1. Ƙarin tsarin ƙari
Yana nufin tsarin ci gaban kai tsaye na layin madubin gida tare da murfin jan ƙarfe a farfajiya na ƙasa mara madaidaici tare da taimakon ƙarin wakili na juriya (duba shafi na 62, lamba 47. Ƙarin hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su a allon allon za a iya raba su cikin cikakken ƙari, daɗaɗɗen semmila da ƙari.
2. Fale -falen baya
Wani nau’in allon kewaya ne tare da kauri mai kauri (kamar 0.093 “, 0.125”), wanda ake amfani da shi musamman don toshewa da tuntuɓar wasu allon. Hanyar ita ce da farko shigar da mahaɗin mahaɗin da yawa a cikin matsewa ta cikin rami ba tare da siyarwa ba, sannan a waya ɗaya bayan ɗaya a cikin hanyar yin iska a kan kowane fil ɗin jagorar mai haɗawa da ke wucewa ta cikin jirgi. Ana iya shigar da allon kewaye gaba ɗaya cikin mai haɗawa. Saboda ba za a iya siyar da ramin wannan jirgi na musamman ba, amma bangon rami da fil ɗin jagora an matse su kai tsaye don amfani, don haka ingancin sa da buƙatun buɗe ido suna da tsauri musamman, kuma yawan odarsa ba yawa. Gabaɗaya masana’antun hukumar kewaya ba sa so kuma suna da wuyar yarda da wannan oda, wanda kusan ya zama babban masana’anta na musamman a Amurka.
3. Gina tsari
Wannan hanya ce ta farantin farantin farantin fale-falen buraka a cikin sabon filin. Farkon Haskakawa ya samo asali ne daga tsarin SLC na IBM kuma ya fara samar da gwaji a masana’antar Yasu da ke Japan a cikin 1989. Wannan hanyar ta dogara ne akan faranti mai gefe biyu. Filaye biyu na waje an cika su da ruwa mai ƙyalli na hoto kamar probmer 52. Layer mai gudanarwa, kuma bayan hoton layi da etching, ana iya samun sabbin wayoyi da ramukan da aka binne ko ramukan makafi da ke haɗe da layin ƙasa. Ta wannan hanyar, ana iya samun adadin adadin yadudduka na allon multilayer ta ƙara yadudduka akai -akai. Wannan hanyar ba kawai za ta iya guje wa tsadar hako injin mai tsada ba, har ma tana rage ramin rami zuwa ƙasa da mil 10. A cikin shekaru biyar zuwa shida da suka gabata, masana’antun a cikin Amurka, Japan da Turai sun ci gaba da haɓaka nau’ikan fasahar fasahar multilayer daban -daban waɗanda ke karya al’adar da ɗaukar matakin Layer ta Layer. iri iri na samfurori a kasuwa. Baya ga abin da ke sama “keɓaɓɓen rami mai ƙyalli”; Hakanan akwai dabaru daban -daban na “ramuka” kamar cizon sunadarai na alkaline, cirewar laser da etching na faranti bayan cire fata na jan ƙarfe a wurin rami. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da sabon nau’in “murfi mai rufi na jan ƙarfe” mai rufi tare da resin mai taurin kai don yin katako mai kauri, ƙarami, ƙarami da siket ɗin multilayer ta lamination. A nan gaba, samfuran lantarki daban-daban masu zaman kansu za su zama duniyar wannan siket ɗin na gaske, gajeru da bangarori da yawa.
4. Cermet Taojin
An gauraya yumɓu mai yumɓu da ƙarfe na ƙarfe, sannan ana ƙara mannewa a matsayin rufi. Ana iya amfani dashi azaman sanya rigar “resistor” akan farfajiyar allon kewaye (ko Layer na ciki) a cikin nau’in fim mai kauri ko bugun fim na bakin ciki, don maye gurbin resistor na waje yayin taro.
5. Korar wuta
Yana da wani masana’antu tsari na yumbu matasan kewaye jirgin. Da’irorin da aka buga tare da nau’ikan nau’ikan ƙarfe mai kauri mai kauri fim ɗin ƙarami a kan ƙaramin jirgi ana harba su da zafi mai zafi. Ana ƙone ire -iren kwayoyin halitta daban -daban a cikin manna fim ɗin mai kauri, suna barin layin madubin ƙarfe masu daraja a matsayin wayoyi masu haɗawa.
6. Crossover mararraba
Matsakaicin madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya biyu da madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya akan saman jirgin, kuma digon mahaɗin yana cike da matsakaicin rufi. Gabaɗaya, ana ƙara jumper fim ɗin carbon akan saman fenti mai launin shuɗi ɗaya, ko wayoyin da ke sama da ƙasa da hanyar ƙara Layer shine “ƙetare”.
7. Ƙirƙiri allon wayoyi
Wato, an kafa wani faifan katako da yawa ta hanyar haɗa madauwari enamelled waya akan farfajiyar jirgin da ƙara ta cikin ramuka. Ayyukan irin wannan katafaren katako a cikin layin watsawa mai yawa ya fi madaidaicin madaidaiciyar madaidaicin kafa ta etching PCB na gaba ɗaya.
8. Dycosttrate plasma etching rami ƙara Layer hanya
Tsarin gini ne wanda kamfanin dyconex ya samar a Zurich, Switzerland. Hanya ce don ƙulla murfin tagulla a kowane matsayi na rami a saman farantin faranti, sannan sanya shi a cikin mahalli mai rufewa, kuma cika CF4, N2 da O2 don ionize a ƙarƙashin babban ƙarfin lantarki don samar da plasma tare da babban aiki, don Sanya substrate a matsayin rami kuma samar da ƙananan ramukan matukin jirgi (a ƙasa da mil 10). Ana kiran tsarin kasuwancin sa dycostrate.
9. Electro ya ajiye mai daukar hoto
Sabuwar hanyar gini ce ta “photoresist”. Da farko an yi amfani da shi don “zanen lantarki” na abubuwan ƙarfe tare da siffa mai rikitarwa. Kwanan nan an gabatar da shi cikin aikace -aikacen “photoresist”. Tsarin yana amfani da hanyar electroplating don daidaita suturar colloidal da aka caje na resin da aka caje a saman jan ƙarfe na hukumar da’irar azaman mai hana hana tsufa. A halin yanzu, an yi amfani da shi wajen samar da taro a cikin tsari na jan ƙarfe kai tsaye na farantin ciki. Wannan nau’in ED photoresist ana iya sanya shi a kan anode ko cathode gwargwadon hanyoyin aiki daban -daban, wanda ake kira “nau’in ƙirar lantarki na anode” da “cathode type photoresist electric”. Dangane da ƙa’idodi masu ɗaukar hoto daban -daban, akwai iri biyu: aiki mara kyau da aiki mai kyau. A halin yanzu, an yi kasuwanci da ed photoresist mai aiki mara kyau, amma ana iya amfani da shi azaman mai ɗaukar hoto. Saboda yana da wuyar ɗaukar hoto a cikin rami, ba za a iya amfani dashi don canja wurin hoto na farantin waje ba. Amma ga “tabbataccen ed” wanda za a iya amfani da shi azaman mai ɗaukar hoto don farantin waje (saboda fim ne mai rarrafewar hoto, kodayake ɗaukar hoto a bangon rami bai isa ba, ba shi da tasiri). A halin yanzu, masana’antun Japan na ci gaba da kara himma, tare da fatan aiwatar da samar da dimbin kasuwanci, ta yadda za a samar da samar da layuka masu sauki. Wannan kalma kuma ana kiranta “electrophoretic photoresist”.
10. Rufe madugu da aka saka kewaye, madaidaicin madubi
Kwamitin kewayawa ne na musamman wanda shimfidar sa gaba ɗaya tana kwance kuma ana latsa duk layin madubin cikin farantin. Hanyar hanyar guda ɗaya ita ce ƙulla wani ɓangaren farantin jan ƙarfe a kan farantin substrate wanda aka warkar da shi ta hanyar canja wurin hoto don samun da’irar. Sannan danna maɓallin farfajiyar allo a cikin farantin da aka ƙaddara ta hanyar babban zafin jiki da babban matsin lamba, kuma a lokaci guda, ana iya kammala aikin taurin resin farantin, don ya zama hukumar da’irar tare da duk layukan da aka dawo dasu cikin. farfajiya. Yawancin lokaci, ana buƙatar ɗan siririn jan ƙarfe daga farfajiyar da’irar da aka janye komar, don a sami wani farantin nickel 0.3mil, 20 micro inch rhodium Layer ko 10 micro inch inch zinariya Layer, don lamba juriya na iya zama ƙasa kuma yana da sauƙi don zamewa lokacin da ake yin lamba. Koyaya, bai kamata a yi amfani da PTH ba a cikin wannan hanyar don hana ramin rami yayin murƙushewa, kuma ba abu ne mai sauƙi ga wannan hukumar ta cimma shimfida mai santsi gaba ɗaya ba, kuma ba za a iya amfani da ita a cikin zafin jiki don hana layin daga Ana fitar da shi daga farfajiya bayan fadada resin. Wannan fasaha kuma ana kiranta etch da hanyar turawa, kuma ƙarshen jirgin ana kiransa flush bonded board, wanda za’a iya amfani dashi don dalilai na musamman kamar juyawa na juyawa da lambobin waya.
11. Frit glass gilashi
Baya ga sunadarai na ƙarfe masu daraja, ana buƙatar ƙara foda gilashi a cikin fim mai kauri (PTF) bugu na bugawa, don ba da wasa ga tashin hankali da tasirin mannewa a cikin ƙonawa mai zafi, ta yadda bugu na bugawa a kan farantin yumbu mara fa’ida. zai iya samar da tsarin madaidaicin ƙarfe mai tamani.
12. Cikakken tsari na ƙari
Hanya ce ta haɓaka zaɓuɓɓukan zaɓuɓɓuka a saman farantin farantin gaba ɗaya ta hanyar ƙirar ƙarfe (yawancin su jan ƙarfe ne), wanda ake kira “cikakkiyar hanyar ƙari”. Wani bayanin da ba daidai ba shine hanyar “cikakkiyar wutar lantarki”.
13. Hybrid hadedde kewaye
Samfurin mai amfani yana da alaƙa da kewaye don yin amfani da tawada mai ƙarfi na ƙarfe a kan ƙaramin farantin filastik mai ɗanɗano ta hanyar bugawa, sannan kuma ƙona kwayoyin halitta a cikin tawada a cikin zafin jiki mai yawa, yana barin madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya a saman farantin, da waldawar ƙasa. ana iya aiwatar da sassan. Samfurin mai amfani yana da alaƙa da mai ɗaukar da’ira tsakanin allon da’irar da aka buga da na’urar haɗaɗɗen semiconductor, wanda ke cikin fasahar fim mai kauri. A cikin kwanakin farko, an yi amfani da shi don aikace-aikacen soji ko yawan mita. A cikin ‘yan shekarun nan, saboda hauhawar farashi, raguwar sojoji, da wahalar samarwa ta atomatik, haɗe tare da ƙaraminaturization da madaidaicin allon kewaye, haɓaka wannan matasan ya yi ƙasa da hakan a farkon shekarun.
14. Interposer interconnect madugu
Interposer yana nufin kowane yadudduka biyu na madubin da wani abu mai ruɓewa ke ɗauke da shi wanda za a iya haɗa shi ta hanyar ƙara wasu abubuwan da za a haɗa a wurin da za a haɗa su. Misali, idan ramukan faranti masu faffadan fale-falen suna cike da manna azurfa ko manna na jan ƙarfe don maye gurbin bangon ramin jan ƙarfe na orthodox, ko kayan kamar madaidaicin madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya, dukkansu suna cikin irin wannan mai shiga tsakani.