Aliyense amadziwa kuti kupanga a PCB bolodi ndikusandutsa chojambula chopangidwa kukhala gulu lenileni la PCB. Chonde musachepetse njirayi. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimagwira ntchito moyenera koma zovuta kuzikwaniritsa muukadaulo, kapena Zomwe ena angakwanitse, ena sangathe. Choncho, sikovuta kuti PCB bolodi, koma si kophweka kuchita PCB bolodi bwino.

Zovuta ziwiri zazikulu m’munda wa ma microelectronics ndikukonza ma siginecha apamwamba kwambiri komanso ma sign ofooka. Pachifukwa ichi, mlingo wa kupanga PCB ndi wofunika kwambiri. Mapangidwe ofanana a mfundo, zigawo zomwezo, ndi ma PCB opangidwa ndi anthu osiyanasiyana amakhala ndi zotsatira zosiyana. , Ndiye tingapange bwanji bolodi labwino la PCB? Kutengera ndi zomwe takumana nazo m’mbuyomu, ndikufuna kunena malingaliro anga pazinthu izi:

1. Zolinga zamapangidwe ziyenera kukhala zomveka bwino

Kulandira kamangidwe ntchito, tiyenera choyamba kufotokoza zolinga zake kamangidwe, kaya ndi wamba PCB bolodi, mkulu-pafupipafupi PCB bolodi, yaing’ono chizindikiro processing PCB bolodi, kapena bolodi PCB ndi onse pafupipafupi mkulu ndi processing yaing’ono chizindikiro. Ngati ndi wamba PCB bolodi, bola ngati masanjidwe ndi mawaya ndi wololera ndi mwaudongo, ndi miyeso makina ndi zolondola, ngati pali sing’anga katundu mizere ndi mizere yaitali, miyeso zina ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa katundu, ndi yaitali. mzere uyenera kulimbikitsidwa kuti uyendetse, ndipo cholinga chake ndikuteteza mizere yayitali.

Pakakhala mizere yopitilira 40MHz pa bolodi, malingaliro apadera ayenera kupangidwa pamizere iyi, monga kudutsa pakati pa mizere. Ngati mafupipafupi ndi apamwamba, padzakhala zoletsa kwambiri kutalika kwa mawaya. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha netiweki cha magawo omwe amagawidwa, kuyanjana pakati pa mabwalo othamanga kwambiri ndi ma waya awo ndichinthu chotsimikizika ndipo sichinganyalanyazidwe pamapangidwe adongosolo. Pamene kuthamanga kwa chipata kumawonjezeka, kutsutsa pa mizere ya chizindikiro kudzawonjezeka moyenerera, ndipo crosstalk pakati pa mizere yoyandikana nayo idzawonjezeka molingana. Nthawi zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi kutentha kwa mabwalo othamanga kwambiri kumakhalanso kwakukulu, kotero tikuchita ma PCB othamanga kwambiri. Chisamaliro chokwanira chiyenera kuperekedwa.

Pakakhala ma millivolt kapena ma siginecha ofooka a microvolt pa bolodi, mizere yazizindikiroyi imafunikira chidwi chapadera. Zizindikiro zazing’ono ndizofooka kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kusokonezedwa ndi zizindikiro zina zamphamvu. Njira zodzitetezera nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira, apo ayi zidzachepetsa kwambiri chiŵerengero cha chizindikiro ndi phokoso. Chotsatira chake, chizindikiro chothandiza chimamizidwa ndi phokoso ndipo sichikhoza kuchotsedwa bwino.

Kutumizidwa kwa board kuyeneranso kuganiziridwa pagawo lopanga. Malo enieni a malo oyesera, kudzipatula kwa malo oyesera ndi zinthu zina sizinganyalanyazidwe, chifukwa zizindikiro zina zazing’ono ndi zizindikiro zapamwamba sizingawonjezedwe mwachindunji ku kafukufuku woyezera.

Kuonjezera apo, zinthu zina zokhudzana nazo ziyenera kuganiziridwa, monga chiwerengero cha zigawo za bolodi, mawonekedwe a phukusi la zigawo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi mphamvu zamakina a bolodi. Musanapange bolodi la PCB, muyenera kukhala ndi lingaliro labwino la mapangidwe apangidwe.

2. Kumvetsetsa zofunikira za masanjidwe ndi njira zogwirira ntchito za zigawo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito

Tikudziwa kuti zigawo zina zapadera zimakhala ndi zofunikira zapadera pamapangidwe ndi mawaya, monga ma amplifiers a analogi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi LOTI ndi APH. Ma amplifiers a analogi amafunikira mphamvu yokhazikika komanso phokoso laling’ono. Sungani gawo laling’ono la analogi kutali kwambiri ndi chipangizo chamagetsi momwe mungathere. Pa bolodi la OTI, gawo laling’ono lokulitsa ma siginecha lilinso ndi chishango kuti chiteteze kusokonekera kwa ma electromagnetic. Chip cha GLINK chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa bolodi la NTOI chimagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa ECL, womwe umagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri ndikupanga kutentha. Kulingalira kwapadera kuyenera kuperekedwa ku vuto la kutaya kutentha mu dongosolo. Ngati kutentha kwachilengedwe kukugwiritsidwa ntchito, chipangizo cha GLINK chiyenera kuikidwa pamalo omwe mpweya umayenda bwino. , Ndipo kutentha komwe kumachokera sikungakhale ndi zotsatira zazikulu pa tchipisi zina. Ngati bolodi ili ndi zokamba kapena zida zina zamphamvu kwambiri, zitha kuwononga kwambiri magetsi. Mfundo imeneyi iyeneranso kuonedwa mozama.

Chachitatu, kuganizira za kamangidwe kagawo

Chinthu choyamba chomwe chiyenera kuganiziridwa pakupanga zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi ntchito yamagetsi. Ikani zigawo zomwe zili ndi maulumikizidwe apafupi momwe zingathere, makamaka kwa mizere ina yothamanga kwambiri, zipangitseni kukhala zazifupi momwe zingathere panthawi ya masanjidwe, chizindikiro cha mphamvu ndi zigawo zing’onozing’ono za zizindikiro Kuti zisiyanitsidwe. Pachiyambi chokumana ndi kayendetsedwe ka dera, zigawozo ziyenera kuikidwa bwino komanso mokongola, komanso zosavuta kuyesa. Kukula kwamakina a bolodi ndi malo a soketi ayeneranso kuganiziridwa mosamala.

Kuyika pansi ndi nthawi yochedwa kutumizira pa mzere wolumikizana mumayendedwe othamanga kwambiri ndizinthu zoyamba zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa pakupanga dongosolo. Nthawi yotumizira pamzere wamakina imakhudza kwambiri liwiro la dongosolo lonse, makamaka pamabwalo othamanga kwambiri a ECL. Ngakhale kuti chipika chophatikizika chokha chimakhala chofulumira kwambiri, ndichifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mizere yolumikizira wamba pamzere wakumbuyo (kutalika kwa mzere uliwonse wa 30cm ndi pafupi Kuchedwa kwa 2ns) kumawonjezera nthawi yochedwa, yomwe ingachepetse kwambiri liwiro la dongosolo. . Monga zolembera zosinthira, zowerengera zofananira ndi zida zina zofananira zimayikidwa bwino pa bolodi lomwelo, chifukwa nthawi yochedwetsa ya chizindikiro cha wotchi kumapulagi osiyanasiyana siwofanana, zomwe zingapangitse kuti kaundula wosinthira apange cholakwika chachikulu. Pa bolodi limodzi, pomwe kulumikizana ndi kiyi, kutalika kwa mizere ya wotchi yolumikizidwa kuchokera ku gwero la wotchi wamba kupita ku mapulagi-mu matabwa ayenera kukhala ofanana.