Tun daga farkon 1950s, da buga kewaye hukumar (PCB) ya kasance koyaushe shine ainihin tsarin tsarin marufi na lantarki. A matsayinsa na mai ɗaukar kayan lantarki daban-daban da kuma cibiyar watsa siginar kewayawa, ingancinsa da amincinsa sun ƙayyade ingancin marufi na lantarki duka. Kuma amintacce. Tare da miniaturization, haske nauyi da Multi-aiki bukatun na lantarki kayayyakin, da kuma inganta da gubar-free da halogen-free matakai, da bukatun ga PCB AMINCI za su zama mafi girma da kuma mafi girma, don haka yadda za a sauri gano PCB AMINCI matsaloli da kuma yin m. matakan Inganta amincin ya zama ɗaya daga cikin batutuwa masu mahimmanci ga kamfanonin PCB.

Common PCB AMINCI matsaloli da hankula Legends

Rashin solderability mara kyau

(Ba jika)

Rashin solderability mara kyau (rashin jika)

Welding

(Tasirin matashin kai)

Mummunan Haɗin kai

Jirgin Fashe Mai Layi

Buɗe kewayawa (ta rami)

bude kewaye

(Laser blind rami)

Bude kewayawa (layi)

Bude kewaye (ICD)

Short circuit (CAF)

Short circuit (ECM)

Jirgin da aka ƙone

A cikin ainihin gazawar bincike na matsalolin dogara, tsarin gazawar yanayin gazawar ɗaya na iya zama mai rikitarwa da bambanta. Don haka, kamar binciken shari’a, yana buƙatar daidaitaccen tunani na bincike, tunani mai ma’ana da hanyoyin bincike iri-iri. Nemo ainihin dalilin rashin nasara. A cikin wannan tsari, duk wani sakaci a cikin kowace hanyar haɗi na iya haifar da “zalunci, ƙarya, da kuma yanke hukunci ba daidai ba”.

Gabaɗaya nazarin matsalolin dogaro da tarin bayanan baya

Bayanan bayan fage shine tushen binciken gazawar don matsalolin dogaro, wanda kai tsaye yana shafar yanayin duk binciken gazawar da ke biyo baya, kuma yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan ƙudurin tsarin ƙarshe. Don haka, kafin nazarin gazawar, ya kamata a tattara bayanan da ke bayan gazawar gwargwadon yiwuwa, yawanci gami da amma ba’a iyakance ga:

(1) Ƙimar gazawa: bayanan rashin gazawa da ƙimar gazawar daidai

① Idan akwai matsala a cikin nau’i ɗaya a cikin samar da taro, ko kuma rashin nasara ya ragu, yiwuwar sarrafa tsari mara kyau ya fi girma;

② Idan rukuni na farko / nau’i-nau’i masu yawa suna da matsala, ko rashin nasara ya yi yawa, tasirin kayan aiki da abubuwan ƙira ba za a iya kawar da su ba;

⑵Pre-jiyya don gazawa: Ko PCB ko PCBA sun wuce ta jerin hanyoyin da za a bi kafin gazawar ta faru. Magani na gama-gari sun haɗa da yin burodin da ba a sake fitowa ba, da ba tare da gubar ba, da sayar da igiyar gubar da ba ta da gubar da kuma sayar da hannun jari, da dai sauransu. -magani tsari (solder manna, karfe raga, solder waya, da dai sauransu)), kayan aiki (soldering ƙarfe ikon, da dai sauransu) da kuma sigogi (reflow kwana, kalaman soldering sigogi, hannun soldering zafin jiki, da dai sauransu) bayanai;

(3) Yanayin gazawa: Takamaiman bayanin lokacin da PCB ko PCBA suka kasa, wasu suna cikin aiwatarwa kamar siyar da tsarin taro, irin su rashin iya siyarwa, delamination, da sauransu; wasu suna cikin tsufa na gaba, gwaji ko ma kasawa yayin amfani, kamar CAF, ECM, ƙonewa, da sauransu; buƙatar fahimtar tsarin gazawar da sigogi masu alaƙa daki-daki;

Rashin nasarar nazarin PCB/PCBA

Gabaɗaya magana, adadin samfuran da suka gaza yana iyakance, ko ma ɗaya kawai. Don haka, nazarin samfuran da suka gaza dole ne su bi ka’idar nazarin Layer-by-Layer daga waje zuwa ciki, daga mara lalacewa zuwa lalata, kuma a guji lalata wurin gazawar da wuri:

(1) Duban bayyanar

Duban bayyanar shine mataki na farko a cikin nazarin samfuran da suka gaza. Ta hanyar bayyanar wurin gazawar da haɗe tare da bayanan baya, ƙwararrun injiniyoyin bincike na gazawar za su iya tantance dalilai da yawa masu yuwuwar gazawa da gudanar da bincike na bin diddigi. Amma ya kamata a lura da cewa akwai hanyoyi da yawa don lura da bayyanar, ciki har da dubawa na gani, gilashin ƙara girman hannu, gilashin ƙara girman tebur, sitiriyo microscope da microscope na ƙarfe. Koyaya, saboda bambance-bambancen tushen haske, ka’idar hoto, da zurfin kallo, bayyanar kayan aikin da ya dace yana buƙatar cikakken nazari tare da abubuwan kayan aiki. A guji yin gaggawar yanke hukunci don samar da hasashe na ainihi, yin nazarin gazawar zuwa hanyar da ba ta dace ba da ɓatar da samfura da bincike marasa inganci. lokaci.

(2) Bincike mai zurfi mara lalacewa

Ga wasu gazawar, abubuwan gani kawai ana amfani da su, kuma ba za a iya tattara isassun bayanan gazawa ba, ko ma ba za a iya samun maƙasudin gazawa ba, kamar lalata, walda na ƙarya, da buɗewar ciki. A wannan lokacin, ana buƙatar wasu hanyoyin bincike marasa lalacewa don ƙarin tattara bayanai, gami da gano aibi na Ultrasonic, 3D X-RAY, hoton thermal infrared, gano wurin gajeriyar kewayawa, da sauransu.

A cikin matakin bayyanar bayyanar da bincike mara lalacewa, wajibi ne a kula da halaye na yau da kullun ko akasin haka tsakanin samfuran da suka gaza daban-daban, waɗanda za a iya amfani da su azaman ma’ana ga hukunce-hukuncen gazawar na gaba. Bayan tattara isassun bayanai a cikin matakin bincike mara lalacewa, zaku iya fara nazarin lalata da aka yi niyya.

(3) Binciken lalacewa

Binciken lalata na samfuran da ba su da tushe ba makawa ne kuma mafi mahimmancin mataki, wanda galibi ke ƙayyade nasara ko gazawar binciken gazawar. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa na binciken lalata, kamar duban microscope na lantarki da bincike na farko, sassan kwance / tsaye, FTIR, da sauransu, waɗanda ba a bayyana su a wannan sashe ba. A wannan mataki, hanyar binciken gazawar tabbas yana da mahimmanci, amma mafi mahimmanci shine fahimta da yanke hukunci kan matsalar tabarbarewar, da kuma fahimtar madaidaicin madaidaicin yanayin gazawa da tsarin gazawa, don gano ainihin dalilin gazawar.

Bare kwamitin PCB bincike

Lokacin da gazawar kudi ne high, shi wajibi ne don nazarin danda jirgin PCB, wanda za a iya amfani da a matsayin kari ga gazawar sa bincike. Lokacin da gazawar dalilin samu a cikin gazawar samfurin bincike mataki ne cewa wani lahani na danda jirgin PCB haifar da ƙarin AMINCI gazawar, to, idan danda jirgin PCB yana da guda lahani, bayan guda aiki tsari a matsayin kasa samfurin, shi ya kamata ya nuna Yanayin gazawar iri ɗaya da samfurin da ya gaza. Idan ba a sake haifar da yanayin gazawar iri ɗaya ba, yana iya nufin kawai binciken dalilin rashin nasarar samfurin ba daidai ba ne, ko aƙalla bai cika ba.

Gwajin maimaituwa

Lokacin da gazawar kudi ne sosai low kuma ba za a iya samun taimako daga danda jirgin PCB bincike, shi wajibi ne don sake haifar da PCB lahani da kuma kara haifar da gazawar yanayin da kasa samfurin, sabõda haka, gazawar bincike Forms a rufaffiyar madauki.

Fuskantar da ƙara yawan PCB AMINCI kasawa a yau, gazawar bincike samar da muhimmanci farko-hannu bayanai ga zane ingantawa, tsari kyautata, da kuma abu selection, kuma shi ne farkon batu ga AMINCI girma. Tun lokacin da aka kafa shi, Xingsen Technology Central Laboratory ya himmantu ga bincike a fagen tantance gazawar dogaro. Farawa daga wannan batu, sannu a hankali za mu gabatar da gogewarmu da al’amuran yau da kullun a cikin ingantaccen bincike na gazawar.