Ukukhetha ubukhulu be-PCB core kuba yinkinga lapho ifayela le- ibhodi yesifunda ephrintiwe (Umkhiqizi we-PCB) uthola isaphulelo esicela ukwakheka kwama-multilayer nezidingo zezinto ezingaphelele noma ezingashiwongo nhlobo. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kwenzeka ngoba ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezisemqoka ze-PCB ezisetshenzisiwe akubalulekile ekusebenzeni; If the overall thickness requirement is met, the end user may not care about the thickness or type of each layer.

Kepha kwezinye izikhathi, ukusebenza kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ubukhulu badinga ukulawulwa ngokuqinile ukuze kusebenze kahle. If the PCB designer clearly communicates all requirements in the documentation, then the manufacturer will know what the requirements are and will set the materials accordingly.

Izinkinga abaklami be-PCB kudingeka bazicabangele

Kuyasiza abaklami ukuqonda izinto ezitholakalayo nezisetshenziswa kakhulu, ngakho-ke bangasebenzisa imithetho efanelekile yokwakha ukwakha i-PCBS ngokushesha nangendlela efanele. Okulandelayo incazelo emfushane yokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezinto ezibonakalayo abakhiqizi abathanda ukuzisebenzisa, nokuthi yini abangayidinga ukushintshanisa umsebenzi ngokushesha ngaphandle kokubambezela iphrojekthi yakho.

Qonda PCB laminate izindleko kanye yokusungula

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi izinto ze-PCB laminate ziyathengiswa futhi zisebenza “ohlelweni” nokuthi izinto ezisemqoka kanye ne-prereg egcinwe ngumenzi ukuze isetshenziswe ngokushesha imvamisa isuka ohlelweni olufanayo. In other words, the constituent elements are all parts of a particular product, but with some variations, such as thickness, copper weight and prepreg style. Ngaphezu kokujwayela nokuphindeka, kunezinye izizathu zokufaka inani elilinganiselwe lezinhlobo ze-laminate.

Izinhlelo ze-Prepreg nezingaphakathi zangaphakathi zenzelwe ukusebenza ngokubambisana, kepha kungenzeka zingasebenzi kahle uma zisetshenziswa zihlangene neminye imikhiqizo. Isibonelo, impahla eyisisekelo ye-Isola 370HR ngeke isetshenziswe esitaki esifanayo ne-Nelco 4000-13 prereg. It’s possible they’ll work together in some situations, but more likely they won’t. Izinhlelo ze-Hybrid zikusa endaweni engafundisiwe, lapho ukusebenza kwezinto (okwaziwa kahle uma kusetshenziswa njengamasistimu afanayo) kungasenakuthathwa kalula. Careless or unwitting mixing and matching of material types can lead to serious failures, so no manufacturer will mix and match unless the type is proven to be suitable for “mixed” stacking.

Esinye isizathu sokugcina uhlu lwezinto ezibonakalayo oluncane izindleko eziphakeme zesitifiketi se-UL, ngakho-ke kuvamile embonini ye-PCB ukukhawulela inani lezitifiketi kukhetho oluncane lwezinto zokwakha. Manufacturers will often agree to make products on laminate without standard stock, but be aware that they cannot provide UL certification through QC documentation. Lokhu kungukukhetha okuhle kwemiklamo engeyona ye-UL uma kudalulwa futhi kuvunyelwana kusengaphambili futhi umenzi ujwayelene nezidingo zokucubungula kohlelo lokulaminetha okukhulunywa ngalo. For UL work, it is best to find out the manufacturer inventory of your choice and design boards to match it.

Ipc-4101d and foil construction

Manje njengoba la maqiniso esekuso obala, kunezinye izinto ezimbili okufanele wazi ngaphambi kokugxumela ekwakhiweni. Okokuqala, kungcono kakhulu ukucacisa ama-laminates ngokuya ngemininingwane yomkhakha i-IPC-4101D hhayi ukuqamba imikhiqizo ethize okungewona wonke umuntu ongayisebenzisa.

Secondly, it is easiest to construct multiple layers using the “foil” construction method. Ukwakhiwa kwe-foil kusho ukuthi izingqimba ezingaphezulu nezingezansi (zangaphandle) zenziwa ngocezu olulodwa lwe-foil yethusi futhi zihlanganiswe ngezingqimba ezisele nge-prepreg. Yize kungahle kubonakale kunembile ukwakha i-PCB engu-8 enezinsimbi ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-foil ngaphandle kuqala, bese kuba nama-cores amathathu we-L2-L3, L4-L5, ne-L6-L7. Ngamanye amagama, hlela ukuklama isitaki sezingqimba eziningi ukuze inani lama-cores limi ngokulandelayo: (inani eliphelele lezendlalelo kususwe u-2) lihlukaniswe ngo-2. Okulandelayo, kuyasiza ukwazi okuthile ngezindawo eziyinhloko. Ngokwabo.

Umnyombo uhlinzekwa nge-PIECE ephulukiswe ngokuphelele ye-FR4 ngethusi elifakwe kuzo zombili izinhlangothi. Ama-cores anezinhlobonhlobo zobukhulu, futhi osayizi abasetshenziswa kakhulu bavame ukugcinwa ezitokisini ezinkulu. Lawa ngubukhulu okufanele ubukhumbule, ikakhulukazi lapho udinga uku-oda imikhiqizo esheshayo yokuguqula izinto ukuze ungachithi isikhathi sokuhola se-oda ulinde izinto ezingekho emthethweni ukuthi zifike kumsabalalisi.

Umnyombo wensimbi ojwayelekile nobukhulu bethusi

Ama-cores asetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni u-0.062 “ama-multilayers awugqinsi angama-0.005”, 0.008 “, 0.014”, 0.021, 0.028 “, no-0.039”. Ukuqoqwa kwama-0.047 “nakho kuvamile, njengoba kwesinye isikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukwakha amabhodi anezingqimba ezimbili. Omunye umnyombo oyohlala ugcinwa yi-0.059 in., Ngoba usetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amabhodi ama-2-ply ayi-0.062 in. Ajiyile, kepha angasetshenziswa kuphela kumabhodi wokuphindaphinda akhudlwana, njenge-0.093 in. Kulesi sikhundla, sikhawulela umkhawulo kumklamo oyisisekelo ngobukhulu bokugcina obungu-intshi engu-0.062.

Ubukhulu bethusi buba phakathi kwesigamu se-ounce kuya kuma-ounces amathathu kuya kwamane, kuya ngomxube womkhiqizo othile, kepha amasheya amaningi angaba ngama-ounces amabili noma ngaphansi. Gcina lokhu engqondweni futhi ukhumbule ukuthi cishe wonke amasheya azosebenzisa isisindo sethusi esifanayo ezinhlangothini zombili zomongo. Zama ukugwema izidingo zokuklanywa kwe-PCB ezidinga ithusi elihlukile ohlangothini ngalunye, ngoba lokhu kuvame ukuthengwa okukhethekile futhi kungadinga imali ekhokhwayo yokuphuthuma (ukulethwa ngokujaha), kwesinye isikhathi kungahlangani ne-oda elincane lomthengisi.

Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukusebenzisa i-1oz yethusi endizeni futhi uhlela ukusebenzisa i-H oz yesiginali, cabanga ukwenza indiza ku-H oz noma ukwandise isignali iye ku-1oz ukwenza umongo usebenzise izinhlangothi zombili njengethusi elinesisindo. Vele, ungakwenza lokhu kuphela uma usengakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zikagesi zedizayini futhi ube nezindawo ezanele ze-XY zokwamukela imithetho enwetshiwe yokwakhiwa komkhondo / isikhala ukuhlangabezana nobuncane be-1oz kusendlalelo sesiginali. Uma ukwazi ukuhlangabezana nale mibandela, kungcono ukuyisebenzisa njengesisindo sethusi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungadingeka ukuthi ubheke izinsuku ezingeziwe ezimbalwa zesikhathi sokuhola.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ukhethe ubukhulu obufanele bomgogodla kanye nesisindo sethusi esitholakalayo, kusetshenziswa inhlanganisela ehlukahlukene yamaphepha e-prepreg ukusungula izindawo ezisele ze-dielectric kuze kuhlangatshezwane nobukhulu obudingekayo. Ngemiklamo engadingi ukulawulwa kwe-impedance, ungashiya inketho ye-prepreg kumenzi. Bazosebenzisa inguqulo yabo “ejwayelekile” abayithandayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma unezidingo ze-impedance, shono lezi zidingo kumadokhumenti ukuze umenzi akwazi ukulungisa inani le-prereg phakathi kwama-cores ukuhlangabezana namanani acacisiwe.

Ukulawulwa kwe-impedance

Noma ngabe ukulawulwa kwe-impedance kuyadingeka noma cha, akunconywa ukuthi uzame ukubhala uhlobo nobukhulu be-prepreg yendawo ngayinye ngaphandle kokuthi unekhono kulo mkhuba.Imvamisa, izitaki ezinemininingwane enjalo ekugcineni zidinga ukulungiswa, ngakho-ke zingadala ukubambezeleka. Esikhundleni salokho, isitaki sakho somdwebo singabonisa ubukhulu bomsuka wombhangqwana wangaphakathi futhi sikhombise “isikhundla se-prepreg esidingekayo ngokuya ngemishini ye-impedance kanye nobukhulu obukhulu”. This allows manufacturers to create ideal laminations to match your design.

Iphrofayili

Isitaki esikahle sama-cores asekelwe kusitoko esivele sikhona kubalulekile ekugwemeni ukubambezeleka okungadingekile lapho u-oda ukujika okusheshayo ngezikhathi eziqinile. Iningi labakhiqizi be-PCB basebenzisa izakhiwo ezifanayo ezi-multilayer ezisuselwa kunhlamvu efanayo nezimbangi zabo. Ngaphandle kokuthi i-PCB yenziwe ngezifiso kakhulu, akukho ukwakhiwa komlingo noma okuyimfihlo. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukuzijwayeza ngezinto ezikhethwayo zesendlalelo esithile futhi wenze yonke imizamo yokuklama i-PCB ukuyifanisa. Kuzohlala kunokuhluka kwezidingo ezithile zedizayini, kepha ngokujwayelekile, izinto ezijwayelekile yizona ezingcono kakhulu.