Kulumikizana ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la PCB mamangidwe, omwe angakhudze momwe magwiridwe antchito a PCB. Pakapangidwe ka PCB, mainjiniya osiyanasiyana amvetsetsa za kapangidwe ka PCB, koma mainjiniya onse amagwirizana momwe angapangire kulumikizana bwino, komwe sikungopulumutsa chitukuko cha kasitomala, komanso kumakulitsa mtengo ndi mtengo. Otsatirawa akufotokoza njira yopangira ma PCB ndi njira zowongolera kukonza kwa waya.

1, kudziwa chiwerengero cha zigawo PCB

Makulidwe a board ndi zingwe zama waya ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa koyambirira kwa kapangidwe kake. Ngati mapangidwe ake amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagulu (BGA), kuchuluka kwa zingwe zoyendetsera zigawozi kuyenera kuganiziridwa. Chiwerengero cha zingwe zama waya ndi njira yokhazikitsira zimakhudza mwachindunji kulumikizana ndi kusokonekera kwa zingwe zosindikizidwa. Kukula kwa bolodi kumathandizira kudziwa okwanira ndi mzere m’lifupi kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna.

2. Kupanga malamulo ndi zoperewera

Chida chokhacho chodziyimira pawokha sichidziwa choti achite. Kuti mukwaniritse ntchito zowongolera, zida zoyendetsera ntchito ziyenera kugwira ntchito motsatira malamulo ndi zopinga zoyenera. Mizere yosiyana ya ma siginolo imakhala ndi zingwe zolumikizira zosiyanasiyana, ndipo zofunikira zonse za mizere yamagetsi zimagawidwa, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamapangidwe ndiyosiyana. Gulu lililonse lazizindikiro liyenera kukhala patsogolo. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuti, malamulo ndi okhwima. Malamulo okhudzana ndi kutalika kwake, kuchuluka kwa mabowo, kufanana, kulumikizana pakati pa mizere yazizindikiro, ndi malire osanjikiza zimakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito azida. Kulingalira mosamalitsa zofunikira pamapangidwe ndi gawo lofunikira pakulumikizana bwino.

3. Chigawo chachigawo

Konzani njira zoyendetsera msonkhano ndikupanga malamulo opanga (DFM) kuti akhazikitse zovuta pakapangidwe kazinthu. If the assembly department allows components to move, the circuit can be optimized to automate wiring more easily. Malamulo ndi zopinga zomwe zimafotokozedwa zimakhudza kapangidwe kake.

4. Fani kunja kapangidwe

Pakati pazomwe zimapangidwira, pazida zodziwikiratu zomwe zimalumikiza zikhomo zamagulu, pini iliyonse yazida zakumtunda iyenera kukhala ndi bowo limodzi kuti bolodi likwaniritse zosanjikiza zamkati pakufunika kulumikizana kwina. Kulumikizana, kuyesa pamzere (ICT) ndikusinthanso kwa dera.

Kuti chida chothandizira kuti chikhale chothandiza kwambiri, ntchito yayikulu kwambiri yolowera mu dzenje ndi mzere wosindikizidwa uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikutalikirana kwa ma 50 mils. Gwiritsani ntchito mtundu wa VIA womwe umakulitsa kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe. Mukamapanga zojambula zowoneka bwino, lingalirani kuyesa kwa intaneti pa dera. Zoyeserera zitha kukhala zodula ndipo nthawi zambiri zimalamulidwa akakhala okonzeka kupanga zonse. Kuchedwa kwambiri kuti muganizire zowonjezera ma node kuti mukwaniritse kuyesedwa kwa 100%.

5, wiring wothandizira komanso kukonza ma siginolo

Ngakhale nkhaniyi ikungoyang’ana pa njira zodziwikira zokha, kuwongolera pamanja ndichinthu chofunikira pakapangidwe ka PCB pakadali pano komanso mtsogolo. Kuyendetsa pamanja kumathandizira zida zokhazokha zokhazokha zokhazokha. Mosasamala kuchuluka kwa ma siginolo ovuta, ma siginolo amatha kuyendetsedwa poyamba, pamanja, kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zida zodziwikira zokha. Zizindikiro zofunikira nthawi zambiri zimayenera kupangidwa mosamala kuti zikwaniritse zomwe mukufuna. Ndizosavuta kwa ogwira ntchito za uinjiniya kuti ayang’ane kulumikizana kwa ma siginolo akamaliza kulumikiza. Izi ndizosavuta. Pambuyo poyendera, waya wakhazikika, ndipo zizindikilo zina zimangoyendetsedwa.

6, basi wiring

Kulumikizana kwa ma sign ovuta kumafuna kulingalira za kuwongolera magawo amagetsi pama waya, monga kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa ma inductance ndi EMC, ndipo kulumikizana kwa ma siginecha ena ndikofanana. Ogulitsa onse a EDA amapereka njira zowongolera izi. Ubwino wa zingwe zamagetsi zitha kutsimikizika pamlingo wina mutadziwa magawo azida zamagetsi zokhazokha ndi mphamvu yawo pakulumikiza.

7, mawonekedwe a bolodi

Zojambula zam’mbuyomu nthawi zambiri zimayang’ana pakuwona kwa bolodi, koma tsopano ndizosiyana. Bungwe loyendetsa lokhazikitsidwa lokha silokongola kuposa kapangidwe kake, koma limakwaniritsa zofunikira zamagetsi ndikuwonetsetsa kukhulupirika kwa kapangidwe kake.

Kwa akatswiri opanga masanjidwe, maluso osauka sayenera kuweruzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zigawo ndi liwiro lokha. Pokhapokha kuchuluka kwa zinthuzo ndikofanana ndi liwiro la chizindikirocho ndi zina, malo ang’onoang’ono, zigawo zochepa, ndizotsika mtengo. PCB board yapangidwa bwino kuti iwonetsetse magwiridwe antchito ndi kukongola. Uyu ndiye mbuye.