Izintambo ziyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ye- PCB design, okuzothinta ngqo ukusebenza kwe-PCB. Ngesikhathi sokuklanywa kwe-PCB, onjiniyela abahlukile besakhiwo banokuqonda kwabo ukwakheka kwe-PCB, kepha bonke onjiniyela besakhiwo bayavumelana ukuthi ungathuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kahle kwezintambo, okungagcini ngokugcina umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi yamakhasimende, kodwa futhi kukhulisa ikhwalithi eqinisekisiwe nezindleko. Okulandelayo kuchaza inqubo yokwakhiwa kwe-PCB nezinyathelo zokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kwezintambo.

1, ukunquma inani izingqimba PCB

Ubukhulu bebhodi nezendlalelo zewiring zidinga ukunqunywa kusenesikhathi senqubo yokuklama. Uma ukwakheka kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwamalungu we-high-density ball grid array (BGA), inani eliphansi lezendlalelo zentambo ezidingekayo ukuhambisa lezi zinto kufanele licatshangwe. Inani lezendlalelo zezintambo nendlela yokubeka ngqo ithinta ngqo i-wiring ne-impedance yezintambo eziphrintiwe. Usayizi webhodi usiza ukunquma isitaki nobubanzi bomugqa ukufeza ukwakheka okufiswayo.

2. Design imithetho kanye nemikhawulo

Ithuluzi lokuzenzakalela ngokwalo alazi ukuthi lenzeni. Ukufeza imisebenzi yokuhambisa umzila, amathuluzi wokuhambisa kudingeka asebenze ngaphakathi kwemithetho efanele nezingqinamba. Olayini besiginali abahlukene banezidingo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlanganisa izintambo, futhi zonke izidingo ezikhethekile zemigqa yesiginali zihlukaniswa, futhi ukwahlukaniswa okuhlukile kokuklanywa kwehlukile. Isigaba sesiginali ngasinye kufanele sibe kuqala. Ukuphakama okubaluleke kakhulu, umthetho uqinile. Imithetho ephathelene nobubanzi bokulandela umkhondo, inani eliphakeme lezimbobo ezinqamula, ukufana, ukuxhumana phakathi kolayini besiginali, nemikhawulo yongqimba inomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwamathuluzi okuhambisa umzila. Ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwezidingo zomklamo kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuxhumaneni ngempumelelo.

3. Isakhiwo sesakhi

Lungiselela izinqubo zomhlangano kanye nemithetho yokwenziwa kwemiklamo (DFM) yokubeka izingqinamba kuzakhiwo zezinto. Uma umnyango womhlangano uvumela izingxenye ukuthi zihambe, isifunda singalungiswa ukuze kusetshenziswe izintambo kalula. Imithetho nezingqinamba ezichaziwe zithinta ukwakheka kwesakhiwo.

4. Fan design

Ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuklanywa kwabalandeli, samathuluzi wokuhambisa okuzenzakalelayo ahlanganisa izikhonkwane zezinto, iphini ngayinye yedivayisi yokukhweza kufanele okungenani ibe nomgodi owodwa ukuze ibhodi likwazi ukwenza ungqimba lwangaphakathi lapho kudingeka ukuxhumana okwengeziwe. Ukuxhumana, ukuhlolwa okusemgqeni (ICT) nokuphinda kwenziwe kabusha kwesifunda.

Ukuze ithuluzi lokuhambisa okuzenzakalelayo lisebenze kakhulu, usayizi omkhulu ongangena emgodini nomugqa oprintiwe kufanele usetshenziswe, ngesikhawu sama-50 mils akhethwayo. Sebenzisa uhlobo lwe-VIA olwandisa inani lezindlela zomzila. Lapho wenza ama-fan out design, cabanga ukuhlolwa kwe-inthanethi kwesekethe. Izinto zokuhlola zingabiza futhi zivame uku-odwa lapho sezikulungele ukukhiqizwa okuphelele. Isikhathi sesihambile ukucabanga ukungeza ama-node ukufeza ukuhlolwa okungu-100%.

5, wiring manual kanye key key processing

Yize le ndatshana igxile ekuzenzeleni ngokwakho, ukuhambisa ngesandla kuyindlela ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB yamanje neyesikhathi esizayo. Ukuhamba ngesandla kusiza amathuluzi wokuhambisa okuzenzakalelayo aqedele umsebenzi wokuhambisa. Akunandaba nenani lamasignali abucayi, lawa masinali angahanjiswa kuqala, ngesandla, noma asetshenziswe ngokuhlanganiswa namathuluzi wokuhambisa othomathikhi. Izimpawu ezibucayi kufanele zivame ukuklanywa ngokucophelela ukufeza ukusebenza okufunwayo. Kulula kakhulu kubasebenzi bonjiniyela ukuhlola izintambo zesiginali ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwentambo. Le nqubo ilula. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, ucingo luyalungiswa, futhi amanye amasiginali ahanjiswa ngokuzenzekelayo.

6, izintambo ezizenzakalelayo

Ukuxhunywa kwamasiginali abucayi kudinga ukucatshangelwa kokulawulwa kwemingcele ethile kagesi ngesikhathi sokuxhunywa kwezintambo, njengokunciphisa ukungahanjiswa okusatshalalisiwe kanye ne-EMC, futhi ukuxhunywa kwamanye amasiginali kuyafana. Bonke abathengisi be-EDA banikela ngezindlela zokulawula lezi zinhlaka. Ikhwalithi ye-wiring ezenzakalelayo ingaqinisekiswa ngezinga elithile ngemuva kokwazi imingcele yokufaka yethuluzi lokuzenzakalela le-wiring kanye nomthelela wabo ekuxhumaneni.

7, ukuvela kwebhodi

Imiklamo yangaphambilini ivame ukugxila kwimiphumela ebonakalayo yebhodi, kepha manje yehlukile. Ibhodi lesifunda elenzelwe ngokuzenzekelayo alilihle ukwedlula ukwakheka okwenziwe ngesandla, kepha liyahlangabezana nezidingo zezimpawu zobuchwepheshe futhi liqinisekisa ubuqotho bomklamo.

Onjiniyela bezakhiwo, amasu amabi akufanele ahlulelwe ngenani lezendlalelo nejubane lodwa. Kuphela lapho inani lezinto lilingana nejubane lesiginali nezinye izimo, lapho indawo incane, izingqimba ezimbalwa, kwehlisa izindleko. PCB ibhodi yakhelwe kahle ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhle nobuhle. Le yinkosi.