Enqubeni ye- PCB ukwakheka, ngoba ukuhlukaniswa kwendiza, kungaholela endizeni yesethenjwa yesignali enganqamuki, yesiginali yemvamisa ephansi, ingahle ingabi nalutho, ezinhlelweni zedijithali ezinemvamisa ephezulu, isignali yemvamisa ephezulu eya endizeni eyinkomba yokubuya kwendlela, okuyindlela yokugeleza , uma ukuyekiswa kwereferensi ᒣ kokuma komhlaba, kukhombisa ukuhlukana, lokhu kuzoletha izinkinga eziningi, Njenge-EMI, i-crosstalk nezinye izinkinga. Kulokhu, ukwahlukaniswa kudinga ukuthungwa ukuze kunikezwe indlela emfushane yokubuyela emuva yesiginali. Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokucubungula zifaka ukungeza amandla wokuthunga kanye nebhuloho:

A. Ukuqothula Isiphathimandla˖

Imvamisa, i-ceramic capacitor engu-0402 noma i-0603 ibekwa ngaphesheya kokuhlukaniswa kwesiginali, futhi amandla we-capacitor ngu-0.01uF noma u-0.1uF. Uma isikhala sivumela, amanye ama-capacitors ˗ angangezwa. Okwamanje, zama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ulayini wesiginali ungaphakathi kwamandla wokuthunga we-200mil. Uma incane ibanga, ingcono ˗ futhi amanethiwekhi womabili emikhawulweni ye-capacitor ahambelana namanethiwekhi endiza eyisithenjwa esidlula kuyo isignali. Bona amanethiwekhi axhunywe emikhawulweni yomibili ye-capacitor kuMdwebo 1, futhi amanethiwekhi amabili ahlukene aqokonyiswe ngemibala emibili:

Indlela yokwenza esitebeleni PCB ibhodi

B. Ibhuloho phezu ˖

Okuvamile “ukucutshungulwa kwepakethe yamasiginali womhlaba” kusendlalelo sesiginali kulo lonke ukwahlukaniswa, kungenzeka futhi kube yiphakethe leminye imigqa yesiginali yenethiwekhi, le “phakethe lomhlaba” lishubile ngangokunokwenzeka, le ndlela yokucubungula, ibhekise kulo mfanekiso olandelayo

Indlela yokwenza esitebeleni PCB ibhodi

Nayi incazelo eyengeziwe yesizukulwane esijwayelekile sokuhlukaniswa kwesiphambano ˖

1. Isegmenti elandelayo ˖ ebhodini elilodwa, kungahle kube namandla amaningi okucutshungulwa, kanye nenani lamandla kagesi ngaphansi kwenombolo elinganiselwe; Ngemuva kokucutshungulwa okuphelele, kwakudingeka sisebenze endizeni yamandla. Kwesinye isikhathi kungaba ikhefu elihlanzekile futhi elihlanzekile futhi kwesinye isikhathi alikwazi ukugwema ukuxhumana okusalele, futhi linganikela ngesiginali ebucayi kuphela, kepha kufanele lilungiswe. Lo muzwa ufana nokuya ekhaya, ngokungazelele umbe umgodi, lokhu kuyinkinga, ukuzungeza, ibanga elincane, kungaxoshwa yinja yomuntu; Nokho,

Mane wakhe ibhuloho, noma ungaya ekhaya.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kwesingathekiso sasendle, uma wenza ukwahlukanisa ku-PCB, lapho-ke

Bheka umugqa wesiginali, noma kungenzeka okuthile.

2. Isimo esingenhla akulula ukusiziba, futhi kunesinye isimo esingahle singanakwa. Uma i-VIA iminyene kakhulu, okuholela ekusikeni kwendiza, phela enye indawo nayo ihlala esikhaleni, okuningi kuzonikeza okulandelayo ukuthi kuthathe, okuholele ekunqanyulweni, lesi simo asichaziwe lapha, isingeniso ngaphezulu. Kulokhu, udinga ukusetha imithetho emihle ekuqaleni futhi uyihlole ngokucophelela esikhathini esizayo.

Iwashi, ukusetha kabusha, amasiginali angaphezu kwe-100M futhi amanye amasiginali asemqoka webhasi awakwazi ukuhlukaniswa. Kukhona indiza eyodwa ephelele, okungcono indiza ye-GND.

Isiginali yewashi, isiginali yesivinini esikhulu kanye nesiginali ezwelayo enqabela ukuhlukaniswa kwesiphambano;

Izimpawu ezihlukile kufanele zilinganiswe phansi ukugwema ukuhlukaniswa kolayini owodwa – ububanzi. (Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Vertical cross ngangokunokwenzeka)

Indlela yokwenza esitebeleni PCB ibhodi

Indlela yokubuyisa imvamisa ephezulu yazo zonke izimpawu itholakala ngqo ngezansi komugqa wesiginali wesendlalelo esiseduze. Ubuqotho besiginali nezinkinga zesikhathi zingancishiswa kakhulu ngokubeka ungqimba oluqinile ngaphansi kwesiginali enikeza i-loop eqondile yesiginali. I-capacitor yesekethe engu-0.01uF kufanele isetshenziswe lapho ukwehlukaniswa kanye ne-crossover phakathi kwezintambo nongqimba kungenakugwenywa. Lapho kusetshenziswa ama-loop capacitors, kufanele abekwe eduze ngangokunokwenzeka empambanweni yomugqa wesiginali kanye nokwahlukanisa ungqimba.