngati waya wapansi pa board ya PCB, kuti zotchinga zizikhala bwino kuposa waya wautali, mawonekedwe amizere yolumikizirana ndi zotchinga zidzakonzedweratu, komanso zimathandizira pakuchepetsa mphamvu yogawidwa. Mawaya apansi a waya osindikizidwa ndi abwino kupanga zingwe kapena netiweki, chifukwa pomwe pali ma circuits ambiri ophatikizidwa pa bolodi lomwelo, makamaka ngati pali zinthu zina zomwe zimawononga mphamvu zochulukirapo, kuchepa kwa graph kumabweretsa kusiyana komwe kungakhaleko, komwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa kulolerana kwa phokoso, zikafika potambalala, kusiyanitsa komwe kungachitike kumakhala kochepa.

Kuphatikiza apo, nthaka ndi chithunzi ziyenera kukhala zofananira ndi kayendedwe ka data momwe zingathere, chomwe ndichinsinsi cha kuthekera kokweza phokoso; Multilayer PCB board imatha kutenga zigawo zingapo ngati zingwe zosanjikiza, magetsi osanjikiza, nthaka yosanjikiza imatha kuonedwa ngati yosanjikiza, nthaka yosanjikiza komanso mphamvu yamagetsi idapangidwa mkatikati mwa bolodi la PCB la multilayer, mzere wazizindikiro wopanga wosanjikiza wamkati ndi wosanjikiza wakunja.