Kubvira pakutanga kwe1950s, the yakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi (PCB) yagara iri iyo yekutanga dhizaini module yemagetsi kurongedza. Semutakuri weakasiyana emagetsi zvikamu uye hubhu yekutenderera chiratidzo chekufambisa, kunaka kwayo uye kuvimbika kunoona kunaka kweiyo yese yemagetsi kurongedza. Uye kuvimbika. Iine miniaturization, huremu huremu uye akawanda-kushanda zvinodiwa zvezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, uye kusimudzirwa kweasina lead-yemahara uye halogen-isina maitiro, izvo zvinodikanwa zvePCB kuvimbika zvichave zvakakwirira nepamusoro, saka nzira yekukurumidza kutsvaga PCB matambudziko ekuvimbika uye kuita zvinoenderana. zviyero Kuvandudzwa kwekuvimbika kwave imwe yenyaya dzakakosha kumakambani ePCB.

Zvakajairwa PCB kuvimbika matambudziko uye akajairwa ngano

Murombo solderability

(Haisi kunyorova)

Kusaita solderability (kwete-wetting)

Welding

(Pillow effect)

Bad Bonding

Layered Explosion Board

Vhura dunhu (kuburikidza neburi)

kuvhura dunhu

(Laser bofu gomba)

Vhura dunhu (mutsara)

Open circuit (ICD)

Short circuit (CAF)

Short circuit (ECM)

Bhodhi rakatsva

Mune chaiyo yekutadza kuongororwa kwematambudziko ekuvimbika, iyo yekutadza nzira yeimwe yekutadza mode inogona kunge yakaoma uye yakasiyana. Naizvozvo, sekuferefeta nyaya, zvinoda kuongororwa kwakaringana kufunga, kufunga zvine musoro uye nzira dzakasiyana dzekuongorora. Tsvaga chikonzero chaicho chekukundikana. Mukuita uku, chero kuregeredza mune chero chinongedzo kunogona kukonzera “kusarongeka, nhema, uye kutongwa zvisirizvo”.

General wongororo yekuvimbika matambudziko ekumashure ruzivo muunganidzwa

Ruzivo rwekumashure ndiyo hwaro hwekutadza kuongororwa kwematambudziko ekuvimbika, ayo anokanganisa zvakananga maitiro ezvese anozotevera kutadza kuongorora, uye ane mhedzisiro pesvedzero pasarudzo yekupedzisira. Naizvozvo, pamberi pekutadza kuongorora, ruzivo rwuri kuseri kwekutadza kunofanirwa kuunganidzwa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira, kazhinji kusanganisira asi kwete kugumira kune:

(1) Kutadza chiyero: kukundikana batch ruzivo uye inoenderana kutadza mwero

① Kana paine dambudziko mubatch imwe mukugadzirwa kwehuwandu, kana mwero wekutadza wakadzikira, mukana wekutadza kutonga kwemaitiro wakakura;

②Kana yekutanga batch / akawanda mabheti ane matambudziko, kana chiyero chekutadza chakakwira, pesvedzero yezvinhu uye zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira hazvigone kubviswa;

⑵Pre-kurapwa kwekukundikana: Kunyangwe iyo PCB kana PCBA yapfuura neyakatevedzana yemaitiro ekutanga kurapwa kusati kwaitika. Kurapwa kwakajairika kunosanganisira pre-reflow baking, lead-free / lead-free reflow soldering, lead-free / lead-free wave soldering uye manual soldering, etc. Kana zvichidikanwa, unofanirwa kudzidza zvakawanda nezvezvinhu zvinoshandiswa mune imwe neimwe pre. -kurapa maitiro (solder paste, simbi mesh, solder waya, etc.)), midziyo (soldering simbi simba, etc.) uye parameters (reflow curve, wave soldering parameters, ruoko soldering tembiricha, etc.) ruzivo;

(3) Mamiriro ekukundikana: Iwo chaiwo ruzivo kana PCB kana PCBA ikakundikana, vamwe vari mu pre-processing senge soldering uye gungano muitiro, akadai murombo solderability, delamination, nezvimwewo; vamwe vari mukutevera kuchembera, kuyedza kana Kukundikana panguva yekushandiswa, seCAF, ECM, kupisa-mukati, nezvimwe; kuda kunzwisisa kukundikana maitiro uye ane hukama paramita zvakadzama;

Kutadza PCB/PCBA ongororo

Kazhinji kutaura, nhamba yezvigadzirwa zvakakundikana ishoma, kana kunyange imwe chete. Naizvozvo, kuongororwa kwezvigadzirwa zvakakundikana kunofanirwa kutevedzera musimboti weiyo layer-ne-layer ongororo kubva kunze kuenda mukati, kubva kune isiri-inoparadza kusvika inoparadza, uye kudzivirira nguva isati yakwana kuparadza nzvimbo yekutadza:

(1) Kucherechedza chitarisiko

Kutarisa kutaridzika ndiyo nhanho yekutanga mukuongororwa kwezvakakundikana zvigadzirwa. Kuburikidza nekuonekwa kweiyo saiti yekutadza uye yakasanganiswa neruzivo rwekumashure, vane ruzivo rwekutadza kuongorora mainjiniya vanogona kuona zvakati wandei zvinokonzeresa kutadza uye kuita kwakanangwa yekutevera ongororo. Asi zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kune nzira dzakawanda dzekutarisa chitarisiko, kusanganisira kuongorora kwekuona, girazi rinosimudza ruoko, girazi rekukudza desktop, stereo maikorosikopu uye metallurgical microscope. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekusiyana kwechiedza sosi, yekufungidzira musimboti, uye kudzika kwekutarisa, kutaridzika kwemidziyo inoenderana inoda kuongororwa zvizere pamwe chete nezvinhu zvemidziyo. Dzivisa kukurumidza kutonga kuti ugadzire fungidziro yekufungidzira, kuita kuti kuongororwa kwekutadza kuve munzira isiriyo uye kutambisa zvakakosha zvisizvo zvigadzirwa uye kuongorora. nguva.

(2) Kuongorora kwakadzama kusina kuparadza

Kune kumwe kutadza, zvinoonekwa chete zvinoonekwa ndizvo zvinoshandiswa, uye ruzivo rwakakwana rwekutadza harugone kuunganidzwa, kana kunyange kukundikana mapoinzi haawanikwe, senge delamination, welding yenhema, uye kuvhurwa kwemukati. Panguva ino, dzimwe nzira dzisiri dzekuparadza dzekuongorora dzinodiwa kuti uwedzere ruzivo rwekuunganidza, kusanganisira Ultrasonic kuona kukanganisa, 3D X-RAY, infrared thermal imaging, pfupi-circuit nzvimbo yekuona, nezvimwe.

Muchikamu chekutarisisa chitarisiko uye kusiri-kuparadza ongororo, zvinofanirwa kutarisisa kune zvakajairwa kana zvinopesana hunhu pakati pezvakasiyana zvigadzirwa zvakakundikana, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa sereferensi yeanotevera kutadza kutonga. Mushure mekuunganidza ruzivo rwakakwana mune isiri-inoparadza yekuongorora nhanho, unogona kutanga yakanangwa kuparadzwa kuongorora.

(3) Kukanganisa kuongorora

Kuongorora kwekuparadzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvakakundikana kunokosha uye danho rinonyanya kukosha, iro rinowanzoona kubudirira kana kutadza kwekutadza kuongorora. Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuongorora kuparadza, dzakadai sekuongorora electron microscopy & elemental analysis, horizontal/vertical sectioning, FTIR, nezvimwewo, zvisina kutsanangurwa muchikamu chino. Panguva ino, nzira yekuongorora yekutadza yakakosha, asi inonyanya kukosha ndeyekunzwisisa uye kutonga kwedambudziko rekuremara, uye kunzwisisa kwakaringana uye kwakajeka kweiyo yekutadza maitiro uye kutadza maitiro, kuitira kuti uwane chaiyo yekutadza chikonzero.

Bare board PCB ongororo

Kana iyo yekutadza chiyero ichikwira, zvinodikanwa kuti uongorore iyo isina bhodhi PCB, iyo inogona kushandiswa sekuwedzera kune yekutadza chikonzero chekuongorora. Kana chikonzero chekutadza chinowanikwa mukukundikana kwechigadzirwa chekuongorora nhanho ndechekuti chirema chebhodhi chisina chinhu PCB chinokonzera kutadza kuvimbika, saka kana iyo isina bhodhi PCB iine chikanganiso chimwe chete, mushure memaitiro akafanana ekugadzirisa seyakakundikana chigadzirwa, inofanirwa kuratidza zvakafanana Iyo imwechete yekutadza muoti seyakakundikana chigadzirwa. Kana iyo imwechete yekukundikana modhi isina kudzokororwa, inogona kungoreva kuti kuongororwa kwechikonzero chechigadzirwa chakakundikana kwakashata, kana kunenge kusina kukwana.

Kudzokorora bvunzo

Kana chiyero chekutadza chakanyanya kuderera uye pasina rubatsiro runogona kuwanikwa kubva kubhodhi bhodhi PCB kuongororwa, zvinofanirwa kubereka zvakakanganiswa zvePCB uye kuberekazve maitiro ekutadza kwechigadzirwa chakakundikana, kuitira kuti kuongororwa kwekutadza kuite yakavharwa loop.

Kutarisana nenhamba inowedzera yePCB yekutadza kuvimbika nhasi, kuongororwa kukundikana kunopa ruzivo rwakakosha rwekutanga-ruoko rwekugadzirisa dhizaini, kuvandudza maitiro, uye kusarudzwa kwezvinhu, uye ndiyo yekutanga nzvimbo yekuvimbika kukura. Kubva payakavambwa, Xingsen Technology Central Laboratory yakazvipira kutsvagurudzo mundima yekuvimbika kutadza kuongorora. Kutanga kubva kumagazini ino, isu zvishoma nezvishoma tinosuma chiitiko chedu uye akajairwa makesi mukuvimbika kwekutadza kuongorora.