Ịhọrọ oke ọkpụrụkpụ PCB na -aghọ okwu mgbe a bọọdụ sekit biri ebi (PCB) onye na -emepụta ihe na -enweta ntinye akwụkwọ na -arịọ maka imebe ọtụtụ ihe yana ihe achọrọ ezughị ezu ma ọ bụ ekwughi ya ma ọlị. Mgbe ụfọdụ nke a na -eme n’ihi na nchikota isi ihe PCB ejiri mee ihe adịghị mkpa maka ịrụ ọrụ; If the overall thickness requirement is met, the end user may not care about the thickness or type of each layer.

Mana n’oge ndị ọzọ, arụmọrụ dị mkpa yana ekwesịrị ijikwa oke ya maka arụmọrụ kacha mma. If the PCB designer clearly communicates all requirements in the documentation, then the manufacturer will know what the requirements are and will set the materials accordingly.

Okwu ndị nrụpụta PCB kwesịrị ịtụle

Ọ na -enyere ndị nrụpụta aka ịghọta ihe ndị dị na nke a na -ejikarị, ya mere, ha nwere ike iji iwu nhazi dabara adaba iji wuo PCBS ngwa ngwa na n’ụzọ ziri ezi. Ihe na -esote bụ nkọwa dị nkenke nke ụdị ndị na -emepụta ihe na -ahọrọ iji, yana ihe ha nwere ike ịchọ ịtụgharị ọrụ ngwa ngwa n’egbughị oge n’ọrụ gị.

Ghọta PCB laminate ọnụ ahịa na ngwa ahịa

Ọ dị mkpa ịghọta na a na -ere ihe laminate PCB ma na -arụ ọrụ na “sistemụ” yana na isi ihe na prepreg nke onye nrụpụta jigidere maka ojiji ozugbo na -esite n’otu sistemụ ahụ. In other words, the constituent elements are all parts of a particular product, but with some variations, such as thickness, copper weight and prepreg style. Na mgbakwunye na ịmara na ikwughachi ya, enwere ihe ndị ọzọ iji chekwaa ụdị ụdị laminate ole na ole.

A haziri prepreg na sistemụ ime ime ka ha na -arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ, mana ọ nwere ike ọ gaghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma ma ejiri ya yana ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a gaghị eji isi ihe Isola 370HR n’otu nchịkọta dịka Nelco 4000-13 prepreg. It’s possible they’ll work together in some situations, but more likely they won’t. Sistemu ngwakọ na -akpọbata gị n’ókèala a na -amabeghị, ebe omume nke ihe (amara nke ọma mgbe ejiri ya dị ka sistemụ) agaghị enwe ike were ya dị ka ihe efu. Careless or unwitting mixing and matching of material types can lead to serious failures, so no manufacturer will mix and match unless the type is proven to be suitable for “mixed” stacking.

Ihe ọzọ mere ị ga -eji debe ngwongwo ihe dị warara bụ ọnụ ahịa dị elu nke asambodo UL, yabụ ọ bụ ihe a na -ahụkarị na ụlọ ọrụ PCB iji belata ọnụ ọgụgụ asambodo na obere nhọrọ nke ihe. Manufacturers will often agree to make products on laminate without standard stock, but be aware that they cannot provide UL certification through QC documentation. Nke a bụ ezigbo nhọrọ maka atụmatụ na-abụghị UL ma ọ bụrụ na ekpughere ya ma kwenye tupu oge eruo yana onye nrụpụta maara ihe nhazi nke sistemụ laminating a na-ekwu. For UL work, it is best to find out the manufacturer inventory of your choice and design boards to match it.

Ipc-4101d and foil construction

Ugbu a eziokwu ndị a apụtala, enwere ihe abụọ ọzọ ị ga -amata tupu ị wụba n’ime imewe. Nke mbu, ọ kacha mma ịkọwapụta laminates dị ka nkọwa ụlọ ọrụ si kwuo IPC-4101D na ịghara ịkpọ aha ngwaahịa akọwapụtara nke ọ bụghị onye ọ bụla nwere ike ịchekwa.

Secondly, it is easiest to construct multiple layers using the “foil” construction method. Nrụpụta foil pụtara na a na -eme elu na ala ala (mpụta) site na otu mpempe akwụkwọ ọla kọpa wee were prepreg kpuchie ya na ọkwa ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwere ike iyi ihe ezi uche dị na ya iji wuo PCB 8 nke nwere cores anọ nwere ihu abụọ, ọ ka mma iji foil na mpụga, wee mesịa cores atọ maka L2-L3, L4-L5, na L6-L7. N’ikwu ya n’ụzọ ọzọ, mee atụmatụ imepụta nchịkọta nke nwere ọtụtụ akwa ka ọnụ ọgụgụ cores dị ka ndị a: (ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ nke ewepụrụ 2) kewara abụọ. Na -esote, ọ bara uru ịmara ihe gbasara akụrụngwa. Onwe ha.

A na -enye isi ahụ na PIECE gwọrọ nke FR4 nke ejiri ọla kọpa kpuchie n’akụkụ ya abụọ. Okpokoro nwere oke ọkpụrụkpụ, na nha ndị a na -ejikarịkarị na -echekwa na ebuka buru ibu. Ndị a bụ oke ọkpụrụkpụ ị ga-eburu n’uche, ọkachasị mgbe ịchọrọ ịtụ ngwaahịa ntụgharị ọsọ ọsọ ka ị ghara imefusị oge ndu nke iwu na-eche ihe ndị na-abụghị ọkọlọtọ ga-esi n’aka onye nkesa.

Isi ígwè nkịtị na ọkpụrụkpụ ọla kọpa

Akara ndị a na -ejikarị ewu 0.062 “ọtụtụ ndị na -eme akwa bụ 0.005”, 0.008 “, 0.014”, 0.021, 0.028 “, na 0.039”. Ndepụta ngwaahịa nke 0.047 “bụkwa ihe a na-ahụkarị, ebe a na-ejikarị ya ewu mbadamba ụrọ abụọ. Isi nke ọzọ nke a ga-echekwa mgbe niile bụ 0.059 na., N’ihi na ejiri ya emepụta mbadamba ụrọ abụọ nke dị 2 n’ime. Ọbara, mana enwere ike iji ya rụọ naanị bọọdụ ịba ụba, dị ka 0.062 n’ime. Maka ọkwá a, anyị na -ejedebe oke ya na nhazi nke nwere ọkpụrụkpụ ikpeazụ nke 0.062 inch.

Ọkpụrụkpụ ọla kọpa sitere na ọkara ounce ruo ounce atọ ruo anọ, dabere na ngwakọta ngwaahịa nke onye nrụpụta, mana ọtụtụ ebuka nwere ike ịdị na ounce abụọ ma ọ bụ obere. Buru nke a n’uche ma cheta na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ebuka niile ga -eji otu ọla kọpa dị n’akụkụ abụọ nke isi. Gbalịa izere ihe nrụpụta PCB nke chọrọ ọla kọpa dị iche iche n’akụkụ ọ bụla, dịka nke a na -achọ ịzụrụ ihe pụrụ iche yana ọ nwere ike ịchọ ụgwọ ọsọ ọsọ (nnyefe ọsọ ọsọ), mgbe ụfọdụ ọbụnadị na -ezughị oke nkesa onye nkesa.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ iji 1oz ọla kọpa n’ụgbọ elu ma mee atụmatụ iji H oz nke mgbama, chee echiche ime ụgbọ elu na H oz ma ọ bụ ịbawanye akara ahụ na 1oz iji mee ka isi ya were akụkụ abụọ dị ka ọla kọpa nwere ibu. N’ezie, ị ga -eme nke a naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ị ka nwere ike mezuo ihe eletriki chọrọ nke imewe ahụ ma nwee mpaghara XY zuru ezu iji nabata iwu trace/oghere sara mbara iji zute opekata mpe 1oz na ọkwa mgbaama. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ike mezuo ọnọdụ ndị a, ọ kacha mma iji ya dịka ibu ọla kọpa. Ma ọ bụghị ya, ọ nwere ike ịdị mkpa ka ị tụlee ụbọchị ole na ole nke oge ndu.

Na -eche na ị họrọla ọkpụrụkpụ okpokoro kwesịrị ekwesị yana ịdị arọ ọla kọpa dị, a na -eji ngwakọta dị iche iche nke mpempe akwụkwọ prepreg iji guzobe ebe ọkụ eletrik fọdụrụnụ ruo mgbe a ga -emezu oke ọkpụrụkpụ achọrọ. Maka atụmatụ ndị anaghị achọ njikwa impedance, ị nwere ike ịhapụ onye nrụpụta nhọrọ prepreg. Ha ga -eji ụdị “ọkọlọtọ” masịrị ha. N’aka nke ọzọ, ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ihe ndị na -egbochi impedance, kwupụta ihe ndị a n’akwụkwọ ka onye nrụpụta wee nwee ike hazie ọnụọgụ prepreg n’etiti cores iji mezuo ụkpụrụ akọwapụtara.

Njikwa impedance

Ma achọrọ njikwa impedance ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị, akwadoghị ka ị nwaa ịdekọ ụdị na ọkpụrụkpụ prepreg maka ọnọdụ ọ bụla belụsọ na ị ma nke ọma na omume a.Ọtụtụ mgbe, a ga -edozigharị ụdị nchịkọta nkọwa ndị a nke ọma, ka ha nwee ike bute igbu oge. Kama nke ahụ, eserese stack gị nwere ike igosi oke ọkpụrụkpụ nke ụzọ ime ime wee gosi “ọnọdụ nkwalite chọrọ dabere na impedance na mkpokọta mkpokọta chọrọ”. This allows manufacturers to create ideal laminations to match your design.

Nkọwapụta

Ezigbo nchịkọta nke cores dabere na ngwaahịa dị ugbu a dị oke mkpa iji zere igbu oge na -enweghị isi mgbe ị na -enye iwu ntụgharị ọsọ ọsọ na usoro iheomume siri ike. Imirikiti ndị na -emepụta PCB na -eji ihe owuwu multilayer yiri nke dabere na otu kernel dị ka ndị asọmpi ha. Ọ gwụla ma PCB ahaziri nke ọma, enweghị anwansi ma ọ bụ iwu nzuzo. Yabụ, ọ bara uru ka ị mata onwe gị nke ọma maka ihe dị iche iche maka otu oyi akwa ma gbalịsie ike chepụta PCB ka ọ dabara. A ga -enwe ihe dị iche maka ihe achọrọ chọrọ, mana n’ozuzu, ihe ọkọlọtọ bụ nhọrọ kacha mma.