Technological advances ensure that bolodi losindikizidwa sizingangogwira ntchito zovuta, komanso zimatha kupangidwa motsika mtengo. This is exactly why PCBS are an integral part of so many devices. Komabe, mtundu wa zida ndi molingana ndi mtundu wa PCB ntchito. Choncho, kulephera kwa PCB kungakhale ndi zotsatira zowononga, zomwe dongosolo lonse likhoza kulephera. Choncho, m’pofunika kutsatira njira zina khalidwe pa PCB kupanga ndi kupanga.

Mtengo wa IPC

Printed Circuit Board Association (dzina lenileni la bungweli; Although retaining the IPC name, it is now known as the Association connected Electronics Industry Association, a global trade association for the manufacture of PCB and other electronic components. Sukuluyi idakhazikitsidwa mu 1957 ndipo idasindikiza miyezo yovomerezeka yama board osindikizidwa. Mgwirizano wamakampaniwo uli ndi mamembala opitilira 4,000 omwe amapanga ndi kupanga ma PCBS ndi zida, kuphatikiza koma osalekeza kumafakitale otsatirawa:

Zankhondo ndi zamlengalenga

Makampani opanga magalimoto

Zida zamafakitale

zida Medical

Telecom

Therefore, the IPC standard is the industry standard for almost all steps of PCB design, from design, production to electronic assembly.

Kutsata miyezo ya IPC yofalitsidwa ndi mabungwe ogulitsa kumapereka maubwino angapo, kuphatikiza:

Kusasinthasintha – Posunga certification ya IPC, mutha kuwonetsetsa kuti ma PCBS apamwamba akupanga mosasintha. Izi, nazonso, zimamasulira kukhutitsidwa kwamakasitomala ndipo zimatha kukonza bizinesiyo.

Improved communication — IPC certification ensures that suppliers and manufacturers use the same terminology, so that no miscommunication can occur. Chimakhala chilankhulo chofala pakati pa opanga, ophatikiza, ndi oyesa. Aliyense ali patsamba lomwelo, ndipo palibe njira yosokoneza kupatula kufulumizitsa zinthu. Ndi kulumikizana kwabwino pamakina, nthawi yokwanira yopanga komanso kuchita bwino kudzakhala bwino.

Kuchepetsa mtengo – Kuyankhulana kwabwino kudzachititsa kuti mtengo uchepetse chifukwa palibe kukonzanso ndi kukonzanso.

Kuphunzitsidwa ndikutsimikiziridwa kugwiritsa ntchito miyezo ya IPC kuli ndi zabwino zingapo malinga ndi IPC. Njirazi ndi izi:

Standardized training program to enhance understanding and application.

Kumvetsetsa zoyenera kuvomereza ndi kukana

Njira zophunzitsira ndi njira zowonjezera luso

Njira zophunzitsira zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito miyezo pakupanga.

Miyezo ya IPC imagwera m’magulu angapo. IPC-A-610 ndiyomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Zinthu zina zophimbidwa ndi IPC-A-610 zikuphatikiza, koma sizimangokhala:

koziziritsira

kukhazikika

Kulumikizana kwa terminal

Kuyika chigawo

Chip zigawo

mapeto

zolemba

amination zinthu

Zina mwazofunikira za kalasi ya IPC-A-610 ndi:

Mzere wa 1

Izi zikugwira ntchito pazamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse pomwe gawo lalikulu likufunika kumalizidwa. Chifukwa chake, iyi imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwamagulu olekerera kwambiri pakuloleza zolakwika zomwe zingachitike ndipo si gulu lofunikira la OEM.

Mzere wa 2

Uwu ndiwo muyeso womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pazinthu zosafunikira, pomwe kudalirika kwanthawi yayitali ndikofunikira, ngakhale kalasi iyi imalola kuti pakhale vuto linalake.

Mzere wa 3

This is the highest standard available for more critical PCB components. Chifukwa chake, ogulitsa abwino kwambiri a CEM apanga zinthu zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo ya 3. Pali kufunikira kwenikweni kwa ndalama zokwera mtengo chifukwa cha kufufuza kwina kofunikira komanso kufunikira kochepetsera kukwera pamwamba kuti zitsimikizire kulondola kwa phirilo. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, nthawi zina zingakhale zofunikira kulola kuchotsedwa kwakukulu.

Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito miyezo ya IPC umachokeranso chifukwa chakuti amadziwika padziko lonse lapansi ndipo ayesedwa m’mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Komabe, malinga ndi IPC, ngati pali kusamvana kulikonse pakuvomerezedwa kwazinthu, dongosolo lotsatirali limagwira ntchito:

-Zogula zomwe zavomerezedwa ndikulembedwa pakati pa kasitomala ndi wopereka

– zojambula zazikulu

IPC-A-610

IPC imatanthauziranso zinthu zomwe zimathandizira kukonza njira. Izi ndi monga:

Cholinga – Ichi ndi cholinga chapafupi, ngati sichingakwaniritsidwe nthawi zonse

Mikhalidwe yovomerezeka – Ngakhale izi sizingakhale zabwino chifukwa cha malonda omwe angakhalepo pakati pa mapangidwe ndi ntchito, chikhalidwechi chimasunga kudalirika.

Chilema – Apa ndi pamene mankhwala amakanidwa chifukwa amafunika kukonzanso kapena kukonza

Mafotokozedwe a ndondomeko – izi sizidziwika kuti zimakhudza mawonekedwe kapena ntchito ya mankhwala, koma zimadalira zipangizo, mapangidwe kapena zinthu zokhudzana ndi makina.

Ndiye, kwenikweni, miyezo ya IPC imathandizira opanga kumvetsetsa zosowa za makasitomala ndikukwaniritsa zomwe akuyembekezera. Monga kasitomala, mutha kusankha kalasi ya IPC yokhazikika ndikutsimikiziridwa kuti malondawo akwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna.