Leli phepha lichaza kafushane indlela yohlelo PCB design rule checker (DRC) uhlelo. Lapho ukwakheka kwe-PCB sekutholakele kusetshenziswa ithuluzi lesizukulwane somdwebo wesekethe, i-DRC ingaqhutshwa ukuthola noma ikuphi ukwehluleka okwephula imithetho ye-PCB design. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuqala ukucubungula okulandelayo, futhi umakhi we-generator wesifunda kufanele ahlinzeke ngamathuluzi e-DRC iningi labakhi be-PCB abangawazi kalula.

Kunezinzuzo eziningi zokubhala isihloli sakho se-PCB design rule. Ngenkathi isihloli sedizayini ye-PCB singelula kangako, asinakuphathwa, ngoba noma yimuphi umklami we-PCB ojwayele izilimi ezikhona zokuhlela noma zokubhala angazenza, futhi izinzuzo azinakulinganiswa.

Kodwa-ke, amathuluzi wenhloso ejwayelekile athengiswa kaningi awaguquki ngokwanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile ze-PCB design. Ngenxa yalokhu, izidingo ezintsha zesici kumele zibikwe ngamakhasimende konjiniyela bamathuluzi e-DRC, okuvame ukuthatha imali nesikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma izidingo zivuselelwa njalo. Ngenhlanhla, onjiniyela abaningi bamathuluzi banganikeza amakhasimende abo indlela elula yokubhala i-DRC yabo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabo ezithile. Noma kunjalo, leli thuluzi elinamandla alaziwa noma lisetshenziswe kabanzi. Lo mbhalo unikeza umhlahlandlela osebenzayo wokuzuza kakhulu kumathuluzi e-DRC.

Njengoba i-DRC kufanele inqamule i-PCB ukuklama wonke umdwebo wesekethe, kufaka phakathi zonke izimpawu, zonke izikhonkwane, yonke inethiwekhi, yonke imfanelo, futhi idale inani elingenamkhawulo lamafayela “wesesekeli” uma kunesidingo. Njengoba kuchaziwe eSigabeni 4.0, i-DRC ingamaka noma yikuphi ukuphambuka okuncane emithethweni yokuklama ye-PCB. Isibonelo, elinye lamafayela anamathiselwe lingaqukatha wonke ama-capacitor wokuqeda amandla asetshenziswe ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB. Uma inombolo ye-capacitance iphansi noma iphakeme kunokulindelekile, kuzobekwa amamaki abomvu lapho kungenzeka khona izinkinga zolayini wamandla we-DV / DT. Lawa mafayili ahambisanayo angadingeka, kepha awadalwa yiliphi ithuluzi le-DRC lokuhweba.

Ungayakha kanjani i-PCB rule checker DRC

Enye inzuzo ye-DRC ukuthi ingabuyekezwa kalula ukuze ifake izici ezintsha zokwakhiwa kwe-PCB, njengalezo ezingathinta imithetho yokuklama ye-PCB. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma usuthole ulwazi olwanele endaweni, kunezinye izinto eziningi ongazisebenzisa.

Isibonelo, uma ungabhala i-DRC yakho, ungabhala ithuluzi lakho lokwakha i-BOM ukuze ubhekane kangcono nezidingo zomsebenzisi ezithile, njengokuthi ungayithola kanjani i- “hardware eyengeziwe” (njengamasokhethi, ama-radiator, noma ama-screwdriver) kumadivayisi angewona ngokwabo ingxenye yedatha yedayagramu yesifunda. Noma umklami we-PCB angazibhalela i-Verilog netlist analyzer yakhe ngokuguquguquka okwanele kwimvelo yokwakhiwa kwe-PCB, njengokuthi ungawathola kanjani amamodeli we-Verilog noma amafayili esikhathi alungele idivayisi ethile. Eqinisweni, ngoba iDRC inqamula wonke umdwebo wesekethe yedizayini ye-PCB, kungenzeka ukuqoqa yonke imininingwane evumelekile ukukhipha ukulingisa kanye / noma i-BOM edingekayo ku-PCB design Verilog netlist analysis.

Kungaba lula ukuxoxa ngalezi zihloko ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka nganoma iyiphi ikhodi yohlelo, ngakho-ke sizosebenzisa ithuluzi lokubuyisa umdwebo wesifunda njengesibonelo. Lo mbhalo usebenzisa inkampani yeMentor Graphics ukuthuthukisa ithuluzi le-ViewDraw elinamathiselwe kulayini womkhiqizo wePADS-Designer. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sisebenzise ithuluzi le-ViewBase, eliwumtapo wolwazi owenziwe lula we-C ongabizwa ukufinyelela ku-database ye-ViewDraw. Ngethuluzi le-ViewBase, abaklami be-PCB bangabhala kalula amathuluzi we-DRC aphelele futhi asebenzayo we-ViewDraw ku-C / C. Kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi izimiso eziyisisekelo okuxoxwe ngazo lapha zisebenza kunoma yiliphi elinye ithuluzi lokuhlela le-PCB.

Ifayela lokufaka

Ngaphezu kwedatha yedayagramu yesekethe, i-DRC nayo idinga amafayela wokufaka angachaza izimo ezithile, njengegama lenethiwekhi yamandla esemthethweni exhunywe ngokuzenzakalela kundiza yamandla. Isibonelo, uma inethiwekhi ye-POWER ibizwa NGAMANDLA, ibhanoyi le-POWER lixhunywa ngokuzenzakalela endizeni ye-POWER kusetshenziswa iphakethe le-back-end device (njengoba kusebenza ku-ViewDrawpcbfwd). Okulandelayo uhlu lwamafayela wokufaka okumele abekwe endaweni ehleliwe yomhlaba wonke ukuze i-DRC ikwazi ukuthola nokufunda ngokuzenzakalelayo, bese igcina lolu lwazi ngaphakathi e-DRC ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Ezinye izimpawu kumele zibe nezikhonkwane zangaphandle zentambo yamandla ngoba azixhunywanga kusendlalelo sentambo ejwayelekile yamandla. Isibonelo, izikhonkwane zedivayisi ye-ECL i-VCC zixhunywe ku-VCC noma GROUND; Iphini layo le-VEE lingaxhunywa ku-GROUND noma endizeni -5.0V. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphini lentambo yamandla nayo ingaxhunywa kusihlungi ngaphambi kokufinyelela ungqimba lwentambo yamandla.

Iphini yekhebula lamandla ayijwayelekile ukufakwa kuphawu lwedivayisi. Esikhundleni salokho, impahla yophawu (ebizwa nge-SIGNAL lapha) ichaza ukuthi iyiphi iphini eyiphini yamandla noma yomhlabathi futhi ichaza igama lenethiwekhi iphini okufanele lixhumeke kuyo.

ISIGINESHA = VCC: 10

ISIGINESHA = UMHLABA: 20

I-DRC ingafunda le ndawo futhi iqinisekise ukuthi igama lenethiwekhi ligcinwa kufayela elisemthethweni_pwr_net_name. Uma igama lenethiwekhi lingafakwanga kusemthethweni_pwr_net_name, iphini yamandla ngeke ixhunywe kundiza yamandla, okuyinkinga enkulu.

Ifayela elisemthethweni_pwr_net_name Ongakukhetha. Leli fayela liqukethe wonke amagama wenethiwekhi asemthethweni wezimpawu ze-POWER, njenge-VCC, V3_3P, ne-VDD. Kumathuluzi wokuhlela / wokuhambisa we-PCB, amagama adinga ukuzwela. Ngokuvamile, i-VCC ayifani ne-VCC noma i-VCC. I-VCC ingaba ugesi ongu-5.0V bese kuthi i-V3_3P ibe amandla ka-3.3V.

Ifayela elisemthethweni_pwr_net_name liyakhethwa, ngoba ifayili lokumiswa kwensimbi ye-backend encapsulation kumele liqukathe isethi yamagama wenethiwekhi yekhebula lamandla avumelekile. Uma iCadencePCB isetshenziselwa ukuklama ithuluzi le-Systems ‘Allegro wiring, igama lefayela le-PCBFWD ngu-Allegro.cfg futhi linamapharamitha wokungena alandelayo:

UMHLABA: VSS CGND GND GROUND

Ukunikezwa kwamandla: VCC VDD VEE V3_3P V2_5P 5V 12V

Uma i-DRC ingafunda ifayili le-allegro.cfg ngqo esikhundleni se-legal_pwr_net_name, ibingathola imiphumela engcono (isb.amathuba amancane okuletha amaphutha).