Pfupiso nhanhatu dze PCB dhizaini yekugadzira

1. Marongerwo

Kutanga, funga saizi pcb. Kana saizi pcb redunhu bhodhi rakanyanya kukura, iyo yakadhindwa mutsetse wakareba, iyo impedance inowedzera, iyo anti ruzha kugona inoderera uye mutengo unowedzera; Kana iri diki kwazvo, kupisa kupisa kwakashata, uye mitsara iripedyo iri nyore kukanganiswa. Mushure mekuona saizi pcbb, sarudza chinzvimbo chezvinhu zvakakosha. Chekupedzisira, zvese zvikamu zvedunhu zvakarongedzwa zvinoenderana neanoshanda mauniti edunhu.

Aya anoteedzera anofanirwa kucherechedzwa pakusarudza chinzvimbo chezvinhu zvakakosha:

(1) Pfupisa iyo wiring pakati yepamusoro-frequency zvinhu sezvazvinogona, uye edza kudzikisa yavo yekuparadzira parameter uye mutual yemagetsi kupindira. Zvinhu zvinokanganiswa nekukanganiswa hazvingaswedere padhuze nepadhuze, uye zvinowaniswa nekuburitsa zvinhu zvichave zviri kure sezvinobvira.

(2) Panogona kuve nemusiyano wakakura pakati pezvimwe zvinhu kana mawaya, saka daro pakati pawo rinofanira kuwedzerwa kudzivirira tsaona pfupi redunhu rinokonzerwa nekubuda. Zvinhu zvine high voltage zvichagadziriswa munzvimbo dzisiri nyore kubata panguva yekuraira.

(3) Chinzvimbo chinogarwa nenzvimbo yekumira yeplate yakadhindwa uye rutsigiro rwakamisikidzwa rwuchachengetedzwa.

Zvinoenderana nechikamu chinoshanda chedunhu, kurongeka kwezvinhu zvese zvedunhu zvinoenderana nemitemo inotevera:

(1) Ronga chinzvimbo chega chega chinoshanda wedunhu unit zvinoenderana nekutenderera kwedunhu, gadzira marongero ari nyore ekuyerera kwechiratidzo, uye chengeta chiratidzo munzira imwechete kusvika pazvinogona.

(2) Tora zvinhu zvepakati peseketi yega yega inoshanda senzvimbo uye dhizaini yakatenderedza. Izvo zvinhu zvinofanirwa kuve zvakaenzana, zvakashongedzwa uye zvakapatsanurwa zvakarongedzwa paPCB. Iwo anotungamira uye kubatana pakati pezvinhu zvinodzikiswa uye kupfupikiswa sezvinobvira.

(3) Yezve dunhu rinoshanda wakakwira frequency, miganho yekuparadzira pakati pezvinhu inofanirwa kutariswa. Kune maseketi akajairika, zvikamu zvinofanirwa kurongedzwa zvakafanana mukukwanisika. Nenzira iyi, haisi yakanaka chete, asi zvakare zvakare nyore kuunganidza uye kusungira, uye nyore kugadzirwa kwakawanda.

(4) Zvikamu zviri kumucheto kwebhodhi redunhu kazhinji hazvisi pasi pe2mm kure nemucheto webhodhi redunhu. Chimiro chakanakisa chebhodhi redunhu rectangle. Chiyero chikamu ndi3: 2 kusvika 4: 3. Kana saizi yepadenga yebhodhi redunhu iri yakakura kupfuura 200x150mm, simba remuchina redare redunhu rinofungidzirwa.

2. Wiring

Nheyo dze wiring ndedzinotevera:

(1) Vafambisi vanoshandiswa panzvimbo yekuisa uye yekubuda vanofanirwa kudzivirira padhuze nepadhuze nepazvinogona napo. Zvirinani kuwedzera pasi waya pakati pemitsetse kudzivirira mhinduro kubatanidza.

(2) Hupamhi hwehupamhi hwemakondakita akadhindwa anonyanya kutemerwa nesimba rekunamatira pakati pekondakita uye inodzivirira base ndiro uye yazvino kuyerera kuburikidza navo.

(3) Kukotama kwetambo yakadhindwa kunowanzo tenderera arc, uye kona chaiyo kana inosanganisirwa kona inokanganisa mashandiro emagetsi mune yakakwira-frequency dunhu. Uye zvakare, edza kudzivirira kushandisa yakakura-nzvimbo yemhangura foil, zvikasadaro, yemhangura foil kuwedzera uye kudonha kuri nyore kuitika kana kuchipisa kwenguva refu. Kana paine nzvimbo hombe yemhangura foil inofanira kushandiswa, zvakanakisa kushandisa grid chimiro, inoenderana nekubvisa iyo isina kugadzikana gasi inogadzirwa nekupisa kwekunamatira pakati pemhangura foil uye substrate.

3. Pad

Iyo pad yepakati gomba (mu-mutsara chishandiso) iri yakati kurei kupfuura dhayamita inotungamira yedhijitari. Kana iyo pad yacho yakanyanyisa kukura, zviri nyore kuumba nhema yekunyepedzera. Iyo yekunze dhayamita D yepadhi kazhinji haina kudzika pane (D + 1.2) mm, uko D ndiyo inotungamira gomba dhayamita. Kune akakwirisa edhijitari macircuit, iwo mashoma dhayamita yepad anogona kuva (D + 1.0) mm.

Anti kupindira matanho ePBB uye dunhu:

Iyo anti-yekukanganisa dhizaini yakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi inowirirana chaizvo kune chaiyo dunhu. Pano, pane mashoma mashoma maitiro ePCB anti-kupindira dhizaini anotsanangurwa.

1. Simba tambo dhizaini

Zvinoenderana nezvazvino zvebhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa, edza kuwedzera upamhi hwetambo yemagetsi uye kudzikisa kuramba kwechiuno. Panguva imwecheteyo, ita kutungamire kwetambo yemagetsi uye waya yepasi inoenderana nekwekufambiswa kwedata, izvo zvinobatsira kusimudzira anti ruzha kugona.

2. Roti dhizaini

Nheyo dzekugadzira waya yepasi ndeiyi:

(1) Dhijitari uye analog inoparadzaniswa. Kana paine ese ari maviri manongedzo maseketi uye ane mitsara maseketi pane wedunhu bhodhi, iwo anozopatsanurwa kusvika nepazvinogona napo. Imwe poindi inoenzanirana nevhu rinotorwa ichave yekugashira pasi peyepasi-frequency wedunhu kusvika pazvinogona. Kana zvichinetsa kubatanidza iyo chaiyo wiring, inogona kuve yakabatana chikamu munhevedzano uyezve yakabatana muparutivi. Multi point dzakateerana grounding ichave inogamuchirwa yeiyo yepamusoro-frequency dunhu, iyo yepasi waya ichave ipfupi uye yakabhadharwa, uye grid senge hombe-nzvimbo nzvimbo firipi ichashandiswa kutenderedza yakakwira-frequency zvikamu kusvika pazvinogona.

(2) Iyo waya yekukwazisa ichave yakora sezvinobvira. Kana waya yekumisikidza yakagadzirwa netambo yakasonwa, iyo yekumisikidza ingangochinja pamwe nekuchinja kwazvino, kuitira kuti anti ruzha mashandiro aderedzwa. Naizvozvo, waya yekumisikidza inofanirwa kukosheswa kuitira kuti ikwanise kupfuura katatu pari zvino pabhodhi rakadhindwa. Kana zvichibvira, iyo yekumisikidza waya ichave inopfuura 2 ~ 3mm.

(3) Iyo tambo yekumisikidza inogadzira yakavharwa chiuno. Kune akadhindwa mabhodhi chete anoumbwa nedhijitari macircuit, iyo yekumisikidza redunhu yakarongedzwa mune yemasumbu chiuno, iyo inogona kuvandudza inopesana neruzha kugona.

4. Kudonhedza capacitor gadziriso

Imwe yemaitiro akajairika ePCB dhizaini ndeyekugadzirisa yakakodzera decoupling capacitors pane yega yega kiyi chikamu chePCB. Iyo yakajairwa yekumisikidza musimboti we decoupling capacitor ndeiyi:

(1) Simba rekuisa magetsi rakabatana ne10 ~ 100uF electrolytic capacitor. Kana zvichibvira, zvirinani kubatanidza zvinopfuura 100uF.

(2) Pamwechete, yega yega yakasanganiswa wedunhu chip ichave yakagadzirirwa ne0.01uF ~ 0.1uF ceramic chip capacitor. Kana isina kukwana gapu mubhodhi rakadhindwa, 1 ~ 10PF capacitor inogona kurongwa yega yega 4 ~ 8 machipisi.

(3) Kune zvishandiso zvine simba kushomeka ruzha uye shanduko huru yesimba panguva yekudzima, senge RAM neROM zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetera, decoupling capacitors ichave yakabatana zvakananga pakati petambo yemagetsi netambo yepasi yechip.

5. Kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwegomba

Mune yekumhanyisa-kumhanyisa pcb dhizaini, inoita kunge yakapusa vias inowanzo kuunza yakakura yakaipa mhedzisiro kune wedunhu dhizaini. Kuitira kudzikisira zvakashata mhedzisiro inokonzerwa nehutachiona mhedzisiro ye vias, isu tinogona kuyedza nepatinogona mukugadzirwa

(1) Tichifunga nezve mutengo uye mhando yemasaini, zvine musoro kuburikidza nesaizi inosarudzwa. Semuenzaniso, kune 6-10 dura rekurangarira module module PCB dhizaini, zviri nani kusarudza 10 / 20MIL (kuchera / pad) vias. Kune mamwe akakwira-mashoma mashoma-saizi mabhodhi, iwe unogona zvakare kuedza kushandisa 8 / 18mil vias. Pasi pemamiriro ehunyanzvi hwazvino, zvinonetsa kushandisa zvidiki kuburikidza nemakomba (kana kudzika kwegomba kuchidarika ka6 dhayamita yekuchera, hazvigoneke kuve nechokwadi chekuti madziro egomba anogona kufukidzwa neyakafanana nendarira); Kune vias emagetsi kana pasi, saizi hombe inogona kutariswa kudzikisira impedance

(2) Iyo yekufambisa chiratidzo paPCB bhodhi haizoshandure matanda kusvika pazvinogona, ndiko kuti, zvisina kukodzera vias hazvizoshandiswe kusvika pazvinogona

(3) Hoko dzemagetsi uye nevhu rinofanira kupetwa padyo. Ipfupi iyo inotungamira pakati peiyo nepini, zvirinani

(4) Isa mamwe mavias akasendekwa padhuze neiyo vias yechinongedzo chetambo yechiratidzo kuti upe dunhu riri padhuze rechiratidzo. Iwe unogona kunyange kuisa huwandu hwakawanda hwekusagadziriswa vias paPCB

6. Humwe ruzivo mukuderedza ruzha uye kukanganiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi

(1) Kana iwe uchikwanisa kushandisa yakaderera-kumhanya machipisi, haudi iwo ekumhanya-mhanyisa iwo. Yekumhanyisa machipisi anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakakosha

(2) Nhevedzano yezvipikisi inogona kushandiswa kudzikisa kumhanya kweyekumusoro kwemativi ekumusoro uye ezasi edunhu rekutonga.

(3) Edza kupa imwe nzira ye damping yeanodzosera, nezvimwe, senge RC yekumisikidza yazvino damping

(4) Shandisa yakaderera frequency frequency iyo inosangana nezvinodiwa system.

(5) Iyo wachi ichave iri padyo sezvinobvira kune mudziyo uchishandisa wachi. Iko shell ye quartz crystal oscillator inofanira kuvharwa. Iyo wachi nzvimbo ichave yakakomberedzwa nevhu pasi waya. Mutsetse wewachi uchave mupfupi sezvinobvira. Pachave pasina wiring pasi pekristaro yekartz uye pasi pechinhu chine ruzha mudziyo. Clock, bhazi uye chip kusarudza maseru zvichave zviri kure neI / O mutsara uye chinongedzo. Iko kukanganiswa kwewachi tambo yakanangana neI / O mutsetse wakaderera pane iwo wakaenzana neI / O mutsara

(6) Mugumo wekupinza wedunhu risingashandiswe wedunhu haufanire kumbomiswa, iwo mugumo wakanaka wekushandisa usingashandisi gudzanzwi uchadzikiswa, uye magumo ekupinza asina kunaka achabatanidzwa kumagumo ekubuda.