PCB kamangidwe kamangidwe ayenera kutsatira mfundo zotsatirazi:

a) Konzani bwino malo a zigawozo ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zigawozo momwe mungathere kuti muchepetse kutalika kwa waya, kulamulira crosstalk ndi kuchepetsa kukula kwa bolodi losindikizidwa;

b) Zida zomveka zokhala ndi zikwangwani zolowa ndikutuluka pa bolodi losindikizidwa ziyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi cholumikizira momwe zingathere ndikukonzedwa mwadongosolo laubwenzi wolumikizana ndi dera momwe zingathere;

c) Kapangidwe ka malo. Malinga ndi mulingo wamalingaliro, nthawi yosinthira ma siginecha, kulolerana kwaphokoso ndi kulumikizana kwamalingaliro azinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, miyeso monga kugawa kwachibale kapena kulekanitsa kolimba kwa malupu amatengedwa kuti aziwongolera phokoso la crosstalk lamagetsi, pansi ndi chizindikiro;

d) Ikani molingana. Makonzedwe a zigawo pa bolodi lonse ayenera kukhala mwaukhondo ndi mwadongosolo. Kugawidwa kwa zigawo zowotcha ndi kachulukidwe ka waya ziyenera kukhala zofanana;

e) Kukwaniritsa zofunika pakuchotsa kutentha. Kuti muziziziritsa mpweya kapena kuwonjezera zinsinsi za kutentha, njira ya mpweya kapena malo okwanira kuti azitha kutentha ayenera kusungidwa; kwa kuziziritsa kwamadzimadzi, zofunikira zofananira ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa;

f) Zigawo zotentha siziyenera kuyikidwa mozungulira zigawo zamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo mtunda wokwanira uyenera kusungidwa kuchokera ku zigawo zina;

g) Pamene zigawo zolemera ziyenera kuikidwa, ziyenera kukonzedwa pafupi ndi malo othandizira a bolodi losindikizidwa momwe zingathere;

h) Ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakuyika, kukonza ndi kuyesa gawo;

i) Zinthu zambiri monga mtengo wamapangidwe ndi kupanga ziyenera kuganiziridwa mozama.

PCB wiring malamulo

1. Malo opangira mawaya

Zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha malo opangira mawaya:

a) Chiwerengero cha mitundu yazigawo zomwe zikuyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi njira zolumikizira ma waya zomwe zimafunikira kulumikiza zigawozi;

b) Mtunda wapakati pa njira yoyendetsera (kuphatikiza gawo la mphamvu ndi gawo la pansi) la malo opangira ma waya osindikizidwa omwe sakhudza malo osindikizira a mawaya panthawi yokonza autilaini sayenera kukhala osachepera 1.25mm kuchokera pa bolodi losindikizidwa;

c) Mtunda pakati pa chitsanzo cha conductive cha pamwamba ndi poyambira sayenera kukhala osachepera 2.54mm. Ngati njanji imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyatsira pansi, waya wapansi uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chimango.

2. Malamulo a waya

Ma waya osindikizidwa a board ayenera kutsatira malamulo awa:

a) Chiwerengero cha magawo osindikizira a waya amatsimikiziridwa malinga ndi zosowa. Chiŵerengero cha mawaya omwe ali ndi mawayilesi ayenera kukhala opitilira 50%;

b) Malinga ndi zochitika za ndondomeko ndi kachulukidwe ka mawaya, sankhani m’lifupi mwa waya ndi katayanitsidwe ka waya, ndipo yesetsani kulumikiza mawaya yunifolomu mkati mwa wosanjikiza, ndipo kachulukidwe ka mawaya amtundu uliwonse ndi ofanana, ngati n’koyenera, mapepala othandizira omwe sakugwira ntchito kapena mawaya osindikizidwa ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kusowa kwa madera opangira mawaya;

c) Zigawo ziwiri zoyandikana za mawaya ziyenera kuyikidwa molunjika kwa wina ndi mzake ndi diagonally kapena kupindika kuchepetsa mphamvu ya parasitic;

d) Mawaya a ma kondakitala osindikizidwa akuyenera kukhala aafupi momwe angathere, makamaka pa ma siginoloji othamanga kwambiri ndi ma siginolo omvera kwambiri; pa mizere yofunikira monga mawotchi, mawaya ochedwa ayenera kuganiziridwa ngati kuli kofunikira;

e) Pamene magwero amagetsi angapo (zigawo) kapena nthaka (zosanjikiza) zimakonzedwa pamtunda womwewo, mtunda wolekanitsa uyenera kukhala wosachepera 1mm;

f) Pamalo akulu akulu opitilira 5 × 5mm2, mazenera atsegulidwe pang’ono;

g) Kupanga kudzipatula kwa kutentha kuyenera kuchitidwa pakati pazithunzi zazikulu za malo opangira magetsi ndi malo apansi ndi mapepala awo ogwirizanitsa, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 10, kuti zisakhudze khalidwe la kuwotcherera;

h) Zofunikira zapadera za mabwalo ena azitsatira malamulo oyenera.

3. Mawaya otsatizana

Kuti mukwaniritse mawaya abwino kwambiri a bolodi losindikizidwa, mawaya oyendera ayenera kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi kukhudzika kwa mizere yama siginecha osiyanasiyana kuti adutse komanso zofunikira pakuchedwa kutumizira mawaya. Mizere yolumikizira ya mawaya oyambira iyenera kukhala yaifupi momwe mungathere kuti mizere yolumikiziranayi ikhale yayifupi momwe mungathere. Kawirikawiri, mawaya ayenera kukhala motere:

a) Mzere wawung’ono wa analogi;

b) Mizere yazizindikiro ndi mizere yaying’ono yazizindikiro yomwe imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi crosstalk;

c) Mzere wa chizindikiro cha wotchi;

d) Mizere yolumikizira yokhala ndi zofunikira zazikulu pakuchedwa kutumizira mawaya;

e) Mzere wa chizindikiro;

f) Chingwe chokhazikika kapena mizere ina yothandizira.