Technological advances ensure that ibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo ayinakwenza imisebenzi entsonkothileyo kuphela, kodwa inokuveliswa ngexabiso eliphantsi. Yiloo nto kanye iPCBS iyinxalenye yezixhobo ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, umgangatho wezixhobo ulingana nomgangatho wePCB esetyenziswayo. Ngoko ke, ukungaphumeleli kwe-PCB kunokuba nemiphumo eyonakalisayo, apho yonke inkqubo inokusilela. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukubambelela kumanyathelo athile omgangatho ngexesha loyilo lwePCB kunye nokuveliswa.

Umgangatho we-IPC

UMbutho weBhodi yeSekethe eprintiweyo (eneneni igama langaphambili lombutho; Although retaining the IPC name, it is now known as the Association connected Electronics Industry Association, a global trade association for the manufacture of PCB and other electronic components. Iziko lasekwa kwi-1957 kwaye lipapashe imigangatho yokwamkelwa kweebhodi zeesekethe eziprintiweyo. Umbutho woshishino unamalungu angaphezu kwama-4,000 avelisa kunye noyilo lwePCBS kunye namacandelo, kubandakanya kodwa kungaphelelanga kumashishini alandelayo:

Umkhosi kunye ne-aerospace

Umzi mveliso wezithuthi

Izixhobo zeshishini

Izixhobo zonyango

Telecom

Therefore, the IPC standard is the industry standard for almost all steps of PCB design, from design, production to electronic assembly.

Ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho ye-IPC epapashwe ngamaqumrhu oshishino kubonelela ngenani leenzuzo, kuquka:

Ukuhambelana – Ngokugcina isatifikethi se-IPC, unokuqinisekisa imveliso ehambelanayo ye-PCBS ephezulu. Oku, kuguqulela ukwaneliseka kwabathengi kwaye ngoko kunokuphucula ishishini.

Improved communication — IPC certification ensures that suppliers and manufacturers use the same terminology, so that no miscommunication can occur. Iba lulwimi oluqhelekileyo phakathi kwabaqulunqi, abahlanganisi kunye nabavavanyi. Wonke umntu ukwiphepha elinye, kwaye akukho mda wokubhideka ngaphandle kokukhawulezisa izinto. Ngonxibelelwano oluphuculweyo lwe-cross-channel, ixesha elipheleleyo lokuvelisa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kuya kuphuculwa ngokuzenzekelayo.

Ukuncitshiswa kweendleko – Unxibelelwano oluphuculweyo luya kukhokelela ekwehlweni kweendleko ngokwemvelo njengoko kuncinci ukulungiswa kunye nokusebenza kwakhona.

Ukuqeqeshwa kunye nokuqinisekiswa ukusebenzisa imigangatho ye-IPC kuneenzuzo ezininzi ngokwe-IPC. Ezi ziquka:

Standardized training program to enhance understanding and application.

Qonda iindlela zokwamkelwa kunye nokwaliwa

Teaching methods and processes to enhance skills

Ubuchule bokufundisa obusebenzisa imigangatho kwimveliso.

Imigangatho ye-IPC iwela kwiindidi ezininzi. IPC-A-610 yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Izinto ezithile ezigutyungelwe yi-IPC-A-610 ziquka, kodwa aziphelelanga koku:

isinki yobushushu

sokulungisa

Uqhagamshelwano lwetheminali

Ufakelo lwamacandelo

Amacandelo e-chip

zokugqibela

uluhlu

iimeko zokuphelisa

Ezinye zeziseko zodidi lwe-IPC-A-610 zezi:

Nqanaba 1

Oku kusebenza kwiinjongo eziqhelekileyo zombane apho umsebenzi wecandelo eliphambili kufuneka ugqitywe. Ke ngoko, oku kuthathwa njengenye yezona ndidi zithambileyo malunga nokuvumela iziphene ezinokwenzeka kwaye ke ayilocandelo elifunekayo le-OEM.

Nqanaba 2

Lo ngumgangatho oqhelekileyo osetyenziselwa amacandelo angabalulekanga, apho ukuthembeka kwexesha elide kuyimfuneko, nangona le klasi ivumela iqondo elithile lesiphako.

Nqanaba 3

This is the highest standard available for more critical PCB components. Ke ngoko, ababoneleli beCEM abagqwesileyo baya kuvelisa iimveliso ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yenqanaba lesi-3. Kukho imfuneko yokwenyani yeendleko eziphezulu ngenxa yokuhlolwa okongeziweyo okufunekayo kunye nesidingo sokucotha isantya esiphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka okufunekayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yimfuneko ukuvumela iqondo eliphezulu lokukrazula.

I-advanteji yokusebenzisa imigangatho ye-IPC ikwavela kwinto yokuba ziyaziwa kwihlabathi kwaye ziye zavavanywa kuluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwe-IPC, ukuba kukho ukungqubana ekwamkelweni kwemveliso, lo myalelo ulandelayo wokubaluleka uyasebenza:

-Izinto ezithengiweyo ekuvunyelwene ngazo kwaye zibhalwe phakathi komthengi kunye nomthengisi

– imizobo engundoqo

– IPC – A – 610

IPC ikwachaza iimeko ezinceda ukuphucula inkqubo. Ezi meko zibandakanya:

Imeko yenjongo – Le yimeko ekufutshane-egqibeleleyo, ukuba ayisoloko ifikeleleka, imeko efanelekileyo yenjongo

Iimeko ezamkelekileyo – Nangona le meko ingenakulungeleka ngenxa yorhwebo olunokwenzeka phakathi koyilo kunye nokusebenza, le meko igcina ukuthembeka.

Isimo esineziphene – Apha kulapho imveliso iyaliwa kuba ifuna ukuphinda iphinde ilungiswe okanye ilungiswe

Iimeko zokuchazwa kwenkqubo – le miqathango ayaziwa ukuba ichaphazele imilo okanye umsebenzi wemveliso, kodwa ixhomekeke kwizinto eziphathekayo, ukuyila okanye izinto ezinxulumene nomatshini.

Emva koko, ngokwenyani, imigangatho ye-IPC inceda abavelisi baqonde ngokucacileyo iimfuno zabathengi kwaye bahlangabezane nokulindelweyo. Njengomthengi, unokukhetha ibakala eliqhelekileyo le-IPC kwaye uqiniseke ukuba imveliso iya kuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho.