Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ukwenza a PCB ibhodi iwukuguqula umdwebo wohlelo oklanyelwe ube yibhodi lesifunda le-PCB langempela. Sicela ungayithathi kancane le nqubo. Ziningi izinto ezisebenza ngokomgomo kodwa okunzima ukuzifinyelela kwezobunjiniyela, noma Lokho abanye abangakuzuza, abanye abakwazi. Ngakho-ke, akunzima ukwenza ibhodi le-PCB, kodwa akulula ukwenza kahle ibhodi le-PCB.

Izinkinga ezimbili ezinkulu emkhakheni we-microelectronics ukucutshungulwa kwamasignali amaza aphezulu kanye namasignali abuthakathaka. Mayelana nalokhu, izinga lokukhiqizwa kwe-PCB libaluleke kakhulu. Umklamo ofanayo wesimiso, izingxenye ezifanayo, nama-PCB akhiqizwa abantu abahlukene anemiphumela ehlukene. , Khona-ke singenza kanjani ibhodi le-PCB elihle? Ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu kwangaphambilini, ngithanda ukukhuluma ngemibono yami ngalezi zici ezilandelayo:

1. Imigomo yokuklama kufanele icace

Ukwamukela umsebenzi wokuklama, kufanele siqale sicacise imigomo yayo yokuklama, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ibhodi le-PCB elivamile, ibhodi le-PCB elinemvamisa ephezulu, ibhodi elincane le-PCB elicutshungulwa isignali, noma ibhodi le-PCB elinakho kokubili ukuvama okuphezulu nokucutshungulwa kwesignali encane. Uma kuyibhodi le-PCB elivamile, Inqobo nje uma ukwakheka kanye nezintambo kunengqondo futhi kucocekile, futhi ubukhulu bemishini bunembile, uma kukhona imigqa yokulayisha ephakathi nendawo nemigqa emide, izinyathelo ezithile kufanele zisetshenziswe ukunciphisa umthwalo, futhi ubude obude. ulayini kufanele uqiniswe ukuze ushayele, futhi kugxilwe kuwo ukuvimbela ukubonakaliswa komugqa omude.

Uma kunemigqa yesignali engaphezu kuka-40MHz ebhodini, kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokukhethekile le migqa yesignali, njengokuphambana phakathi kwemigqa. Uma i-frequency iphezulu, kuzoba nemikhawulo eqinile kubude bezintambo. Ngokombono wenethiwekhi wamapharamitha asabalalisiwe, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamasekhethi anesivinini esikhulu kanye nezintambo zawo kuyisici esinqumayo futhi akunakuzitshwa ekwakhiweni kwesistimu. Njengoba ijubane lokudlulisela lesango landa, ukuphikiswa emigqeni yesignali kuzokwanda ngokufanele, futhi i-crosstalk phakathi kwemigqa yesignali eseduze izokhula ngokulinganayo. Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokuchithwa kokushisa kwamasekhethi anesivinini esikhulu nakho kukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke senza ama-PCB anesivinini esikhulu. Kufanele kunakwe ngokwanele.

Uma kukhona amasiginali abuthakathaka emillivolt noma ngisho ne-microvolt ebhodini, le migqa yesignali idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Izimpawu ezincane zibuthakathaka kakhulu futhi zisengozini enkulu yokuphazamiseka kwezinye izimpawu ezinamandla. Izinyathelo zokuvikela zivame ukudingekile, kungenjalo zizonciphisa Kakhulu isilinganiso sesignali-kuya-nomsindo. Ngenxa yalokho, isignali ewusizo ingaphansi komsindo futhi ayikwazi ukukhishwa ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukugunyazwa kwebhodi kufanele futhi kubhekwe esigabeni sokuklama. Indawo engokoqobo yephoyinti lokuhlola, ukuhlukaniswa kwendawo yokuhlola nezinye izici azikwazi ukushaywa indiva, ngoba ezinye izimpawu ezincane namasignali amaza aphezulu azikwazi ukungezwa ngokuqondile ku-probe ukuze kulinganiswe.

Ukwengeza, ezinye izici ezihlobene kufanele zicatshangelwe, njengenani lezingqimba zebhodi, ukuma kwephakheji yezingxenye ezisetshenzisiwe, namandla omshini webhodi. Ngaphambi kokwenza ibhodi le-PCB, kufanele ube nombono omuhle wemigomo yokuklama yokuklama.

2. Qonda izidingo zesakhiwo kanye nemizila yemisebenzi yezingxenye ezisetshenzisiwe

Siyazi ukuthi ezinye izingxenye ezikhethekile zinezidingo ezikhethekile ekuhlelweni nasekufakeni izintambo, njengezikhulisi zesignali ze-analogi ezisetshenziswa yi-LOTI ne-APH. Ama-amplifiers esignali ye-analog adinga amandla azinzile kanye ne-ripple encane. Gcina ingxenye yesignali encane ye-analogi ikude ngangokunokwenzeka nedivayisi yamandla. Ebhodini le-OTI, ingxenye encane yokukhulisa isignali nayo ifakwe ngokukhethekile isihlangu sokuvikela ukuphazamiseka kozibuthe kagesi. I-chip ye-GLINK esetshenziswe ebhodini le-NTOI isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-ECL, obudla amandla amaningi futhi bukhiqize ukushisa. Ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile kufanele kunikezwe inkinga yokukhipha ukushisa ekuhlelweni. Uma kusetshenziswa ukukhishwa kokushisa kwemvelo, i-chip ye-GLINK kufanele ibekwe endaweni enomoya ohamba kahle. , Futhi ukushisa okukhishwayo akukwazi ukuba nomthelela omkhulu kwamanye ama-chips. Uma ibhodi lifakwe izipikha noma ezinye izisetshenziswa zamandla aphezulu, lingabangela ukungcoliswa okukhulu kokunikezwa kwamandla. Leli phuzu kufanele futhi lithathwe ngokungathí sina.

Okwesithathu, ukucatshangelwa kwesakhiwo sengxenye

Isici sokuqala okufanele sicatshangelwe ekuhlelweni kwezingxenye ukusebenza kukagesi. Hlanganisa izingxenye ezixhumene eduze ngangokunokwenzeka, ikakhulukazi kweminye imigqa enesivinini esikhulu, zenze zibe zifushane ngangokunokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlela, isignali yamandla kanye nezingxenye zesignali ezincane Ezizohlukaniswa. Esigabeni sokuhlangana nokusebenza kwesifunda, izingxenye kufanele zibekwe ngobunono nangobuhle, futhi kube lula ukuzihlola. Ubukhulu bomshini webhodi kanye nendawo yesokhethi kufanele futhi kucatshangelwe ngokucophelela.

Isikhathi sokulibaziseka kanye nesikhathi sokulibaziseka kumugqa wokuxhuma ohlelweni lwesivinini esikhulu nakho kuyizici zokuqala okufanele zicatshangelwe ekwakhiweni kwesistimu. Isikhathi sokudlulisela emugqeni wesiginali sinomthelela omkhulu kusivinini sesistimu iyonke, ikakhulukazi kumasekethe e-ECL anesivinini esikhulu. Nakuba i-block circuit ehlanganisiwe ngokwayo ishesha kakhulu, kungenxa yokusetshenziswa kwemigqa yokuxhuma evamile ku-backplane (ubude bomugqa ngamunye we-30cm bumayelana Inani lokulibaziseka lama-2ns) kwandisa isikhathi sokulibaziseka, esinganciphisa kakhulu isivinini sesistimu. . Njengamarejista amashifu, izinto zokubala ezivumelanayo nezinye izakhi zokusebenza ezivumelanayo zibekwe kangcono ebhodini elifanayo le-plug-in, ngoba isikhathi sokulibaziseka kokudlulisa kwesignali yewashi kumabhodi e-plug-in ahlukene asilingani, okungabangela irejista ye-shift ukuthi ikhiqize iphutha elikhulu. Ebhodini elilodwa, lapho ukuvumelanisa kuyisihluthulelo, ubude bemigqa yewashi exhunywe emthonjeni wewashi evamile kuya kumabhodi e-plug-in kufanele bulingane.