Ntawv luam tawm hauv Circuit Court board (PCB) yog lub hauv paus ntawm yuav luag txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Cov PCB zoo kawg no tuaj yeem pom hauv ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws, suav nrog Android xov tooj, khoos phis tawj, khoos phis tawj, tshuab xam zauv, ntse saib thiab lwm yam. Hauv cov lus yooj yim heev, PCB yog lub rooj tsav xwm uas qhia cov cim hluav taws xob hauv lub cuab yeej, uas ua rau muaj hluav taws xob ua tau zoo thiab qhov xav tau ntawm lub cuab yeej tau teeb tsa los ntawm tus tsim qauv.

PCB muaj cov txheej txheem ua los ntawm FR-4 cov khoom thiab tooj liab txoj hauv kev hla lub Circuit Court nrog cov cim qhia thoob plaws lub rooj tsavxwm.

Ua ntej tsim PCB, tus tsim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yuav tsum mus ntsib PCB kev tsim khoom kom nkag siab zoo txog lub peev xwm thiab kev txwv ntawm kev tsim PCB. Cov Chaw Muaj Vaj Tse. Qhov no tseem ceeb vim tias ntau tus kws tsim PCB tsis paub txog cov kev txwv ntawm PCB chaw tsim khoom thiab thaum lawv xa daim ntawv tsim qauv mus rau PCB chaw tsim khoom lag luam/chaw, lawv rov qab thiab thov hloov pauv kom tau raws li qhov muaj peev xwm/txwv ntawm PCB txheej txheem kev tsim khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tus kws tsim hluav taws xob ua haujlwm rau ib lub tuam txhab uas tsis muaj lub khw tsim khoom PCB hauv tsev, thiab lub tuam txhab ua haujlwm dhau los ua haujlwm rau lub tuam txhab tsim khoom PCB txawv teb chaws, tom qab ntawd tus tsim qauv yuav tsum hu rau lub chaw tsim khoom online thiab thov txwv lossis tshwj xeeb xws li raws li qhov siab tshaj tooj liab phaj tuab ib feeb, ntau txheej txheej, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm PCB panels.

Hauv daim ntawv no, peb yuav tsom mus rau COV txheej txheem tsim khoom PCB, yog li ntawv no yuav pab tau rau cov tsim qauv hauv Circuit kom maj mam nkag siab txog PCB kev tsim khoom, kom zam kev tsim yuam kev.

Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem tsim khoom PCB

Kauj Ruam 1: PCB tsim thiab GERBER cov ntaub ntawv

< p> Cov neeg tsim khoom siv kos duab kos duab kab kos hauv CAD software rau kev teeb tsa PCB tsim. Tus tsim qauv yuav tsum koom tes nrog PCB chaw tsim khoom hais txog software siv los teeb tsa PCB tsim kom tsis muaj teeb meem sib xws. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws CAD PCB tsim software yog Altium Designer, Eagle, ORCAD thiab Mentor PADS.

Tom qab PCB tsim tau lees paub rau kev tsim khoom, tus tsim qauv yuav tsim cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm PCB cov chaw tsim khoom tau lees paub. Cov ntaub ntawv no hu ua GERBER file. Cov ntaub ntawv Gerber yog cov ntaub ntawv tus qauv siv los ntawm cov tuam txhab PCB feem ntau los tso saib cov khoom ntawm PCB txheej txheem, xws li tooj liab taug qab cov txheej txheem thiab vuam qhov ncauj qhov ntswg. Gerber cov ntaub ntawv yog 2D duab duab cov duab. Kev ncua Gerber muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws.

Lub software muaj cov neeg siv/tsim qauv piav qhia cov txheej txheem nrog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb xws li taug qab dav, phaj ntug sib nrug, kab thiab qhov sib nrug, thiab qhov loj. Lub algorithm yog ua los ntawm tus tsim qauv los tshuaj xyuas ib qho uas tsis raug hauv qhov tsim. Tom qab tus qauv raug lees paub, nws raug xa mus rau PCB chaw tsim khoom uas nws tau tshuaj xyuas rau DFM. DFM (Kev Tsim Qauv Tsim) cov tshev raug siv los xyuas kom muaj qhov kam rau ua tsawg kawg rau PCB tsim.

< b&gt; Kauj ruam 2: GERBER rau duab

Lub tshuab luam ntawv tshwj xeeb uas siv los luam cov duab PCB yog hu ua tus npaj. Cov phiaj xwm no yuav luam tawm cov laug cam hauv zaj duab xis. Cov yeeb yaj kiab no tau siv los ua duab PCBS. Plotters yog qhov tseeb hauv cov txheej txheem luam ntawv thiab tuaj yeem muab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws PCB tsim.

Cov ntawv yas uas tshem tawm los ntawm lub phiaj xwm yog PCB luam tawm nrog tus lej dub. Hauv cov txheej txheej sab hauv, tus cwj mem dub sawv cev rau cov tooj liab coj mus, thaum qhov seem yog qhov tsis ua haujlwm. Ntawm qhov tod tes, rau txheej txheej sab nrauv, tus cwj mem dub yuav raug tshem tawm thiab qhov chaw seem yuav siv rau tooj liab. Cov yeeb yaj kiab no yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom zoo kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib cuag lossis cov ntiv tes.

Txhua txheej muaj nws tus kheej zaj duab xis. Lub npog ntsej muag vuam muaj cov yeeb yaj kiab cais. Tag nrho cov yeeb yaj kiab no yuav tsum tau ua ke ua ke txhawm rau kos PCB sib luag. Qhov kev sib dhos PCB no tau ua tiav los ntawm kev kho lub workbench uas cov yeeb yaj kiab haum, thiab kev ua kom pom tseeb tuaj yeem ua tiav tom qab kev ntsuas me me ntawm lub rooj ua haujlwm. Cov yeeb yaj kiab no yuav tsum muaj qhov sib dhos kom sib dhos kom raug. Tus pin nyob yuav haum rau qhov pom qhov.

Kauj Ruam 3: Sab hauv luam ntawv: photoresist thiab tooj liab

Cov yeeb yaj kiab yees duab no tau luam tawm ntawm cov ntawv tooj liab. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntawm PCB yog ua los ntawm laminate. Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb yog epoxy cob thiab iav fiber hu ua cov khoom siv hauv paus. Cov laminate tau txais tooj liab uas ua rau PCB. Lub hauv paus muab lub zog muaj zog rau PCBS. Ob sab yog npog nrog tooj liab. Cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam nrog tshem tooj liab los qhia qhov tsim ntawm zaj duab xis.

Kev ua kom tsis huv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntxuav PCBS los ntawm laminates tooj liab. Nco ntsoov tias tsis muaj hmoov av ntawm PCB. Txwv tsis pub, lub Circuit Court yuav luv lossis qhib

Zaj duab xis photoresist tam sim no siv. Photoresist yog ua los ntawm cov tshuaj siv tshuaj tua hluav taws uas tawv thaum siv hluav taws xob ultraviolet. Nws yuav tsum ua kom ntseeg tau tias zaj duab xis thaij duab thiab zaj duab xis photoresist phim raws nraim.

Cov duab thaij duab no thiab cov duab thaij duab tau muab tso rau ntawm lub laminate los ntawm kev kho tus pin. Tam sim no siv hluav taws xob ultraviolet. Tus cwj mem dub ntawm cov duab thaij duab yuav thaiv lub teeb ci ultraviolet, yog li tiv thaiv tooj liab hauv qab thiab tsis ua kom tawv tawv photoresist hauv qab cov xim dub. Qhov chaw pob tshab yuav raug rau lub teeb UV, yog li ua kom tawv dua cov photoresist uas yuav raug tshem tawm.

Cov phaj yog tom qab ntxuav nrog cov tshuaj alkaline kom tshem tawm cov photoresist ntau dua. Tam sim no lub rooj tsavxwm yuav qhuav.

Tam sim no PCBS tuaj yeem npog cov xov tooj tooj liab uas siv los ua cov kab hluav taws xob nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xeb. Yog hais tias lub rooj tsavxwm yog ob txheej, tom qab ntawd nws yuav raug siv rau kev khawb, txwv tsis pub yuav ua ntau ntxiv.

Kauj Ruam 4: Tshem cov tooj liab uas tsis xav tau

Siv cov tooj liab hnyav ua kom daws cov tooj liab ntau dhau, ib yam li cov tshuaj alkaline tshem tawm cov photoresist ntau dua. Cov tooj liab hauv qab cov tawv tawv photoresist yuav tsis raug tshem tawm.

Tam sim no tawv photoresist yuav raug tshem tawm los tiv thaiv tooj liab uas xav tau. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm kev ntxuav tawm PCB nrog lwm cov kuab tshuaj.

Kauj Ruam 5: Txheej tuab si lug thiab kuaj qhov muag

Tom qab txhua txheej tau npaj lawm, lawv sib koom ua ke. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev thim qhov chaw rau npe raws li tau piav qhia hauv cov kauj ruam dhau los. Cov kws tshaj lij tso txhua txheej hauv lub tshuab hu ua “punch nrig.” Lub tshuab no yuav ntaus qhov kom raug.

Tus nab npawb ntawm cov txheej txheem tso thiab yuam kev uas tshwm sim tsis tuaj yeem thim rov qab.

Lub tshuab ntsuas qhov muag tsis siv neeg yuav siv lub tshuab laser txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov tsis xws luag thiab piv cov duab digital rau hauv Gerber file.

Kauj Ruam 6: Ntxiv cov txheej thiab khi

Nyob rau theem no, txhua txheej, suav nrog txheej sab nrauv, tau ua ke ua ke. Txhua txheej yuav raug teeb tsa rau saum lub substrate.

Cov txheej sab nrauv yog ua los ntawm fiberglass “preimpregnated” nrog epoxy cob hu ua preimpregnated. Sab saum toj thiab hauv qab ntawm txheej txheej yuav tau npog nrog cov tooj liab txheej txheej nrog cov kab tooj liab kab.

Cov rooj hlau hnyav nrog hlau clamps rau tsevneeg/nias txheej. Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg no raug kaw nruj nreem rau ntawm lub rooj kom tsis txhob txav thaum lub sijhawm ntsuas.

Nruab ib txheej prepreg ntawm lub rooj ntsuas ntsuas, tom qab ntawd nruab txheej txheej txheej rau ntawm nws, thiab tom qab ntawd tso lub phaj tooj liab. Ntau daim phiaj npaj ua ntej tau muab tso rau hauv qhov zoo ib yam, thiab thaum kawg cov ntawv txhuas txhuas ua tiav pawg.

Lub khoos phis tawj yuav siv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev nias, ua kom sov pawg thiab ua kom txias ntawm qhov ntsuas.

Tam sim no cov kws tshaj lij yuav tshem tus pin thiab phaj siab kom qhib pob.

Kauj Ruam 7: Laum qhov

Tam sim no nws yog lub sijhawm los laum qhov hauv pawg PCBS. Cov khoom siv tho qhov tseeb tuaj yeem ua tiav 100 micron txoj kab uas hla qhov nrog qhov tseeb siab. Me ntsis yog pneumatic thiab muaj qhov ntxaiv nrawm txog 300K RPM. Tab sis txawm tias nrog qhov nrawm ntawd, cov txheej txheem drilling yuav siv sijhawm, vim tias txhua lub qhov yuav siv sijhawm los laum txig. Kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm txoj haujlwm me me nrog X-ray raws tus cim.

Drilling cov ntaub ntawv kuj tseem tsim los ntawm PCB tus tsim qauv thaum ntxov rau PCB cov chaw tsim khoom. Cov ntawv laum no txiav txim siab qhov txav ntawm qhov me ntsis thiab txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm qhov laum.Tam sim no cov qhov no yuav dhau los ua plated los ntawm qhov thiab qhov.

Kauj Ruam 8: Plating thiab tooj liab tso

Tom qab ua tib zoo tu, lub vaj huam sib luag PCB tam sim no tau tso tshuaj lom. Lub sijhawm no, cov txheej nyias nyias (1 micron tuab) ntawm tooj liab tau tso rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag. Tooj liab ntws mus rau hauv lub qhov dej. Cov phab ntsa ntawm lub qhov yog tooj liab-plated kiag li. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm dipping thiab tshem tawm yog tswj los ntawm lub khoos phis tawj

Kauj Ruam 9: Duab sab nrauv

Ib yam li txheej txheej sab hauv, tus kws kho qhov muag tau thov rau txheej txheej sab nrauv, lub vaj huam sib luag ua ntej thiab cov xim dub tau txuas nrog ua ke tam sim no tau tawg hauv chav daj nrog lub teeb ci ci. Photoresist tawv. Tam sim no lub vaj huam sib luag tau ntxuav los ntawm lub tshuab kom tshem tawm qhov tawv tawv tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov tsis pom kev ntawm tus cwj mem dub.

Kauj ruam 10: Plating txheej txheej:

Cov phaj electroplated nrog txheej tooj liab nyias. Tom qab pib tooj liab plating, lub vaj huam sib luag yog tinned kom tshem tawm cov tooj liab sab laug ntawm lub phaj. Tin thaum lub sijhawm tshem tawm tiv thaiv qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag los ntawm kev sib khi los ntawm tooj liab. Etching tshem tawm cov tooj liab uas tsis xav tau los ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag.

Kauj ruam 11: Etch

Cov tooj liab thiab tooj liab uas tsis xav tau yuav raug tshem tawm ntawm cov txheej tiv thaiv. Tshuaj lom neeg tau siv los ntxuav tooj liab ntau dhau. Tin, ntawm qhov tod tes, npog cov tooj liab uas xav tau. Nws tam sim no thaum kawg coj mus rau qhov raug txuas thiab taug qab

Kauj Ruam 12: Daim ntawv thov daim npog qhov ncauj

Ntxuav lub vaj huam sib luag thiab epoxy solder thaiv cov number case yuav npog lub vaj huam sib luag. UV hluav taws xob tau siv rau phaj los ntawm kev siv lub npog ntsej muag thaij duab zaj duab xis. Qhov kev sib tshooj tseem tsis tau khov thiab yuav raug tshem tawm. Tam sim no tso lub rooj tsav xwm hluav taws xob tso rau hauv qhov cub kom kho cov yeeb yaj kiab yaj.

Kauj Ruam 13: Kev kho qhov chaw

HASL (Cov Cua Kub Cua Kub Qib) muab cov peev txheej txuas ntxiv rau PCBS. RayPCB (https://raypcb.com/pcb-fabrication/) muaj kub kub thiab nyiaj immersion HASL. HASL muab cov ntaub qhwv txawm tias. Qhov no ua rau qhov ua tiav saum npoo.

Kauj Ruam 14: Kev tshuaj ntsuam luam ntawv

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PCBS tab tom nyob rau theem kawg thiab lees paub kev luam ntawv/sau ntawv rau ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov no yog siv los sawv cev cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb cuam tshuam nrog PCB.

Kauj Ruam 15: Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob

Theem kawg yog kev ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm PCB kawg. Cov txheej txheem tsis siv neeg txheeb xyuas PCB lub luag haujlwm kom haum rau qhov tsim qauv qub. Ntawm RayPCB, peb muab cov ntawv ya los kuaj lossis ntsia ntsia lub txaj.

Kauj Ruam 16: Txheeb Xyuas

Kauj ruam kawg yog txiav lub phaj los ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag qub. Lub router tau siv rau lub hom phiaj no los ntawm kev tsim cov ntawv me me nyob ntawm ntug ntawm pawg thawj coj saib kom lub rooj tsav khoom tuaj yeem tshem tawm tau yooj yim los ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag.